1
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Dawood KM, Alaasar M. Transition Metals Catalyzed Heteroannulation Reactions in Aqueous Medium. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M. Dawood
- Cairo University Faculty of Science Chemistry Giza street 12613 Giza EGYPT
| | - Mohamed Alaasar
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Faculty I of Natural Science - Biological Science: Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultat I Biowissenschaften Institute of Chemistry Halle GERMANY
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2
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Kshirsagar N, Sonawane R, Pathan S, Kamble G, Pal Singh G. A Review on Synthetic Approaches of Phenanthridine. LETT ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178618666210218211424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
The phenanthridine family is widely found in medicinal chemistry and material science because
of the biological activity and its presence in a variety of significant natural products and synthetic
dye stuffs. The phenanthridine has many clinical applications, for e.g., being used as an anticancer agent,
possessing antibacterial, antiprotozoal, pharmaceutical, and optoelectronic properties. Many methods
have been reported for the synthesis of phenanthridine and phenanthridine alkaloids, such as Pd catalyzed
C-C bond formation, a reaction involving C-H activation, radical, microwave-assisted, transition
metal-catalyzed, one-pot cascade, benzyne mediated, photochemical, hypervalent iodine promoted methods,
etc. Here, we have summarized the literature data from 2014 to the present concerning novel or
improved synthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sultan Pathan
- Department of Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles
University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ganesh Kamble
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka University, ISIR 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki,
Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Girdhar Pal Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles
University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
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3
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Ntsimango S, Ngwira KJ, Bode ML, de Koning CB. Synthesis of phenanthridines via a novel photochemically-mediated cyclization and application to the synthesis of triphaeridine. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2340-2347. [PMID: 34621397 PMCID: PMC8450941 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Readily synthesized biphenyl-2-carbaldehyde O-acetyl oximes were exposed to UV radiation affording phenanthridines. The scope and limitations of this novel reaction were explored. For example, exposure of 2',3'-dimethoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carbaldehyde O-acetyl oxime to UV radiation afforded 4-methoxyphenanthridine in 54% yield. This methodology was applied to the synthesis of trisphaeridine to afford the product in four linear steps in an overall yield of 6.5% from 1-bromo-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songeziwe Ntsimango
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kennedy J Ngwira
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Moira L Bode
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Charles B de Koning
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
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4
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Váňa L, Jakubec M, Sýkora J, Císařová I, Storch J, Církva V. Synthesis of Aza[ n]phenacenes ( n = 4-6) via Photocyclodehydrochlorination of 2-Chloro- N-aryl-1-naphthamides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13252-13264. [PMID: 34533022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel methodology for the synthesis of aza[n]phenacenes was successfully developed utilizing photocyclodehydrochlorination reaction of 2-chloro-N-aryl-1-naphthamides. In these key intermediates, the factors influencing the photoreaction were studied. The target aza[n]phenacenes were obtained by triflation or chlorination from prepared phenanthridinones, followed by hydrogenation. The introduction of a nitrogen atom into a phenacene skeleton induced changes in the physicochemical properties. The important properties of prepared aza[n]phenacenes (n = 4-6) were studied experimentally and by density functional theory calculations and were compared to those of their carbo analogues. Furthermore, some important features of the crystalline aza[n]phenacenes were investigated, including intermolecular interaction in the crystal lattice and the increased solubility or decreased melting points.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan Sýkora
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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5
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Reina A, Dang-Bao T, Guerrero-Ríos I, Gómez M. Palladium and Copper: Advantageous Nanocatalysts for Multi-Step Transformations. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1891. [PMID: 34443727 PMCID: PMC8401531 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles have been deeply studied in the last few decades due to their attractive physical and chemical properties, finding a wide range of applications in several fields. Among them, well-defined nano-structures can combine the main advantages of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts. Especially, catalyzed multi-step processes for the production of added-value chemicals represent straightforward synthetic methodologies, including tandem and sequential reactions that avoid the purification of intermediate compounds. In particular, palladium- and copper-based nanocatalysts are often applied, becoming a current strategy in the sustainable synthesis of fine chemicals. The rational tailoring of nanosized materials involving both those immobilized on solid supports and liquid phases and their applications in organic synthesis are herein reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Reina
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Trung Dang-Bao
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University—Ho Chi Minh City (VNU—HCM), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Itzel Guerrero-Ríos
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Nuclear, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Montserrat Gómez
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Toulouse 3—Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5069, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France;
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6
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Selective formation of a phenathridine derivative by photodegradation of azilsartan. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 41:128011. [PMID: 33811993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Photodegradation of azilsartan produces a phenanthridine derivative, with its molecular structure determined by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This structure is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and alternative synthesis. The phenanthridine ring formation is explained through the ring closure of an imidoylnitrene intermediate produced by decarboxylation of the 5-oxo-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring (oxadiazolone).
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7
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Dende SK, Korupolu RB, Doddipalla R, Leleti KR. Microwave assisted synthesis of phenanthridine derivatives via Suzuki coupling and condensation. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2021.100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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8
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Zhang Y, Ding Y, Chen R, Ma Y. One‐pot Cascade Reaction for the Synthesis of Phenanthridines via Suzuki Coupling/C−H Oxidation/Aromatization. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Ding
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
| | - Rener Chen
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmin Ma
- Institute of Advanced Studies and School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering Taizhou University 1139 Shifu Avenue Taizhou, 318000 People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou 310053 People's Republic of China
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9
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Janke S, Boldt S, Ghazargan K, Ehlers P, Villinger A, Langer P. Synthesis of Benzoacridines and Benzophenanthridines by Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions Followed by Acid-Mediated Cycloisomerizations. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Janke
- Institute of Chemistry; University Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Sebastian Boldt
- Institute of Chemistry; University Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Karapet Ghazargan
- Institute of Chemistry; Yerevan State University; 1 Alek Manukyan St 0025 Yerevan Armenia
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institute of Chemistry; University Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institute of Chemistry; University Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institute of Chemistry; University Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis at the University of Rostock e.V. (LIKAT); Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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10
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Abstract
The use of transition-metal nanoparticles in catalysis has attracted much interest, and their use in carbon-carbon coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira, Stille, Hiyama, and Ullmann coupling reactions constitutes one of their most important applications. The transition-metal nanoparticles are considered as one of the green catalysts because they show high catalytic activity for several reactions in water. This review is devoted to the catalytic system developed in the past 10 years in transition-metal nanoparticles-catalyzed carbon-carbon coupling reactions such as Suzuki, Heck, Sonogashira, Stille, Hiyama, and Ullmann coupling reactions in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Ohtaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
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11
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Hydrophilic Pd-phosphines catalyzed one-pot synthesis of substituted isoquinolines, furopyridines and thienopyridines in aqueous medium. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Ghosh M, Ray JK. Ten years advancement in the synthetic applications of 2-bromo-cyclohexenecarbaldehydes and 2-bromobenzaldehydes and derived substrates under palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling conditions. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Murase T, Suto T, Suzuki H. Azahelicenes from the Oxidative Photocyclization of Boron Hydroxamate Complexes. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:726-729. [PMID: 28244263 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic hydroxamic acids (Ar-CO-NOH-Ar') were used as bidentate chelating ligands to generate the corresponding boron hydroxamate complexes, which were subsequently transformed into nitrogen-containing helicenes (azahelicenes) using an oxidative photocyclization method that is frequently used for stilbene-type (Ar-CH=CH-Ar') precursors of carbohelicenes. The nitrogen atom of the hydroxamate linker was thus directly embedded into the helicene core without using nitrogen-containing aromatic rings in the stilbene-type precursors. In a batch photoreaction, aza[4]helicenes were readily and efficiently prepared, but aza[6]helicenes underwent severe decomposition upon irradiation. Alternatively, a continuous flow photoreactor was employed to furnish an amide-type aza[6]helicene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murase
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
| | - Toru Suto
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
| | - Honoka Suzuki
- Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
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14
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Hossaini Z, Zareyee D, Soltani S, Sadati Seyedmahaleh SA. ZnO Nanoparticle as a Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Thiazolo Isoquinolines and Thiazolo Quinolines. J Heterocycl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zinatossadat Hossaini
- Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch; Islamic Azad University; P.O. Box 163 Qaemshahr Iran
| | - Daryoush Zareyee
- Department of Chemistry, Qaemshahr Branch; Islamic Azad University; P.O. Box 163 Qaemshahr Iran
| | - Saeid Soltani
- Department of Biology, Qaemshahr Branch; Islamic Azad University; P.O. Box 163 Qaemshahr Iran
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15
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Reddy AGK, Krishna J, Satyanarayana G. One-pot Jeffery-Heck and Reduction Sequence: Synthesis of Alcohols and Applied to the Synthesis of Flavan Natural Products. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alavala Gopi Krishna Reddy
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Hyderabad; Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana INDIA
| | - Jonnada Krishna
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Hyderabad; Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana INDIA
| | - Gedu Satyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology; Hyderabad; Kandi - 502 285, Sangareddy, Telangana INDIA
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16
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Borah A, Gogoi P. Cascade C-C and C-N Bond Formation: A Straightforward Synthesis of Phenanthridines and Fused Quinolines. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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17
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Brodnik H, Požgan F, Štefane B. Synthesis of 8-heteroaryl nitroxoline analogues via one-pot sequential Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1969-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02364e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of 8-heteroaryl substituted quinolines were prepared, either by direct C–H arylation of five-membered heteroarenes, or Pd-catalyzed coupling of organoboron reagents with bromoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Brodnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Franc Požgan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
| | - Bogdan Štefane
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- University of Ljubljana
- SI-1000 Ljubljana
- Slovenia
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18
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Han W, Zhou X, Yang S, Xiang G, Cui B, Chen Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution/C–H Activation/Aromatization Cascade Reaction: One Approach To Construct 6-Unsubstituted Phenanthridines. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11580-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Siyi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Guangyan Xiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Baodong Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, P. R. China
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19
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Tummatorn J, Krajangsri S, Norseeda K, Thongsornkleeb C, Ruchirawat S. A new synthetic approach to 6-unsubstituted phenanthridine and phenanthridine-like compounds under mild and metal-free conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5077-81. [PMID: 24914621 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00797b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A new and mild synthetic approach for the synthesis of 6-unsubstituted phenanthridine and phenanthridine-like compounds under metal-free conditions at room temperature has been developed. The strategy involved a tandem azide rearrangement/intramolecular annulation and oxidation reactions of biarylmethyl azide precursors to obtain the desired products in up to 99% yields with high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumreang Tummatorn
- Chulabhorn Research Institute, 54 Kamphaeng Phet 6, Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Thailand.
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20
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Krishna J, Niharika P, Satyanarayana G. Sequential one-pot approach for the synthesis of functionalized phthalans via Heck-reduction–cyclization (HRC) reactions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00955c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient and practical method is described for the direct synthesis of 1,3-dihydroisobenzofurans, an important structural motif present in biologically active natural or synthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonnada Krishna
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad
- Ordnance Factory Estate Campus
- Medak District
- India
| | - Pedireddi Niharika
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad
- Ordnance Factory Estate Campus
- Medak District
- India
| | - Gedu Satyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Hyderabad
- Ordnance Factory Estate Campus
- Medak District
- India
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21
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Tumir LM, Radić Stojković M, Piantanida I. Come-back of phenanthridine and phenanthridinium derivatives in the 21st century. Beilstein J Org Chem 2014; 10:2930-54. [PMID: 25550761 PMCID: PMC4273281 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenanthridine derivatives are one of the most intensively studied families of biologically active compounds with efficient DNA binding capability. Attracting attention since DNA structure discovery (1960s), they were early recognized as a symbol of DNA intercalative binding, for many decades applied as gold-standard DNA- and RNA-fluorescent markers (ethidium bromide), probes for cell viability (propidium iodide), but also “ill-famed” for various toxic (genotoxic) and mutagenic effects. After two decades of low interest, the discovery of phenanthridine alkaloids and new studies of antiparasitic/antitumor properties of phenanthridine derivatives resulted in the strong increase of the scientific interest about the turn of this century. Here are summarized phenanthridine-related advances in the 21st century (2000-present period) with emphasis on the supramolecular interactions and bioorganic chemistry, as well as novel or improved synthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija-Marija Tumir
- Laboratory for Study of Interactions of Biomacromolecules, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, PO Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Radić Stojković
- Laboratory for Study of Interactions of Biomacromolecules, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, PO Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Laboratory for Study of Interactions of Biomacromolecules, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, PO Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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23
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Rao MLN, Dhanorkar RJ. Atom-economic threefold cross-couplings of triarylbismuth reagents with 2-halobenzaldehydes and pot-economic in situ Wittig functionalizations with phosphonium salts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13348j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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24
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Dhara S, Singha R, Nuree Y, Ray JK. One-pot synthesis of isoquinoline and related compounds via Cu-mediated tandem cross-coupling and cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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