1
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Kapidou E, Litinas KE. An Overview of the Synthesis of 3,4-Fused Pyrrolocoumarins of Biological Interest. Molecules 2024; 29:2748. [PMID: 38930816 PMCID: PMC11206682 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
3,4-Fused pyrrolocoumarins, synthetically prepared or naturally occurring, possess interesting biological properties. In this review, the synthetic strategies for the synthesis of the title compounds are presented along with their biological activities. Two routes are followed for that synthesis. In one, the pyrrole ring is formed from coumarin derivatives, such as aminocoumarins or other coumarins. In the other approach, the pyranone moiety is built from an existing pyrrole derivative or through the simultaneous formation of coumarin and pyrrole frameworks. The above syntheses are achieved via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, Michael reaction, aza-Claisen rearrangement reactions, multi-component reactions (MCR), as well as metal-catalyzed reactions. Pyrrolocoumarins present cytotoxic, antifungal, antibacterial, α-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant, lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition, and fluorescent activities, as well as benzodiazepine receptor ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos E. Litinas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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2
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Sun J, Li Z, Huang X, Ke Z, Chen Z. Silver-catalyzed C-3 arylthiodifluoromethylation and aryloxydifluoromethylation of coumarins. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4421-4426. [PMID: 35583266 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile silver-catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of arylthiodifluoroacetic acids or aryloxydifluoroacetic acids with coumarins/quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones was developed. This transformation provided a series of C-3 aryloxydifluoromethylated or arylthiodifluoromethylated coumarins/quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones containing various functional groups in moderate to good yields, featuring good functional group tolerance, easily accessible starting materials and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Ziwei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwei Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China.
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3
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Chen Z, Zeng P, Zhang S, Sun J. Recent Advances in Organic Synthesis of 3-Amino- or 4-Aminocoumarins. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x18666211001124004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Coumarin is a privileged scaffold that contains the unique 2H-chromen-2-one motif, and its
derivatives are widely distributed in nature, especially in plants. In recent years, due to their diverse
pharmacological activities and remarkable photochemical properties, they have attracted significant
attention from scientists, which has also prompted the research on the synthesis approaches and the
availability of substrates for these compounds. This article is a brief description of the methods for the
synthesis of various coumarin derivatives via two- or multi-component reactions involving 3-amino
or 4-aminocoumarin reported during 2015-2021. This review may help expand the development of
various analogues with coumarin as the basic unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Piaopiao Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, and Institute of Drug Synthesis, Zhejiang University
of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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4
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5
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Zeng P, Huang X, Tang W, Chen Z. Copper-catalyzed cascade radical cyclization of alkynoates: construction of aryldifluoromethylated coumarins. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10223-10227. [PMID: 34806739 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A mild and simple method is reported for the construction of 3-difluoroarylmethylated coumarins using α,α-difluoroarylacetic acids as an easily handled difluoromethyl source in reaction with ester 3-arylpropiolates under the promotion of copper. The reaction involves a proposed radical-triggered domino decarboxylative aryldifluoromethylation/5-exo cyclization/ester migration process that directly forms Csp2-CF2Ar and C-C bonds with good functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piaopiao Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxiao Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Chao Wang Road 18th, 310014 Hangzhou, China.
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6
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El-Sawy ER, Abdelwahab AB, Kirsch G. Synthetic Routes to Coumarin(Benzopyrone)-Fused Five-Membered Aromatic Heterocycles Built on the α-Pyrone Moiety. Part 1: Five-Membered Aromatic Rings with One Heteroatom. Molecules 2021; 26:483. [PMID: 33477568 PMCID: PMC7831143 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review gives an up-to-date overview of the different ways (routes) to the synthesis of coumarin (benzopyrone)-fused, five-membered aromatic heterocycles with one heteroatom, built on the pyrone moiety. Covering 1966 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eslam Reda El-Sawy
- National Research Centre, Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Dokki-Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | | | - Gilbert Kirsch
- Laboratoire Lorrain de Chimie Moléculaire (L.2.C.M.), Université de Lorraine, 57050 Metz, France
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7
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Samanta K, Patra P, Kar GK, Dinda SK, Mahanty DS. Diverse synthesis of pyrrolo/indolo[3,2- c]coumarins as isolamellarin-A scaffolds: a brief update. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06267g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This review presents a different synthetic approach of pyrrolo/indolo[3,2-c]coumarins via classical reactions including metal-catalyzed and green reaction protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khokan Samanta
- Department of Chemistry
- Haldia Government College
- Purba Medinipur
- India
| | - Prasanta Patra
- Department of Chemistry
- Jhargram Raj College
- Jhargram 721507
- India
| | | | - Shaishab Kumar Dinda
- Department of Chemistry
- Government General Degree College Datan II
- Paschim Medinipur
- India
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8
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Foroughi Kaldareh M, Mokhtary M, Nikpassand M. Nicotinic acid‐supported cobalt ferrite‐catalyzed one‐pot synthesis of substituted chromeno[3,4‐
b
]quinolines. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masoud Mokhtary
- Department of Chemistry, Rasht BranchIslamic Azad University Rasht Iran
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9
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Baral N, Mishra DR, Mishra NP, Mohapatra S, Raiguru BP, Panda P, Nayak S, Nayak M, Kumar PS. Microwave‐assisted rapid and efficient synthesis of chromene‐fused pyrrole derivatives through multicomponent reaction and evaluation of antibacterial activity with molecular docking investigation. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nilofar Baral
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack India
| | | | | | | | | | - Pravati Panda
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack India
| | - Sabita Nayak
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack India
| | - Mukesh Nayak
- Department of ChemistryRavenshaw University Cuttack India
| | - P. Sudhir Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSiksha 'O' Anusandhan University Bhubaneswar India
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10
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Abstract
Arylglyoxals are important synthons that have been used in the construction of a diverse spectrum of compounds. The use of multicomponent approaches in organic synthesis due to its environmentally friendly nature is a step forward towards sustainability. This review will offer the reader insightful perspectives on the use of arylglyoxals for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds like pyrroles, pyrazoles, furans, imidazoles, indoles, oxazoles, pyridines, quinazolines, pyrans, etc using multicomponent approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Maitreyi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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11
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Yadav A, Gudimella SK, Samanta S. An Expedient Lewis‐Acid‐Catalyzed Microwave‐Assisted Domino Approach to Coumarin‐Fused Pyrroles and Related Heterocycles under Neat Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Yadav
- Discipline of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Santosh K. Gudimella
- Discipline of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Sampak Samanta
- Discipline of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore 453552 Madhya Pradesh India
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12
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Peng F, Li L, Liu J, Chen Z. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Cross-Coupling/C−C Bond Cleavage/Cyclization of Aryl Methyl Ketones with 4-Aminocoumarins: Domino Synthesis of Dicoumarin-Fused [1,5]-Diazocines. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology.; Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
| | - Lili Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology.; Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
| | - Jin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology.; Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology.; Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
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13
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Yang X, Zheng L, Chen Z, Zhong W. Catalyst-free three-component approach to efficient synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-one derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1430237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weihui Zhong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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14
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Mukherjee S, Sarkar S, Pramanik A. A Sustainable Synthesis of Functionalized Pyrrole Fused Coumarins under Solvent-Free Conditions Using Magnetic Nanocatalyst and a New Route to Polyaromatic Indolocoumarins. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry; University of Calcutta; 92, A. P. C. Road Kolkata - 700 009 India
| | - Soumen Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Calcutta; 92, A. P. C. Road Kolkata - 700 009 India
- Department of Chemistry; Balurghat College; Dakshin Dinajpur - 733103 India
| | - Animesh Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry; University of Calcutta; 92, A. P. C. Road Kolkata - 700 009 India
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15
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Srinivasulu V, Sieburth SM, El-Awady R, Kariem NM, Tarazi H, O'Connor MJ, Al-Tel TH. Post-Ugi Cascade Transformations for Accessing Diverse Chromenopyrrole Collections. Org Lett 2018; 20:836-839. [PMID: 29327591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Employing a build/couple/pair strategy, a serendipitous one-pot protocol for the diastereoselective construction of diverse collections of chromenopyrroles is described. This methodology features an unprecedented five-step cascade including azomethine ylide generation followed by in situ intramolecular [3 + 2]-cycloaddition. Furthermore, this protocol was extended to access enantiopure chromenopyrroles using amino acids as chiral auxiliary. Moreover, postpairing reactions were employed to increase the diversity and complexity of our pilot compound collections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott McN Sieburth
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University , 201 Beury Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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16
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Iodine-catalyzed tandem oxidative coupling reaction: A one-pot strategy for the synthesis of new coumarin-fused pyrroles. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Chen Z, Ye S, Zhang X. Brønsted Acid-Promoted Multicomponent Reaction for the Construction of Pyrrolocoumarin Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Yang X, Chen Z, Zhong W. Synthesis of Chromeno[3,4‐
b
]pyrrol‐4(3
H
)‐ones through the Domino Cyclization of 3‐Aminocoumarins with Arylglyoxal Monohydrates. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of Technology Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of Technology Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
| | - Weihui Zhong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang University of Technology Chao Wang Road 18th 310014 Hangzhou China
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19
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Chen Z, Dai Z, Zhu Z, Yang X. One-pot facile synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines via tandem reaction of the Blaise reaction intermediates and 3-formylchromones. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Padilha G, Iglesias BA, Back DF, Kaufman TS, Silveira CC. Synthesis of Chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-ones, from β-Nitroalkenes and 4-Phenylaminocoumarins, under Solvent-free Conditions. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Padilha
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Bernardo A. Iglesias
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Davi F. Back
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Teodoro S. Kaufman
- Instituto de Química Rosario and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; IQUIR (CONICET-UNR), Suipacha 531 (2000); Rosario Argentina
| | - Claudio C. Silveira
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM); 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS Brazil
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21
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A regioselective synthesis of pentacyclic compounds containing coumarin, pyrrole, indene without catalysts under microwave irradiation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Saha M, Pradhan K, Das AR. Facile and eco-friendly synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-one derivatives applying magnetically recoverable nano crystalline CuFe2O4 involving a domino three-component reaction in aqueous media. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra06979g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanocrystalline CuFe2O4 catalyzed one pot three component synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]pyrrol-4(1H)-one derivatives has been achieved in aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Koyel Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Asish R. Das
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
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23
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Zheng Y, Wang Y, Zhou Z. Organocatalytic multicomponent synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles from 1,2-diones, aldehydes and arylamines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16652-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05624a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an organocatalyzed three-component reaction of 1,2-diones, aldehydes and arylamines, which provides an efficient approach to access polysubstituted pyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zheng
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Youming Wang
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
| | - Zhenghong Zhou
- Institute and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- P. R. China
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