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Watanabe T, Pisano J, Mangione C, Madalengoitia JS. 1,3-Diaza-Claisen Rearrangements of Vinyl Pyrrolidines Tethered to In Situ Generated Carbodiimides Afford Ring-Expanded [9,5]- and [9,6]-Bicyclic Guanidines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36800540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl pyrrolidines tethered to isothioureas are activated to the corresponding carbodiimides with AgOTf and Et3N. Intramolecular addition of the vinyl pyrrolidine amine to the carbodiimide followed by a 1,3-diaza-Claisen rearrangement affords [9,5]- and [9,6]-bicyclic guanidines depending on the tether length in good to excellent yields. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the pathway involving intramolecular addition of the amine to carbodiimide to afford a zwitterionic intermediate followed by the zwitterionic 1,3-diaza-Claisen rearrangement was consistently a higher energy pathway than the path involving protonation of the zwitterionic intermediate followed by the cationic 1,3-diaza-Claisen rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruki Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Joseph Pisano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Caroline Mangione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - José S Madalengoitia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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2
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Li TP, Li RS, Hu W, Xie JX, Xu M, Feng C, Ni HL, Yu WH, Hu P, Wang BQ, Cao P. Modular Synthesis of Enantioenriched α-Chiral Homoallylic Amidines Enabled by Relay Ir/Cu Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:6783-6788. [PMID: 36074995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cascade of Ir-catalyzed enantioselective allylic amination and Cu-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition was designed for the asymmetric synthesis of homoallylic amidines. The nucleophilic addition of an in situ-generated enantioenriched tertiary allylamine to a ketenimine intermediate triggers a rapid and stereospecific zwitterionic aza-Claisen rearrangement in a 1,3-chiral transfer manner. The approach allows modular access to enantioenriched α-chiral homoallylic amidines in high yields with a high level of enantiomeric purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Peng Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Ren-Sha Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Jia-Xin Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Minghui Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Chun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Hai-Liang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Wen-Hao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.,College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Ping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Bi-Qin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
| | - Peng Cao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China
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Barišić D, Cindro N, Vidović N, Bregović N, Tomišić V. Protonation and anion-binding properties of aromatic sulfonylurea derivatives. RSC Adv 2021; 11:23992-24000. [PMID: 35479025 PMCID: PMC9039416 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04738h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work the anion-binding properties of three aromatic sulfonylurea derivatives in acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide were explored by means of NMR titrations. It was found that the studied receptors effectively bind anions of low basicity (Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3 - and HSO4 -). The stoichiometry of the complexes with receptors containing one binding site was 1 : 1 exclusively, whereas in the case of the receptor containing two sulfonylurea groups 1 : 2 (receptor : anion) complexes were also detected in some cases. The presence of strongly basic anions (acetate and dihydrogen phosphate) led to the deprotonation of the sulfonylurea moiety. This completely hindered its anion-binding properties in DMSO and only proton transfer occurred upon the addition of basic anions to the studied receptors. In MeCN, a complex system of equilibria including both ligand deprotonation and anion binding was established. Since ionisation of receptors was proven to be a decisive factor defining the behaviour of the sulfonylurea receptors, their pK a values were determined using several deprotonation agents in both solvents. The results were interpreted in the context of receptor structures and solvent properties and applied for the identification of the interactions with basic anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Horvatovac 102/A 10000 Zagreb Croatia .,Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - N Cindro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Horvatovac 102/A 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - N Vidović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Horvatovac 102/A 10000 Zagreb Croatia .,Institute of Agriculture and Tourism K. Huguesa 8 52440 Poreč Croatia
| | - N Bregović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Horvatovac 102/A 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - V Tomišić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb Horvatovac 102/A 10000 Zagreb Croatia
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Luedtke MW, Pisano J, Paquin L, Walker J, Madalengoitia JS. Broadening the Scope of the Zwitterionic 1,3-Diaza-Claisen Rearrangement through a Tethering Strategy. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8197-8215. [PMID: 34105974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Expansion of the scope of the 1,3-diaza-Claisen rearrangement beyond bridged-bicyclic tertiary allylic amines has been investigated through a tethering strategy. Isothioureas tethered to tertiary allylic amines are converted to carbodiimides through a reaction with AgOTf/Et3N. Intramolecular cyclization of the tertiary allylic amine to the carbodiimide equilibrates with a zwitterionic intermediate. Heating the carbodiimide/zwitterion affords a rearrangement product. Heating carbodiimide/zwitterion with a deuterated allyl group results in the scrambling of the deuterium label, which is consistent with an ionic mechanism involving heterolytic cleavage of the allylic C-N bond, followed by trapping of the allyl cation at either terminal carbon. The ionic mechanism is attributed to silver salt contamination since pushing deuterium-labeled carbodiimide/zwitterion through silica gel prior to heating results in clean deuterium transposition consistent with a sigmatropic mechanism, and adding back silver salts results in deuterium scrambling. Overall, the tethering strategy broadens the scope of the rearrangement to simpler allylic substrates. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the sigmatropic rearrangement are in agreement with reactivity trends observed with reactions run under silver-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Luedtke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Joseph Pisano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Lucas Paquin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Joel Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - José S Madalengoitia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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Dai RH, Wang Q, Chen ZX, Tian SK. Asymmetric Aza-Claisen Rearrangement between Enantioenriched α-Chiral Allylamines and Allenones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3065-3073. [PMID: 33417470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented asymmetric aza-Claisen rearrangement between enantioenriched α-chiral allylamines and allenones was found to proceed in the absence of catalysts and additives at room temperature. The rearrangement, followed by hydrolysis, provides convenient access to structurally diverse δ-chiral β-diketones in good to excellent yields with excellent retention of enantiopurity. This protocol proved powerful for the construction of an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter with high enantiopurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Han Dai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shi-Kai Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis (CAS), and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Walker JD, Watson R, Flemer S, Yang Y, Madalengoitia JS. Intramolecular Formation of Zwitterionic Intermediates in 1,3-Diaza-Claisen Rearrangements. Org Lett 2017; 19:4010-4013. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel D. Walker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Rebecca Watson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Stevenson Flemer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - Yanbo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
| | - José S. Madalengoitia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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Chow SY, Odell LR. Synthesis of N-Sulfonyl Amidines and Acyl Sulfonyl Ureas from Sulfonyl Azides, Carbon Monoxide, and Amides. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2515-2522. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Y. Chow
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luke R. Odell
- Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Costa MV, de Sequeira Aguiar LC, Malta LFB, Viana GM, Costa BB. Simple and efficient methodology to prepare guanidines from 1,3-disubstituted thioureas. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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