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Abstract
The interest of scientists in the carbazole core has risen steadily over the last 30 years, particularly over the last decade given its presence in several active pharmaceutical ingredients, functional materials and a wide range of biologically active natural products. The continuous development of more efficient, more (regio-)selective and "greener" methodologies to access the carbazole core is thus imperative. This review compares and evaluates synthetic strategies towards the carbazole core that have been reported since 2013, with a focus on their applicability towards the total synthesis of carbazole-containing natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis A T Allen
- CheMastery, Paper Yard, 11a Quebec Way, London, SE16 7LG, UK
| | - Philipp Natho
- FLAME-Lab, Flow Chemistry and Microreactor Technology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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2
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More RR, Kadam AB, Humne VT, Junne SB. Iodine‐mediated expedient synthesis of sulfur‐nitrogen containing heteroaminals under acidic condition. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Archana B. Kadam
- P. G. Department of Chemistry Yeshwant Mahavidyalala Nanded India
| | - Vivek T. Humne
- Department of Chemistry Shri R. R. Lahoti Science College Morshi India
| | - Subhash B. Junne
- P. G. Department of Chemistry Yeshwant Mahavidyalala Nanded India
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3
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Wang Y, Li J, Han X, Wang N, Song C, Wang R, Chang J. Identification of Clausine E as an inhibitor of fat mass and obesity‐associated protein (FTO) demethylase activity. J Mol Recognit 2019; 32:e2800. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Junya Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Xinxin Han
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Chuanjun Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Ruiyong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringZhengzhou University Zhengzhou China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal University Xinxiang China
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5
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Sun Y, Zhang G. Palladium-Catalyzed Formal [4+2] Cycloaddition of Benzoic and Acrylic Acids with 1,3-Dienes via C-H Bond Activation: Efficient Access to 3,4-Dihydroisocoumarin and 5,6-Dihydrocoumalins. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road; Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road; Shanghai 200032 China
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Dalvi BA, Lokhande PD. Copper(II) catalyzed aromatization of tetrahydrocarbazole: An unprecedented protocol and its utility towards the synthesis of carbazole alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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7
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Brütting C, Fritsche RF, Kutz SK, Börger C, Schmidt AW, Kataeva O, Knölker HJ. Synthesis of 1,1′- and 2,2′-Bicarbazole Alkaloids by Iron(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of 2- and 1-Hydroxycarbazoles. Chemistry 2017; 24:458-470. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brütting
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Raphael F. Fritsche
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Sebastian K. Kutz
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Carsten Börger
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Olga Kataeva
- A. M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute; Kazan Federal University; Kremlevskaya Str. 18 Kazan 420008 Russia
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
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9
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Yan Q, Gin E, Wasinska-Kalwa M, Banwell MG, Carr PD. A Palladium-Catalyzed Ullmann Cross-Coupling/Reductive Cyclization Route to the Carbazole Natural Products 3-Methyl-9H-carbazole, Glycoborine, Glycozoline, Clauszoline K, Mukonine, and Karapinchamine A. J Org Chem 2017; 82:4148-4159. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yan
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Emma Gin
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Malgorzata Wasinska-Kalwa
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Paul D. Carr
- Research School of Chemistry,
Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Naykode MS, Tambe SD, Lokhande PD. I2-Catalyzed Total Synthesis of Collective 7-Oxygenated Carbazole Alkaloids: Clauszoline-K, -L, Clausine-M, -N and Formal Synthesis of Siamenol. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahavir S. Naykode
- Center for Advance Studies, Department of Chemistry; Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune); Pune- 411007 India
| | - Shrikant D. Tambe
- Center for Advance Studies, Department of Chemistry; Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune); Pune- 411007 India
| | - Pradeep D. Lokhande
- Center for Advance Studies, Department of Chemistry; Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune); Pune- 411007 India
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11
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Wang SK, Chen MT, Zhao DY, You X, Luo QL. Iodine-Catalyzed Oxidative Aromatization: A Metal-Free Concise Approach to meta
-Substituted Phenols from Cyclohex-2-enones. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Da-Yuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Xia You
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Qun-Li Luo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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Sravanthi K, Agrawal SK, Rao CN, Khan FA. Synthesis of carbazole analogs via Grob fragmentation of norbornyl α-diketones. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Kotha S, Saifuddin M, Aswar VR. A diversity-oriented approach to indolocarbazoles via Fischer indolization and olefin metathesis: total synthesis of tjipanazole D and I. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:9868-9873. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01679k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
New synthetic strategies to indolocarbazoles have been reported via two-fold Fischer indolization under green conditions using l-(+)-tartaric acid and N,N-dimethyl urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Mohammad Saifuddin
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Vikas R. Aswar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai
- Mumbai
- India
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