1
|
Allais C, Bernhardson D, Brown AR, Chinigo GM, Desrosiers JN, DiRico KJ, Hotham I, Jones BP, Kulkarni SA, Lewis CA, Lira R, Loach RP, Morse PD, Mousseau JJ, Perry MA, Peng Z, Place DW, Rane AM, Samp L, Singer RA, Wang Z, Weisenburger GA, Yayla HG, Zanghi JM. Early Clinical Development of Lufotrelvir as a Potential Therapy for COVID-19. Org Process Res Dev 2023:acs.oprd.2c00375. [PMID: 37552749 PMCID: PMC9924092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lufotrelvir was designed as a first in class 3CL protease inhibitor to treat COVID-19. Development of lufotrelvir was challenged by its relatively poor stability due to its propensity to epimerize and degrade. Key elements of process development included improvement of the supply routes to the indole and lactam fragments, a Claisen addition to homologate the lactam, and a subsequent phosphorylation reaction to prepare the prodrug as well as identification of a DMSO solvated form of lufotrelvir to enable long-term storage. As a new approach to preparing the indole fragment, a Cu-catalyzed C-O coupling using oxalamide ligands was demonstrated. The control of process-related impurities was essential to accommodate the parenteral formulation. Isolation of an MEK solvate followed by the DMSO solvate ensured that all impurities were controlled appropriately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Allais
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - David Bernhardson
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Adam R. Brown
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Gary M. Chinigo
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | | | - Kenneth J. DiRico
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Ian Hotham
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Brian P. Jones
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Samir A. Kulkarni
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Chad A. Lewis
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Ricardo Lira
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Richard P. Loach
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Peter D. Morse
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - James J. Mousseau
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Matthew A. Perry
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Zhihui Peng
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - David W. Place
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Anil M. Rane
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Lacey Samp
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Robert A. Singer
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Zheng Wang
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | | | - Hatice G. Yayla
- Medicine Design, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| | - Joseph M. Zanghi
- Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer
Inc., Groton, Connecticut06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Singer RA, Monfette S, Bernhardson D, Tcyrulnikov S, Hubbell AK, Hansen EC. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A. Singer
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sebastien Monfette
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David Bernhardson
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sergei Tcyrulnikov
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Aran K. Hubbell
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Eric C. Hansen
- Pfizer Chemical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
M. Honnanayakanavar J, Owk O, Suresh S. Recent Advances in the Tandem Copper-Catalyzed Ullmann-Goldberg N-Arylation–Cyclization Strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2993-3028. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
N‒Aryl bond formation under copper catalysis has been playing a pivotal role and has been extensively used as a key step in the total syntheses of several therapeutic molecules. The...
Collapse
|
4
|
Seifinoferest B, Tanbakouchian A, Larijani B, Mahdavi M. Ullmann‐Goldberg and Buchwald‐Hartwig C−N Cross Couplings: Synthetic Methods to Pharmaceutically Potential N‐Heterocycles. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Behnoush Seifinoferest
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences University of Tehran Nejatollahi St Enghelab St Iran
| | - Arezoo Tanbakouchian
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry University of Tehran 16 Azar St Enghelab St Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences University of Tehran Nejatollahi St Enghelab St Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences University of Tehran Nejatollahi St Enghelab St Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Honnanayakanavar JM, Harish B, Nanubolu JB, Suresh S. Tandem Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective N-Arylation-Aza-Michael Addition: Synthesis of Tetracyclic 5 H-Benzothiazolo[3,2- a]quinazoline Derivatives. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8780-8791. [PMID: 32603597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed tandem process integrating regioselective N-arylation, followed by aza-Michael addition, is disclosed using 2-aminobenzothiazoles and ortho-halo cinnamic acid congeners. This process generated diverse tetracyclic 5H-benzothiazolo[3,2-a]quinazoline derivatives in moderate to good yields. The present tandem reaction appears to proceed through concomitant ring opening of 2-aminobenzothiazole and S-arylation to give the ortho-cyanamide-substituted diaryl thioether intermediate. The thus generated intermediate likely undergoes an unprecedented Truce-Smiles-type rearrangement involving S- to N-aryl migration, followed by reformation of the thiazole ring and intramolecular aza-Michael addition to furnish the title products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti M Honnanayakanavar
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Battu Harish
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Laboratory of X-Ray Crystallography, Department of Analytical Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Organic Synthesis and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500 007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A new and efficient method for the synthesis of 3-(2-nitrophenyl)pyruvic acid derivatives and indoles based on the Reissert reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
7
|
Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, and molecular docking study of fluorine-substituted indole-based imidazolines. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2177-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
8
|
Lang W, Yang Q, Song X, Yin M, Zhou L. Cu nanoparticles immobilized on montmorillonite by biquaternary ammonium salts: a highly active and stable heterogeneous catalyst for cascade sequence to indole-2-carboxylic esters. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25861a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cu-Q-MMT catalyst was prepared by immobilizing Cu nanoparticals on the biquaternary ammonium salts modified montmorillonite and exhibited high activity for cascade sequence to indole-2-carboxylic esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Lang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- China West Normal University
- Nanchong 637002
- China
| | - Qin Yang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- China West Normal University
- Nanchong 637002
- China
| | - Xueping Song
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- China West Normal University
- Nanchong 637002
- China
| | - Mengyun Yin
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- China West Normal University
- Nanchong 637002
- China
| | - Limei Zhou
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province
- China West Normal University
- Nanchong 637002
- China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Giomi D, Alfini R, Ceccarelli J, Salvini A, Brandi A. Phenyl (2-quinolyl) methanol: A Valuable Reagent for Metal-Free Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Compounds and Imines. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Giomi
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Renzo Alfini
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Jacopo Ceccarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Antonella Salvini
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Alberto Brandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica ‘Ugo Schiff'; Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico; Via della Lastruccia 3-13 I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Clagg K, Hou H, Weinstein AB, Russell D, Stahl SS, Koenig SG. Synthesis of Indole-2-carboxylate Derivatives via Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Amination of Aryl C-H Bonds. Org Lett 2016; 18:3586-9. [PMID: 27404018 PMCID: PMC5296645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A direct oxidative C-H amination affording 1-acetyl indolecarboxylates starting from 2-acetamido-3-arylacrylates has been achieved. Indole-2-carboxylates can be targeted with a straightforward deacetylation of the initial reaction products. The C-H amination reaction is carried out using a catalytic Pd(II) source with oxygen as the terminal oxidant. The scope and application of this chemistry is demonstrated with good to high yields for numerous electron-rich and electron-poor substrates. Further reaction of selected products via Suzuki arylation and deacetylation provides access to highly functionalized indole structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Clagg
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Haiyun Hou
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Adam B. Weinstein
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - David Russell
- Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Shannon S. Stahl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ravichandiran P, Lai B, Gu Y. Aldo-X Bifunctional Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Heterocycles. CHEM REC 2016; 17:142-183. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Palanisamy Ravichandiran
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Lai
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
| | - Yanlong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan 430074 P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation; Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics; Lanzhou 730000 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ju Y, Miao D, Yu R, Koo S. Tandem catalytic oxidative deacetylation of acetoacetic esters and heteroaromatic cyclizations. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:2588-99. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02441a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Coupling of ethyl acetoacetate with MVK and with 2-nitrobenzyl bromides, Mn(iii)/Co(ii)-catalyzed deacetylation, and heterocyclizations provide pyrroles and indoles, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Ju
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Di Miao
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Ruiyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| | - Sangho Koo
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Energy and Biotechnology
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Obulesu O, Nanubolu JB, Suresh S. Tandem copper (Cu) catalysed N-arylation–vinylogous nitroaldol condensation of 3,5-disubstituted 4-nitropyrazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8232-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01011j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A tandem process involving copper catalysed N-arylation and vinylogous nitroaldol condensation is described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Owk Obulesu
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT)
- Hyderabad
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Center for X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT)
- Hyderabad
- India
| | - Surisetti Suresh
- Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT)
- Hyderabad
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cao L, Shen D, Wei J, Chen J, Deng H, Shao M, Shi J, Zhang H, Cao W. Facile Synthesis of 2-(Perfluoroalkyl)indoles through a Michael Addition/CuI-Catalyzed Annulation Process. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
15
|
|
16
|
Zhao H, Koenig SG, Dankwardt JW, Singh SP. Practical Nonazide Synthesis of a d-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor via a Sequential Erlenmeyer–Plöchl Reaction and Ligand-Free Copper(I) Amination Protocol. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op4001737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., 84 Waterford
Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., 84 Waterford
Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - John W. Dankwardt
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., 84 Waterford
Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| | - Surendra P. Singh
- Chemical Process Research and Development, Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc., 84 Waterford
Drive, Marlborough, Massachusetts 01752, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Melkonyan FS, Kuznetsov DE, Yurovskaya MA, Karchava AV. One-pot synthesis of substituted indoles via titanium(iv) alkoxide mediated imine formation – copper-catalyzed N-arylation. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40389k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
18
|
McNulty J, Keskar K. A Tandem “On-Palladium” Heck-Jeffery Amination Route Toward the Synthesis of Functionalized Indole-2-carboxylates. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
19
|
Liu Y, Wan JP. Tandem reactions initiated by copper-catalyzed cross-coupling: A new strategy towards heterocycle synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6873-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05769c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|