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Yaragorla S, Tiwari D, Lone MS. Mechanochemical Cascade Cyclization of Cyclopropyl Ketones with 1,2-Diamino Arenes for the Direct Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Benzimidazoles†. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9427-9439. [PMID: 38905327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
A mechanochemical synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles from donor-acceptor cyclopropyl ketones and 1,2-diaminoarenes under metal-free and solventless conditions is reported. The reaction does not require inert conditions and is promoted by a stoichiometric amount of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol. This cascade reaction involves ring-opening, cyclization, and retro-Mannich reaction of cyclopropyl ketones with aryl 1,2-diamines. Compared to its solution-phase counterpart, this mechanochemical approach shows fast reactivity (24 vs 1.5 h). Mechanistic investigations by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry helped us to propose the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Yaragorla
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Divyanshu Tiwari
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Mehak Saba Lone
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
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2
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White CM, Cazares S, Gonzalez-Cortes ED, Driver TG. Iodine(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of Aryl Amines to Construct N-Alkylbenzimidazoles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6590-6601. [PMID: 38613505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
An I(III)-catalyzed oxidative cyclization reaction using selectfluor as the oxidant was developed that converts ortho-substituted anilines to benzimidazoles. The mild reaction requires as little as 0.5 mol % of iodobenzene, and its scope is broad: electron-withdrawing or electron-releasing groups on the aniline portion are tolerated, and cyclic or acyclic N-alkylamines are permitted as ortho-substituents. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest that benzimidazole formation occurs via cationic reactive intermediates, and an intramolecular kinetic isotope effect of 1.98 ± 0.05 was measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Margaret White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Sherlyn Cazares
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Efren D Gonzalez-Cortes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
| | - Tom G Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607-7061, United States
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3
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Shaikh A, Ravi O, Pushpa Ragini S, Sadhana N, Reddy Bathula S. Benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles from styrenes and N-vinylimidazole via palladium catalysed oxidative C C and C N bond cleavage. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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4
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Khan D, Ahmed N, Alsharif MA, Alahmdi MI, Mukhtar S. SeO
2
Mediated Synthesis of Selected Heterocycles by Oxidative C−C Bond Cleavage of AcetophenoneDerivatives. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danish Khan
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee- 247 667 Uttarakhand India
| | - Naseem Ahmed
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee- 247 667 Uttarakhand India
| | - Meshari A. Alsharif
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Tabuk Tabuk- 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Issa Alahmdi
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Tabuk Tabuk- 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayeed Mukhtar
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Tabuk Tabuk- 71491, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Zhang T, Qiao J, Song H, Xu F, Liu X, Xu C, Ma J, Liu H, Sun Z, Chu W. Cu(OAc)2-Mediated benzimidazole-directed C–H cyanation using 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)acetonitrile as the cyano source. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00776h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The C–H activation catalytic system was originally applied to the C(sp2)–H cyanation of aryls/heteroaryls to synthesize 2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)aryl nitriles.
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6
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Samanta PK, Banerjee R, Richards RM, Biswas P. Mesoporous silica supported ytterbium as catalyst for synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazoles and 2-substituted benzimidazoles. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Partha Kumar Samanta
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur; Howrah 711 103 West Bengal India
| | - Rumeli Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur; Howrah 711 103 West Bengal India
| | - Ryan M. Richards
- Department of Chemistry; Colorado School of Mines; Golden CO 80401 USA
| | - Papu Biswas
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur; Howrah 711 103 West Bengal India
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7
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Ravi O, Shaikh A, Upare A, Singarapu KK, Bathula SR. Benzimidazoles from Aryl Alkyl Ketones and 2-Amino Anilines by an Iodine Catalyzed Oxidative C(CO)–C(alkyl) Bond Cleavage. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4422-4428. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Owk Ravi
- Division
of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Altab Shaikh
- Division
of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Atul Upare
- Division
of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Singarapu
- Centre
for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Surendar Reddy Bathula
- Division
of Natural Products Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India
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8
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Hao S, Liu Y, Shang C, Liang Z, Yu J. CO2 adsorption and catalytic application of imidazole ionic liquid functionalized porous organic polymers. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py02091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A class of imidazole ionic liquid functionalized porous organic polymers has been synthesized by the Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction. The resulting materials show high CO2 uptake and catalytic activity in the syntheses of benzimidazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Hao
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Yuchuan Liu
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Chuning Shang
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liang
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Lab of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- P. R. China
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9
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Liang Y, Wang J, Cheng C, Jing H. Lewis acidic ionic liquids of crown ether complex cations: preparation and applications in organic reactions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21947k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New Lewis acidic ionic liquids composed of crown ether complex cations were designed, synthesised and characterised by Raman, MS, FT-IR, TGA-DSC and elemental analysis. They have been successfully used in various organic reactions as catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- Gansu 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Jinyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- Gansu 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- Gansu 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Huangwang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University
- Gansu 730000
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion
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10
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Alapati MLPR, Abburi SR, Mukkamala SB, Krishnaji Rao M. Simple and Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzimidazoles from θ-Diaminoarene and Aryl Aldehydes. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2015.1083581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Lee DS, Amara Z, Poliakoff M, Harman T, Reid G, Rhodes B, Brough S, McInally T, Woodward S. Investigating Scale-Up and Further Applications of DABAL-Me3 Promoted Amide Synthesis. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Darren S. Lee
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Zacharias Amara
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Poliakoff
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Harman
- Aesica Pharmaceuticals
Ltd., Quorum Business Park, Benton
Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE12 8BS, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Reid
- Aesica Pharmaceuticals
Ltd., Quorum Business Park, Benton
Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE12 8BS, United Kingdom
| | - Barrie Rhodes
- Aesica Pharmaceuticals
Ltd., Quorum Business Park, Benton
Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE12 8BS, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Brough
- Key Organics Ltd., Highfield Road Industrial Estate, Camelford, Cornwall, PL32 9RA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas McInally
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Woodward
- School
of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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