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Cook A, Newman SG. Alcohols as Substrates in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Arylation, Alkylation, and Related Reactions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6078-6144. [PMID: 38630862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols are abundant and attractive feedstock molecules for organic synthesis. Many methods for their functionalization require them to first be converted into a more activated derivative, while recent years have seen a vast increase in the number of complexity-building transformations that directly harness unprotected alcohols. This Review discusses how transition metal catalysis can be used toward this goal. These transformations are broadly classified into three categories. Deoxygenative functionalizations, representing derivatization of the C-O bond, enable the alcohol to act as a leaving group toward the formation of new C-C bonds. Etherifications, characterized by derivatization of the O-H bond, represent classical reactivity that has been modernized to include mild reaction conditions, diverse reaction partners, and high selectivities. Lastly, chain functionalization reactions are described, wherein the alcohol group acts as a mediator in formal C-H functionalization reactions of the alkyl backbone. Each of these three classes of transformation will be discussed in context of intermolecular arylation, alkylation, and related reactions, illustrating how catalysis can enable alcohols to be directly harnessed for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cook
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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2
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Abonia R, Insuasty D, Laali KK. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Propargyl Derivatives, and Their Application as Synthetic Intermediates and Building Blocks. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083379. [PMID: 37110613 PMCID: PMC10146578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The propargyl group is a highly versatile moiety whose introduction into small-molecule building blocks opens up new synthetic pathways for further elaboration. The last decade has witnessed remarkable progress in both the synthesis of propargylation agents and their application in the synthesis and functionalization of more elaborate/complex building blocks and intermediates. The goal of this review is to highlight these exciting advances and to underscore their impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali A.A. 25360, Colombia
| | - Daniel Insuasty
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biología, Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla 081007, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Kenneth K Laali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Florida, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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3
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Zerov AV, Boyarskaya IA, Khoroshilova OV, Lavrentieva IN, Slita AV, Sinegubova EO, Zarubaev VV, Vasilyev AV. TfOH-Promoted Reactions of TMS-Ethers of CF 3-Pentenynoles with Arenes. Synthesis of CF 3-Substituted Pentenynes, Indenes, and Other Carbocyclic Structures. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1489-1504. [PMID: 33372515 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylsilyl ethers of 1,5-diaryl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-pent-1-en-4-yn-3-oles [Ar-C≡C-C(CF3)(OSiMe3)-CH═CH-Ar'] in the superacid TfOH give rise to reactive conjugated CF3-allylic-propargylic cations [Ar-C≡C-C+(CF3)-CH═CH-Ar']. These species react with arenes in the presence of 1.5 equiv of TfOH forming regio- and stereoselectively E-1,1,5-triaryl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-pent-2-en-4-ynes [Ar-C≡C-C(CF3)═CH-CHAr'(Ar″)] in good yields. In the excess of TfOH, these CF3-pentenynes are further intramolecularly cyclized into CF3-bicyclic dihydroanthracene derivatives ("helicopter"-like molecules). The CF3-pentenynes may also react with arenes, as external nucleophiles, leading to CF3-indenes. These two main reaction pathways depend on internal nucleophilicity of aryl substituents in CF3-pentenynes and external nucleophilicity of aromatic molecules. Plausible cationic reaction mechanisms have been discussed. CF3-bicyclic dihydroanthracene derivatives have been studied regarding their cytotoxicity and virus-inhibiting activity against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) in MDCK cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey V Zerov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Irina A Boyarskaya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olesya V Khoroshilova
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Irina N Lavrentieva
- St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira st., 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander V Slita
- St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira st., 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir V Zarubaev
- St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Mira st., 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Aleksander V Vasilyev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University, Institutsky per., 5, Saint Petersburg 194021, Russia
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Margarita C, Villo P, Tuñon H, Dalla-Santa O, Camaj D, Carlsson R, Lill M, Ramström A, Lundberg H. Zirconium-catalysed direct substitution of alcohols: enhancing the selectivity by kinetic analysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic analysis was used as a tool for rational optimization of catalytic direct substitution of alcohols to enable selective formation of ethers, thioethers, and Friedel–Crafts alkylation products using a moisture-tolerant and commercially available Zr complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Margarita
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piret Villo
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hernando Tuñon
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Dalla-Santa
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Camaj
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Lill
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anja Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Tsuji H, Kawatsura M. Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Propargylic Substitution of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives Bearing an Internal Alkyne Group. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Tsuji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences Nihon University Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8550 Japan
| | - Motoi Kawatsura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences Nihon University Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku Tokyo 156-8550 Japan
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Laxmikeshav K, Sakla AP, Rasane S, John SE, Shankaraiah N. Microwave‐Assisted Regioselective Friedel–Crafts Arylation by BF
3
⋅ OEt
2
: A Facile Synthetic Access to 3‐Substituted‐3‐Propargyl Oxindole Scaffolds. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kritika Laxmikeshav
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Akash P. Sakla
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Sai Rasane
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Stephy Elza John
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) Hyderabad 500 037 India
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Nursahedova SK, Zerov AV, Boyarskaya IA, Grinenko EV, Nenajdenko VG, Vasilyev AV. HUSY zeolite-promoted reactions of trifluoromethylated propargyl alcohols with arenes: synthesis of CF3-indenes and DFT study of intermediate carbocations. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1215-1224. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02887g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of CF3-propargyl alcohols with arenes under the action of HUSY zeolite CBV-720 at 100 °C for 1 h affords CF3-indenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selbi K. Nursahedova
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Aleksey V. Zerov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Irina A. Boyarskaya
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Elena V. Grinenko
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
| | | | - Aleksander V. Vasilyev
- Department of Chemistry
- Saint Petersburg State Forest Technical University
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
- Department of Organic Chemistry
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Martins GM, Back DF, Kaufman TS, Silveira CC. SeCl2-Mediated Approach Toward Indole-Containing Polysubstituted Selenophenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3252-3264. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme M. Martins
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Davi F. Back
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario (CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531, Rosario, SF S2002LRK, Argentina
| | - Claudio C. Silveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Roy R, Saha S. Scope and advances in the catalytic propargylic substitution reaction. RSC Adv 2018; 8:31129-31193. [PMID: 35548716 PMCID: PMC9085608 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophilic displacement of the propargylic alcohol is one of the sought-after methods in the current scenario. The highly nucleophilic alkyne functional moiety along with its considerably acidic terminal hydrogen atom allows the propargylic unit to play a crucial role in organic synthesis by offering a handle for further synthetic transformations. Until 2000, the most fundamental propargylic substitution reaction was the Nicolas reaction, a multi-step transformation, developed in 1972, which involved cobalt as a stoichiometric promoter. Therefore, the direct catalytic substitution of propargylic alcohols was a highly desirable method for development. The pioneering work on the Ru-catalyzed propargylic substitution reaction in 2000 encouraged many researchers to develop several novel catalytic propargylic substitution reactions, which have made rapid progress since then. The purpose of this review is to emphasise the involvement of diverse types of Lewis acid, transition metal and Brønsted acid catalysts in the propargylic substitution reaction and provide an updated summary of the recent developments in this field. The selected examples presented here are the most significant and relevant ones and we believe that this will help the readers to comprehend the scope of the propargylic substitution reaction with diverse types of catalysts and will envisage the scientific community for the future developments in this field. Direct nucleophilic displacement of the alpha-hydroxy of the propargylic alcohol is one of the sought-after methods in the current scenario. An updated summary of the recent developments in this field is presented here.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satyajit Saha
- Department of Dyestuff Technology
- ICT Mumbai
- Mumbai
- India
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10
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Gohain M, Lin S, Bezuidenhoudt BC. Al(OTf)3-catalyzed SN2′ substitution of the β-hydroxy group in Morita–Baylis–Hillman adducts with indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Lim JW, Kim SH, Kim J, Kim JN. Synthesis of Benzo[a]carbazoles from 2-Arylindolesviaa Sequential Propargylation, Propargyl-Allenyl Isomerization, and 6π-Electrocyclization. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Se Hee Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
| | - Jae Nyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Basic Science; Chonnam National University; Gwangju 500-757 Korea
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12
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Uchuskin MG, Makarov AS, Butin AV. Catalytic Alkylation of Furans by π-Activated Alcohols (Review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1534-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Fortes MP, Bassaco MM, Kaufman TS, Silveira CC. A convenient eco-friendly system for the synthesis of 5-sulfenyl tetrazole derivatives of indoles and pyrroles employing CeCl3·7H2O in PEG-400. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra05625f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of CeCl3·7H2O in PEG-400 for the convenient synthesis of 5-sulfenyl tetrazoles derived from indoles and pyrroles, is reported. The scope and limitations of the transformation were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margiani P. Fortes
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 97105-900
- Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Bassaco
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 97105-900
- Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Claudio C. Silveira
- Departamento de Química
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 97105-900
- Santa Maria, Brazil
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Modular CeCl3·7H2O-catalyzed multi-component synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrasubstituted pyrroles under microwave irradiation and their further trichloroisocyanuric acid-mediated conversion into 5-sulfenylpyrrole derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Silveira CC, Martins GM, Mendes SR. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of (Z)-2-Arylsulfanyl allylic alcohols using anhydrous CeCl3 as catalyst under solvent free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Das D, Roy S. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Efficient C-3 Functionalization of Indoles with Benzylic and Allylic Alcohols under Co-Catalyst, Acid, Base, Additive and External Ligand-Free Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Heterobimetallic Pd–Sn catalysis: highly selective intermolecular hydroarylation of α-methyl substituted aryl alkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Condensation of propargylic alcohols with indoles and carbazole in [bmim][PF6]/Bi(NO3)3·5H2O: a simple high yielding propargylation method with recycling and reuse of the ionic liquid. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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