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Reichert EC, Feng K, Sather AC, Buchwald SL. Pd-Catalyzed Amination of Base-Sensitive Five-Membered Heteroaryl Halides with Aliphatic Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3323-3329. [PMID: 36719903 PMCID: PMC9988406 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a versatile and functional-group-tolerant method for the Pd-catalyzed C-N cross-coupling of five-membered heteroaryl halides with primary and secondary amines, an important but underexplored transformation. Coupling reactions of challenging, pharmaceutically relevant heteroarenes, such as 2-H-1,3-azoles, are reported in good-to-excellent yields. High-yielding coupling reactions of a wide set of five-membered heteroaryl halides with sterically demanding α-branched cyclic amines and acyclic secondary amines are reported for the first time. The key to the broad applicability of this method is the synergistic combination of (1) the moderate-strength base NaOTMS, which limits base-mediated decomposition of sensitive five-membered heteroarenes that ultimately leads to catalyst deactivation, and (2) the use of a GPhos-supported Pd catalyst, which effectively resists heteroarene-induced catalyst deactivation while promoting efficient coupling, even for challenging and sterically demanding amines. Cross-coupling reactions between a wide variety of five-membered heteroaryl halides and amines are demonstrated, including eight examples involving densely functionalized medicinal chemistry building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine C Reichert
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kaibo Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Aaron C Sather
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Hassell-Hart S, Speranzini E, Srikwanjai S, Hossack E, Roe SM, Fearon D, Akinbosede D, Hare S, Spencer J. Synthesis of a Thiazole Library via an Iridium-Catalyzed Sulfur Ylide Insertion Reaction. Org Lett 2022; 24:7924-7927. [PMID: 36265082 PMCID: PMC9641659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A library of thiazoles and selenothiazoles were synthesized via Ir-catalyzed ylide insertion chemistry. This process is a functional group, particularly heterocycle-substituent tolerant. This was applied to the synthesis of fanetizole, an anti-inflammatory drug, and a thiazole-containing drug fragment that binds to the peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth) in Neisseria gonorrheae bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Storm Hassell-Hart
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
| | - Elisa Speranzini
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
| | - Sirihathai Srikwanjai
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
| | - Euan Hossack
- Department
of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K.
| | - S. Mark Roe
- Department
of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K.
| | - Daren Fearon
- Diamond
LightSource (DLS), Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K.
| | - Daniel Akinbosede
- Department
of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K.
| | - Stephen Hare
- Department
of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K.
| | - John Spencer
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University
of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, U.K.
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Solomin VV, Radchenko DS, Slobodyanyuk EY, Geraschenko OV, Vashchenko BV, Grygorenko OO. Widely Exploited, Yet Unreported: Regiocontrolled Synthesis and the Suzuki-Miyaura Reactions of Bromooxazole Building Blocks. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitalii V. Solomin
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
| | - Dmytro S. Radchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Ukraine
| | - Evgeniy Y. Slobodyanyuk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Murmanska Street 5, Kyiv 02660; Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr V. Geraschenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V. Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O. Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine, Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyiv; 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv; Ukraine
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Synthesis and photocytotoxic activity of [1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-h][1,6]naphthyridines and [1,3]oxazolo[5,4-h][1,6]naphthyridines. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:176-193. [PMID: 30445266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[1,2,3]Triazolo[4,5-h][1,6]naphthyridines and [1,3]oxazolo[5,4-h][1,6]naphthyridines were synthesized with the aim to investigate their photocytotoxic activity. Upon irradiation, oxazolo-naphtapyridines induced light-dependent cell death at nanomolar/low micromolar concentrations (EC50 0.01-6.59 μM). The most photocytotoxic derivative showed very high selectivity and photocytotoxicity indexes (SI = 72-86, PTI>5000), along with a triplet excited state with exceptionally long lifetime (18.0 μs) and high molar absorptivity (29781 ± 180 M-1cm-1 at λmax 315 nm). The light-induced production of ROS promptly induced an unquenchable apoptotic process selectively in tumor cells, with mitochondrial and lysosomal involvement. Altogether, these results demonstrate that the most active compound acts as a promising singlet oxygen sensitizer for biological applications.
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Cox OB, Krojer T, Collins P, Monteiro O, Talon R, Bradley A, Fedorov O, Amin J, Marsden BD, Spencer J, von Delft F, Brennan PE. A poised fragment library enables rapid synthetic expansion yielding the first reported inhibitors of PHIP(2), an atypical bromodomain. Chem Sci 2016; 7:2322-2330. [PMID: 29910922 PMCID: PMC5977933 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03115j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Research into the chemical biology of bromodomains has been driven by the development of acetyl-lysine mimetics. The ligands are typically anchored by binding to a highly conserved asparagine residue. Atypical bromodomains, for which the asparagine is mutated, have thus far proven elusive targets, including PHIP(2) whose parent protein, PHIP, has been linked to disease progression in diabetes and cancers. The PHIP(2) binding site contains a threonine in place of asparagine, and solution screening have yielded no convincing hits. We have overcome this hurdle by combining the sensitivity of X-ray crystallography, used as the primary fragment screen, with a strategy for rapid follow-up synthesis using a chemically-poised fragment library, which allows hits to be readily modified by parallel chemistry both peripherally and in the core. Our approach yielded the first reported hit compounds of PHIP(2) with measurable IC50 values by an AlphaScreen competition assay. The follow-up libraries of four poised fragment hits improved potency into the sub-mM range while showing good ligand efficiency and detailed structural data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oakley B Cox
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Target Discovery Institute (TDI) , Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7FZ , UK .
- Diamond Light Source (DLS) , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , OX11 0DE , UK .
| | - Tobias Krojer
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
| | - Patrick Collins
- Diamond Light Source (DLS) , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , OX11 0DE , UK .
| | - Octovia Monteiro
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Target Discovery Institute (TDI) , Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7FZ , UK .
| | - Romain Talon
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
| | - Anthony Bradley
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
| | - Oleg Fedorov
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Target Discovery Institute (TDI) , Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7FZ , UK .
| | - Jahangir Amin
- Department of Chemistry , School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Brighton , BN1 9QJ , UK
| | - Brian D Marsden
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology , Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics , Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences , University of Oxford , Roosevelt Drive, Headington , Oxford OX3 7FY , UK
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry , School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Brighton , BN1 9QJ , UK
| | - Frank von Delft
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Diamond Light Source (DLS) , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Didcot , OX11 0DE , UK .
- Department of Biochemistry , University of Johannesburg , Aukland Park 2006 , South Africa
| | - Paul E Brennan
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC) , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7DQ , UK
- Target Discovery Institute (TDI) , Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Oxford OX3 7FZ , UK .
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Abdurakhmanova ER, Lukashuk EI, Golovchenko AV, Pil’o SG, Brovarets VS. N-methyl-D-glucamine-derived 4-substituted 1,3-oxazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215040143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Kornienko AN, Pil’o SG, Kozachenko AP, Prokopenko VM, Rusanov EB, Brovarets VS. Reaction of 2-Aryl-4-Cyano-1,3-Oxazole-5-Sulfonyl Chlorides With 5-Amino-1H-Pyrazoles and 5-Amino-1H-1,2,4-Triazole. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-014-1450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liu X, Wilcken R, Joerger AC, Chuckowree IS, Amin J, Spencer J, Fersht AR. Small molecule induced reactivation of mutant p53 in cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2013; 41:6034-44. [PMID: 23630318 PMCID: PMC3695503 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53 cancer mutant Y220C is an excellent paradigm for rescuing the function of conformationally unstable p53 mutants because it has a unique surface crevice that can be targeted by small-molecule stabilizers. Here, we have identified a compound, PK7088, which is active in vitro: PK7088 bound to the mutant with a dissociation constant of 140 μM and raised its melting temperature, and we have determined the binding mode of a close structural analogue by X-ray crystallography. We showed that PK7088 is biologically active in cancer cells carrying the Y220C mutant by a battery of tests. PK7088 increased the amount of folded mutant protein with wild-type conformation, as monitored by immunofluorescence, and restored its transcriptional functions. It induced p53-Y220C-dependent growth inhibition, cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Most notably, PK7088 increased the expression levels of p21 and the proapoptotic NOXA protein. PK7088 worked synergistically with Nutlin-3 on up-regulating p21 expression, whereas Nutlin-3 on its own had no effect, consistent with its mechanism of action. PK7088 also restored non-transcriptional apoptotic functions of p53 by triggering nuclear export of BAX to the mitochondria. We suggest a set of criteria for assigning activation of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Liu
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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