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Yamagishi A, Egoshi Y, Fujiwara MT, Suzuki N, Taniguchi T, Itoh RD, Suzuki Y, Masuyama Y, Monde K, Usuki T. Total Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and Phytotoxic Activity of Foeniculoxin. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203396. [PMID: 36354746 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Foeniculoxin is a major phytotoxin produced by Italian strains of Phomopsis foeniculi. The first total synthesis is described utilizing the ene reaction and Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction as key steps. The absolute configuration of the C6' was determined using chiral separation and an advanced Mosher's method. The phytotoxicity of the synthesized compound was demonstrated via syringe-based infiltration into Chenopodium album and Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Synthetic foeniculoxin induced various defects in A. thaliana leaf cells before lesion formation, including protein leakage into the cytoplasm from both chloroplasts and mitochondria and mitochondrial rounding and swelling. Furthermore, foeniculoxin and the antibiotic hygromycin B caused similar agglomeration of mitochondria around chloroplasts, highlighting this event as a common component in the early stages of plant cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Yamagishi
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yuki Egoshi
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Makoto T Fujiwara
- Plant Functions Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Suzuki
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Tohru Taniguchi
- Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 11, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ryuuichi D Itoh
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Yumiko Suzuki
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Masuyama
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Frontier Research Center for Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 11, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Toyonobu Usuki
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Materials and Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan
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