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Cook XAF, Pantaine LRE, Blakemore DC, Moses IB, Sach NW, Shavnya A, Willis MC. Base‐Activated Latent Heteroaromatic Sulfinates as Nucleophilic Coupling Partners in Palladium‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlan A. F. Cook
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Loïc R. E. Pantaine
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | | | - Ian B. Moses
- Pharmaceutical sciences Pfizer Inc. Discovery Park, Ramsgate Road CT13 9ND UK
| | - Neal W. Sach
- Medicine Design, La Jolla Laboratories Pfizer Inc. 10777 Science Center Drive San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | - Andre Shavnya
- Medicine Design Pfizer Inc. Eastern Point Road Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Department of Chemistry University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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2
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Cook XAF, Pantaine LRE, Blakemore DC, Moses IB, Sach NW, Shavnya A, Willis MC. Base-Activated Latent Heteroaromatic Sulfinates as Nucleophilic Coupling Partners in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22461-22468. [PMID: 34342107 PMCID: PMC8518705 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Heteroaromatic sulfinates are effective nucleophilic reagents in Pd0 -catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides. However, metal sulfinate salts can be challenging to purify, solubilize in reaction media, and are not tolerant to multi-step transformations. Here we introduce base-activated, latent sulfinate reagents: β-nitrile and β-ester sulfones. We show that under the cross-coupling conditions, these species generate the sulfinate salt in situ, which then undergo efficient palladium-catalyzed desulfinative cross-coupling with (hetero)aryl bromides to deliver a broad range of biaryls. These latent sulfinate reagents have proven to be stable through multi-step substrate elaboration, and amenable to scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlan A. F. Cook
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Loïc R. E. Pantaine
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | | | - Ian B. Moses
- Pharmaceutical sciencesPfizer Inc.Discovery Park, Ramsgate RoadCT13 9NDUK
| | - Neal W. Sach
- Medicine Design, La Jolla LaboratoriesPfizer Inc.10777 Science Center DriveSan DiegoCA92121USA
| | - Andre Shavnya
- Medicine DesignPfizer Inc.Eastern Point RoadGrotonCT06340USA
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research LaboratoryMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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3
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Sun S, Reep C, Zhang C, Captain B, Peverati R, Takenaka N. Design and synthesis of 3,3'-triazolyl biisoquinoline N, N'-dioxides via Hiyama cross-coupling of 4-trimethylsilyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2021; 81. [PMID: 34924634 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy to effectively lock the conformation of substituents at the 3,3'-positions of axial-chiral biisoquinoline N,N'-dioxides was developed based on the strong dipole-dipole interaction between 1,2,3-triazole and pyridine N-oxide rings. The crystal structure and the DFT calculations of 3,3'-bis(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)-1,1'-biisoquinoline N,N'-dioxide (3a) provided strong support for this strategy. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrated that readily available 4-trimethylsilyl-1,2,3-triazoles are viable nucleophiles for Hiyama cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Sun
- Chemistry Program, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, United States
| | - Carlyn Reep
- Chemistry Program, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, United States
| | - Chenrui Zhang
- Chemistry Program, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, United States
| | - Burjor Captain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
| | - Roberto Peverati
- Chemistry Program, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, United States
| | - Norito Takenaka
- Chemistry Program, Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 West University Boulevard, Melbourne, Florida 32901-6975, United States
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4
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Hara N, Uemura N, Nakao Y. C2-Selective silylation of pyridines by a rhodium-aluminum complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5957-5960. [PMID: 34023864 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a C2-selective mono-silylation of a variety of pyridines using a Rh-Al complex. Both the site- and mono-selectivity are controlled via the pyridine coordination to the Lewis-acidic Al center prior to the activation of the pyridine C(2)-H bond at the proximal Rh center. A reaction mechanism is proposed based on several mechanistic studies, including the isolation of a (2-pyridyl)silylrhodium intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Hara
- Department of Material Chemistry, Institution Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Nao Uemura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Institution Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Nakao
- Department of Material Chemistry, Institution Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
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5
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Cook XAF, de Gombert A, McKnight J, Pantaine LRE, Willis MC. The 2-Pyridyl Problem: Challenging Nucleophiles in Cross-Coupling Arylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11068-11091. [PMID: 32940402 PMCID: PMC8246887 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Azine-containing biaryls are ubiquitous scaffolds in many areas of chemistry, and efficient methods for their synthesis are continually desired. Pyridine rings are prominent amongst these motifs. Transition-metal-catalysed cross-coupling reactions have been widely used for their synthesis and functionalisation as they often provide a swift and tuneable route to related biaryl scaffolds. However, 2-pyridine organometallics are capricious coupling partners and 2-pyridyl boron reagents in particular are notorious for their instability and poor reactivity in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. The synthesis of pyridine-containing biaryls is therefore limited, and methods for the formation of unsymmetrical 2,2'-bis-pyridines are scarce. This Review focuses on the methods developed for the challenging coupling of 2-pyridine nucleophiles with (hetero)aryl electrophiles, and ranges from traditional cross-coupling processes to alternative nucleophilic reagents and novel main group approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlan A. F. Cook
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryOxford University12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Antoine de Gombert
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryOxford University12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Janette McKnight
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryOxford University12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Loïc R. E. Pantaine
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryOxford University12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Chemistry Research LaboratoryOxford University12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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6
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Cook XAF, Gombert A, McKnight J, Pantaine LRE, Willis MC. The 2‐Pyridyl Problem: Challenging Nucleophiles in Cross‐Coupling Arylations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlan A. F. Cook
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Antoine Gombert
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Janette McKnight
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Loïc R. E. Pantaine
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Michael C. Willis
- Chemistry Research Laboratory Oxford University 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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7
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Zheng S, Zhang T, Maekawa H. Reductive 3-Silylation of Benzofuran Derivatives via Coupling Reaction with Chlorotrialkylsilane. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13965-13972. [PMID: 33044065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Reductive silylation of benzofurans with an electron-withdrawing group by a magnesium metal and the subsequent oxidative rearomatization by DDQ gave the selective formation of less reported 3-silylated benzofurans in moderate to good yields under mild reaction conditions with wide substituent scope. The silyl group introduced on the five-membered ring by the reductive coupling could survive with no elimination throughout the oxidation process. The silylated heteroaromatic skeleton is useful as an intermediate in organic synthesis, and its practical utility was also demonstrated by several transformation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Maekawa
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Nagaoka University of Technology, 1603-1 Kamitomioka-cho, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2188, Japan
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8
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One-pot carbonyl reduction and carbonate formation using sodium borohydride in dialkyl carbonate solvents. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Boyle BT, Hilton MC, McNally A. Nonsymmetrical Bis-Azine Biaryls from Chloroazines: A Strategy Using Phosphorus Ligand-Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15441-15449. [PMID: 31483634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Distinct approaches to synthesize bis-azine biaryls are in demand as these compounds have multiple applications in the chemical sciences and are challenging targets for metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Most approaches focus on developing new reagents as the formal nucleophilic coupling partner that can function in metal-catalyzed processes. We present an alternative approach using pyridine and diazine phosphines as nucleophilic partners and chloroazines where the heterobiaryl bond is formed via a tandem SNAr-phosphorus ligand-coupling sequence. The heteroaryl phosphines are prepared from chloroazines and are bench-stable solids. A range of bis-azine biaryls can be formed from abundant chloroazines using this strategy that would be challenging using traditional approaches. A one-pot cross-electrophile coupling of two chloroazines is feasible, and we also compared the phosphorus-mediated strategy with metal-catalyzed coupling reactions to show advantages and compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Boyle
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Michael C Hilton
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
| | - Andrew McNally
- Department of Chemistry , Colorado State University , Fort Collins , Colorado 80523 , United States
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10
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Bartolomeu ADA, Silva RC, Brocksom TJ, Noël T, de Oliveira KT. Photoarylation of Pyridines Using Aryldiazonium Salts and Visible Light: An EDA Approach. J Org Chem 2019; 84:10459-10471. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aloisio de A. Bartolomeu
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Sustainable Process Engineering, Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70 (Helix, STO 1.37), 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo C. Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Timothy J. Brocksom
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Sustainable Process Engineering, Micro Flow Chemistry & Synthetic Methodology, Eindhoven University of Technology, De Rondom 70 (Helix, STO 1.37), 5612 AP Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kleber T. de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
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11
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Guo P, Zhang H, Zhou J, Gallou F, Parmentier M, Wang H. Micelle-Enabled Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling of Heteroaryl Boronate Esters. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7523-7527. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Guo
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Pharma Technology Company Limited, Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Pharma Technology Company Limited, Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, China
| | - Jianguang Zhou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Pharma Technology Company Limited, Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, China
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Parmentier
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hui Wang
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Suzhou Novartis Pharma Technology Company Limited, Changshu, Jiangsu 215537, China
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12
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Zhao HY, Wu FS, Yang L, Liang Y, Cao XL, Wang HS, Pan YM. Catalyst- and solvent-free approach to 2-arylated quinolines via [5 + 1] annulation of 2-methylquinolines with diynones. RSC Adv 2018; 8:4584-4587. [PMID: 35539512 PMCID: PMC9077778 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12716b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel route for the synthesis of 2-arylated quinolines through a [5 + 1] annulation directly from 2-methylquinolines and diynones under catalyst-free and solvent-free conditions was disclosed. This synthetic process was atom-economic, with good tolerance of a broad range of functional groups, and with great practical worth. A novel route for the synthesis of 2-arylated quinolines through a [5 + 1] annulation directly from 2-methylquinolines and diynones under catalyst-free and solvent-free conditions was disclosed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yuan Zhao
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin
- China
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
| | - Fu-Song Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization
- Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute
- Nanning
- China
| | - Ying Liang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences
- Guilin University of Electronic Technology
- Guilin
- China
| | - Xiao-Lin Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- China
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13
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Isley NA, Wang Y, Gallou F, Handa S, Aue DH, Lipshutz BH. A Micellar Catalysis Strategy for Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Couplings of 2-Pyridyl MIDA Boronates: No Copper, in Water, Very Mild Conditions. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A. Isley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Fabrice Gallou
- Chemical & Analytical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Donald H. Aue
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Bruce H. Lipshutz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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14
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Foubelo F, Nájera C, Yus M. The Hiyama Cross-Coupling Reaction: New Discoveries. CHEM REC 2016; 16:2521-2533. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Sadler SA, Tajuddin H, Mkhalid IAI, Batsanov AS, Albesa-Jove D, Cheung MS, Maxwell AC, Shukla L, Roberts B, Blakemore DC, Lin Z, Marder TB, Steel PG. Iridium-catalyzed C–H borylation of pyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:7318-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Haley CK, Gilmore CD, Stoltz BM. Development of a palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling of (2-azaaryl)carboxylates with aryl halides. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:5732-5736. [PMID: 23794757 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic method for the decarboxylative coupling of 2-(azaaryl)carboxylates with aryl halides is described. The decarboxylative cross-coupling presented is mediated by a system catalytic in both palladium and copper without requiring stoichiometric amounts of organometallic reagents or organoboronic acids. This method circumvents additional synthetic steps required to prepare 2-azaaryl organometallics and organoborates as nucleophilic coupling partners, which are prone to protodemetallation and protodeborylation and produce potentially toxic byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Haley
- Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
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17
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Kubelka T, Slavětínská L, Eigner V, Hocek M. Synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyridin-3-yl C-2'-deoxyribonucleosides through chemoselective transformations of bromo-chloropyridine C-nucleosides. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4702-18. [PMID: 23760109 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40774h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2-Bromo-6-chloro- and 6-bromo-2-chloropyridin-3-yl deoxyribonucleosides were prepared by the Heck coupling of bromo-chloro-iodopyridines with TBS-protected deoxyribose glycal. Some of their Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions proceeded chemoselectively at the position of the bromine, whereas nucleophilic substitutions were unselective and gave mixtures of products. The mono-substituted intermediates were used for another coupling or nucleophilic substitution giving rise to a small library of title 2,6-disubstituted pyridine C-deoxyribonucleosides. The title nucleosides did not exert antiviral or cytostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Kubelka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Gilead & IOCB Research Center, Flemingovo nam. 2, CZ-16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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18
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Harris CF, Ravindranathan D, Huo S. Oxidative addition of heteroaromatic halides to Negishi reagent and subsequent cross-coupling reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.07.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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