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Desenko SM, Gorobets MY, Lipson VV, Sakhno YI, Chebanov VA. Dihydroazolopyrimidines: Past, Present and Perspectives in Synthesis, Green Chemistry and Drug Discovery. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300244. [PMID: 37668291 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroazolopyrimidines are an important class of heterocycles that are isosteric to natural purines and are therefore of great interest primarily as drug-like molecules. In contrast to the heteroaromatic analogs, synthetic approaches to these compounds were developed much later, and their chemical properties and biological activity have not been studied in detail until recently. In the review, different ways to build dihydroazolopyrimidine systems from different building blocks are described - via the initial formation of a partially hydrogenated pyrimidine ring or an azole ring, as well as a one-pot assembly of azole and azine fragments. Special attention is given to modern approaches: multicomponent reactions, green chemistry, and the use of non-classical activation methods. Information on the chemical properties of dihydroazolopyrimidines and the prospects for their use in the design of drugs of various profiles are also summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhiy M Desenko
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Mykola Yu Gorobets
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Victoria V Lipson
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
- Faculty of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody sq. 4, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61022
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, State Institution "V. Ya. Danilevsky Institute for Endocrine Pathology Problems" NAMS of Ukraine, Alchevskikh St. 10, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61002
| | - Yana I Sakhno
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
| | - Valentyn A Chebanov
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" NAS of Ukraine, Nauky ave. 60, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61072
- Faculty of Chemistry, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Svobody sq. 4, Kharkiv, Ukraine, 61022
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Galarraga E, Santorelli AE, Urdaneta N, Cibati AR, Delgado MV, Díaz-Pérez LJ, Milano-Franco L, Benaim G. Synthesis of novel 6-substituted-3-formyl chromone derivatives as anti-leishmanial agents and their possible mechanism of action in Leishmania donovani. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Kumar H, Das R, Choithramani A, Gupta A, Khude D, Bothra G, Shard A. Efficient Green Protocols for the Preparation of Pyrazolopyrimidines. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hansal Kumar
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Rudradip Das
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Asmita Choithramani
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Astha Gupta
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Datta Khude
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Gourav Bothra
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Amit Shard
- Dept. of Medicinal Chemistry National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad Opposite Air force Station, Palaj Gandhinagar Gujarat 382355 India
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Reactions of β-Carbonyl-Substituted 4H-chromenes and 1H-benzo[f]Chromenes with 5-aminopyrazoles. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-02908-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Navari R, Balalaie S, Mehrparvar S, Darvish F, Rominger F, Hamdan F, Mirzaie S. Efficient synthesis of pyrazolopyridines containing a chromane backbone through domino reaction. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:874-880. [PMID: 31019580 PMCID: PMC6466694 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient approach for the synthesis of pyrazolopyridines containing the aminochromane motif through a base-catalyzed cyclization reaction is reported. The synthesis was carried out through a three-component reaction of (arylhydrazono)methyl-4H-chromen-4-one, malononitrile, primary amines in the presence of Et3N at room temperature. However, carrying out the reaction under the same conditions without base led to a fused chromanyl-cyanopyridine. High selectivity, high atom economy, and good to high yields in addition to mild reaction conditions are the advantages of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Navari
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226
| | - Saeed Balalaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saber Mehrparvar
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226
| | - Fatemeh Darvish
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universitaet Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fatima Hamdan
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226
| | - Sattar Mirzaie
- Peptide Chemistry Research Center, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, P. O. Box 15875-4416, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98-21-23064226
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Crystal structure of methyl 2-(4-(3-(1-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5- a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)acetate, C 19H 17N 5O 2. Z KRIST-NEW CRYST ST 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ncrs-2018-0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
C19H17N5O2, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 14.734(6) Å, b = 13.565(5) Å, c = 33.385(12) Å, β = 91.311(9)°, V = 6671(4) Å3, Z = 16, R
gt(F) = 0.0638, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1783, T = 293(2) K.
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Santos CMM, Silva VLM, Silva AMS. Synthesis of Chromone-Related Pyrazole Compounds. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101665. [PMID: 28981465 PMCID: PMC6151840 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromones, six-membered oxygen heterocycles, and pyrazoles, five-membered two-adjacent-nitrogen-containing heterocycles, represent two important classes of biologically active compounds. Certain derivatives of these scaffolds play an important role in medicinal chemistry and have been extensively used as versatile building blocks in organic synthesis. In this context, we will discuss the most relevant advances on the chemistry that involves both chromone and pyrazole rings. The methods reviewed include the synthesis of chromone-pyrazole dyads, synthesis of chromone-pyrazole-fused compounds, and chromones as starting materials in the synthesis of 3(5)-(2-hydroxyaryl)pyrazoles, among others. This review will cover the literature on the chromone and pyrazole dual chemistry and their outcomes in the 21st century.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clementina M M Santos
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Vera L M Silva
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Artur M S Silva
- School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Zimmerman JR, Johntony O, Steigerwald D, Criss C, Myers BJ, Kinder DH. The Synthesis of a New Class of Highly Fluorescent Chromones via an Inverse-Demand Hetero-Diels-Alder Reaction. Org Lett 2015; 17:3256-9. [PMID: 26102589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A new class of fluorophores has been developed utilizing an inverse-demand hetero-Diels-Alder reaction with silyl enol ethers and substituted 3-formylchromones. These compounds yield blue to green fluorescence with quantum yields up to 73%. They also exhibit good potential for use as fluorescent probes in biological systems, as they are cell membrane permeable with low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake R Zimmerman
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
| | - Olivia Johntony
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
| | - Daniel Steigerwald
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
| | - Cody Criss
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
| | - Brian J Myers
- †Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
| | - David H Kinder
- ‡Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Ohio Northern University, Ada, Ohio 45810, United States
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