A scalable process for the synthesis of (E)-pterostilbene involving aqueous Wittig olefination chemistry

Synthesis, biological evaluation, and in silico study of novel library sulfonates containing quinazolin-4(3H)-one derivatives as potential aldose reductase inhibitors

A series of novel sulfonates containing quinazolin-4(3H)-one ring derivatives was designed to inhibit aldose reductase (ALR2, EC 1.1.1.21). Novel quinazolinone derivatives (1-21) were synthesized from the reaction of sulfonated aldehydes with 3-amino-2-alkylquinazolin-4(3H)-ones in glacial acetic acid with good yields (85%-94%). The structures of the novel molecules were characterized using IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and HRMS. All the novel quinazolinones (1-21) demonstrated nanomolar levels of inhibitory activity against ALR2 (KI s are in the range of 101.50-2066.00 nM). Besides, 4-[(2-isopropyl-4-oxoquinazolin-3[4H]-ylimino)methyl]phenyl benzenesulfonate (15) showed higher inhibitor activity inhibited ALR2 up to 7.7-fold compared to epalrestat, a standard inhibitor. Binding interactions between ALR2 and quinazolinones have been investigated using Schrödinger Small-Molecule Drug Discovery Suite 2021-1, reported possible inhibitor-ALR2 interactions. Both in vitro and in silico study results suggest that these quinazolin-4(3H)-one ring derivatives (1-21) require further molecular modification to improve their drug nominee potency as an ALR2 inhibitor.

Gastrointestinal biotransformation and tissue distribution of pterostilbene after long-term dietary administration in mice

The metabolic fate of dietary compounds is closely related to their biological functions. Pterostilbene (PT) is a methylated stilbene found in many plant foods. Herein, we investigated gastrointestinal biotransformation and tissue distribution of PT in mice fed with 0.05% PT (w/w) for 5 weeks. PT and its major metabolites i.e. PT sulfate (PT-S), pinostilbene, pinostilbene sulfate, hydroxylated PT and hydroxylated PT sulfate were identified and quantified in the mucosa and content of the digestive tissues, blood, urine and vital organs. The results showed PT underwent demethylation, hydroxylation and conjugation in the small intestine, while the conjugated metabolites were largely deconjugated in the colon. Anaerobic fermentation with mouse cecal bacteria demonstrated the microbiota mediated deconjugation and demethylation of PT-S and PT, respectively. In conclusion, oral consumption of PT led to extensive biotransformation in mouse gastrointestinal tract and the metabolites of PT might play important roles in the bioactivity of PT.

Trapping para-Quinone Methide Intermediates with Ferrocene: Synthesis and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of New Phenol-Ferrocene Conjugates

The reaction of para-hydroxybenzyl alcohols with ferrocene in the presence of a catalytic amount of InCl₃ provided ferrocenyl phenol derivatives, an interesting class of organometallic compounds with potential applications in medicinal chemistry. This transformation exhibited a reasonable substrate scope delivering the desired products in synthetically useful yields. Evidence of involvement of a para-quinone methide intermediate in this coupling process was also provided. Preliminary biological evaluation demonstrated that some of the ferrocene derivatives available by this methodology exhibit significant cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines with IC50 values within the range of 1.07⁻4.89 μM.

Molecular modeling studies and in vitro screening of dihydrorugosaflavonoid and its derivatives against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Novel drug regimens against tuberculosis (TB) are urgently needed and may be developed by targeting essential enzymes of Mtb that sustain the pathogenicity of tuberculosis. Dihydrorugosaflavonoid interacted with the active pocket of MabA and PanK.

Synthetic approaches toward stilbenes and their related structures

Compounds belonging to the stilbene family have gained remarkable significance in pharmaceutical as well as material chemistry. The current review covers the various synthetic approaches for the syntheses of stilbene scaffold and related structures over last 30 years. In addition, this review also highlights the role of stilbene intermediates used in the synthesis of important molecules with diverse applications in the field of pharmaceutics and material science.

First synthesis of rugosaflavonoid and its derivatives and their activity against breast cancer

Ligand interaction of 6f with 1M17.

Room-temperature and transition-metal-free Mizoroki-Heck-type reaction. Synthesis of E-stilbenes by photoinduced C-H functionalization

We report a conceptually different approach toward E-stilbene syntheses by photoinduced direct C-H arylation of alkenes at rt without the addition of transition metals, with a broad range of aryl halides, including ArI, ArBr, and even ArCl. This is the first time that this reaction has been produced without extra solvent but with 18-crown-6 ether and t-BuOK in only 15 min of reaction.