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Kumar V. Designed Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins and Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules: A Personal Account. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1480-6474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydantoin and its analogues such as thiohydantoin and iminohydantoin have received substantial attention from both a chemical and a biological point of view. Several compounds of this class have shown useful pharmacological activities such as anticonvulsant, antitumor, antiarrhythmic, and herbicidal properties that have led, in some cases, to clinical applications. Because of these broad-spectrum activities, intensive research efforts have been dedicated in industry and academia to the synthesis and structural modifications of hydantoin and its derivatives. Realizing the importance of hydantoin in organic and medicinal chemistry, we also initiated a research program that successfully designed and developed new routes and methods for the formation of hydantoin, thiohydantoin, and iminohydantoin substituted at various positions, particularly at the N-1 position without following a protection–deprotection strategy. Because combinations of two or more pharmacophoric groups can lead to hybrid molecules that display a mixed mechanism of action on biological targets, we extended our developed strategy to the syntheses of new types of hydantoin-based hybrid molecules by combining hydantoin with a triazole, isoxazoline, or phosphate scaffold as a second pharmacophore to exploit their diverse biological functions.1 Introduction2 Chemistry and Properties2.1 Physical Properties2.2 Chemical Properties2.3 Biological Properties3 General Synthetic Methods4 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Hydantoins5 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Thiohydantoins6 Synthesis of Diversely Substituted Iminohydantoins7 Fused or Bicyclic (Thio)hydantoins8 Di- or Multivalent (Thio)hydantoins9 Hydantoin-Based Hybrid Molecules9.1 Hydantoin–Isooxazoline Hybrids9.2 Hydantoin–Triazole Hybrids9.3 Hydantoin–Phosphate Hybrids: Phosphorylated Hydantoins10 Summary and Outlook
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Sierra AF, Hernández-Alonso D, Romero MA, González-Delgado JA, Pischel U, Ballester P. Optical Supramolecular Sensing of Creatinine. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4276-4284. [PMID: 32045249 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calix[4]pyrrole phosphonate-cavitands were used as receptors for the design of supramolecular sensors for creatinine and its lipophilic derivative hexylcreatinine. The sensing principle is based on indicator displacement assays of an inherently fluorescent guest dye or a black-hole quencher from the receptor's cavity by means of competition with the creatinine analytes. The systems were thermodynamically and kinetically characterized regarding their 1:1 binding properties by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 31P NMR), isothermal titration calorimetry, and optical spectroscopies (UV/vis absorption and fluorescence). For the use of the black-hole indicator dye, the calix[4]pyrrole was modified with a dansyl chromophore as a signaling unit that engages in Förster resonance energy transfer with the indicator dye. The 1:1 binding constants of the indicator dyes are in the range of 107 M-1, while hexylcreatinine showed values around (2-4) × 105 M-1. The competitive displacement of the indicators by hexylcreatinine produced supramolecular fluorescence turn-on sensors that work at micromolar analyte concentrations that are compatible with those observed for healthy as well as sick patients. The limit of detection for one of the systems reached submicromolar ranges (110 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés F Sierra
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Departament de Quı́mica Analı́tica i Quı́mica Orgànica, c/Marcel·lí Domingo, 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Daniel Hernández-Alonso
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Romero
- CIQSO - Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, E-21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - José A González-Delgado
- CIQSO - Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, E-21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO - Center for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, E-21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avgda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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