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Aluminum-Catalyzed Cross Selective C3–N1′ Coupling Reactions of N-Methoxyindoles with Indoles. CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry5010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
C3–N1′ bond formation of bisindoles has been a great challenge due to the intrinsic reactivity of indoles as both C3 and N1-nucleophilic character. Herein, we demonstrate an C3–N1′ cross-coupling reaction of indoles using N-methoxyindoles as N-electrophilic indole reagents in the presence of Lewis acid. The bisindoles generated in this transformation are latent C3-nucleophile, allowing them to be used as strategic intermediates in sequential C3–N1′–C3′–N1″ triindole formations. The potential synthetic usefulness of this sequential transformation was highlighted upon application to the construction of C3–N1 looped polyindoles.
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2
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Yamada T, Arai K, Kikuchi R, Okamoto S. Deuteration of Indole Compounds: Synthesis of Deuterated Auxins, Indole-3-acetic Acid-d5 and Indole-3-butyric Acid-d5. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19956-19963. [PMID: 34368582 PMCID: PMC8340417 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a practical and facile synthesis of deuterium-labeled indoles via acid-catalyzed hydrogen-deuterium exchange. 3-Substituted indoles were efficiently deuterated through treatment with 20 wt % D2SO4 in CD3OD at 60-90 °C. A deuterium incorporation reaction of 3-unsubstituted indoles was accomplished through treatment with CD3CO2D at 150 °C. The in situ preparation of a 20 wt % D2SO4/CH3OD/D2O solution enabled a large-scale and low-cost synthesis of auxins, indole-3-acetic acid-d5 and indole-3-butyric acid-d5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamada
- Department
of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa
University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Kazuki Arai
- Department
of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa
University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Rie Kikuchi
- Faculty
of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
| | - Sentaro Okamoto
- Department
of Materials and Life Chemistry, Kanagawa
University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan
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3
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Atia AA, Kimura M. Pd-porphyrin complex-catalyzed allylation of indole with allylic alcohols through C3–C2 coupling. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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4
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Bonandi E, Perdicchia D, Colombo E, Foschi F, Marzullo P, Passarella D. Catalytic C3 aza-alkylation of indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:6211-6235. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01094d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aza-alkylation reaction at position 3 of the indole scaffold allows the introduction of a differently substituted aminomethyl group, with the formation of a stereogenic centre. Critical summary of 2000–2019 meaningful papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bonandi
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Dario Perdicchia
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Eleonora Colombo
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Francesca Foschi
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
| | - Paola Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- Milan
- Italy
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5
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Hirao S, Yamashiro T, Kohira K, Mishima N, Abe T. 2,3-Dimethoxyindolines: a latent electrophile for SNAr reactions triggered by indium catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5139-5142. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01210f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented utilization of 2,3-dimethoxyindolines (DiMeOINs) as a latent electrophile in regioselective In-catalyzed aromatic substitutions has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Hirao
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Hokkaido 0610293
- Japan
| | - Toshiki Yamashiro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Hokkaido 0610293
- Japan
| | - Kyouka Kohira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Hokkaido 0610293
- Japan
| | - Naoki Mishima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Hokkaido 0610293
- Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-tobetsu
- Hokkaido 0610293
- Japan
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6
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Subiros-Funosas R, Ho VCL, Barth ND, Mendive-Tapia L, Pappalardo M, Barril X, Ma R, Zhang CB, Qian BZ, Sintes M, Ghashghaei O, Lavilla R, Vendrell M. Fluorogenic Trp(redBODIPY) cyclopeptide targeting keratin 1 for imaging of aggressive carcinomas. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1368-1374. [PMID: 34123261 PMCID: PMC8148049 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05558d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratin 1 (KRT1) is overexpressed in squamous carcinomas and associated with aggressive pathologies in breast cancer. Herein we report the design and preparation of the first Trp-based red fluorogenic amino acid, which is synthetically accessible in a few steps and displays excellent photophysical properties, and its application in a minimally-disruptive labelling strategy to prepare a new fluorogenic cyclopeptide for imaging of KRT1+ cells in whole intact tumour tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Subiros-Funosas
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Vivian Cheuk Lam Ho
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Nicole D Barth
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Lorena Mendive-Tapia
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Morena Pappalardo
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Av. Joan XXIII s/n 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Barril
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Av. Joan XXIII s/n 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Ruoyu Ma
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Cheng-Bin Zhang
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Bin-Zhi Qian
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
| | - Miquel Sintes
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Avda Joan XXIII 27-30 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Ouldouz Ghashghaei
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Avda Joan XXIII 27-30 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona and Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Avda Joan XXIII 27-30 Barcelona 08028 Spain
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh 47 Little France Crescent EH16 4TJ Edinburgh UK
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7
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Czerwiński PJ, Furman B. Overcoming inaccessibility of fluorinated imines - synthesis of functionalized amines from readily available fluoroacetamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9436-9439. [PMID: 31304490 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although imines are convenient substrates for the synthesis of functionalized amines, they may be hard to obtain, as in the case of fluorinated imines. To aid in overcoming this issue, we propose a protocol of corresponding amine synthesis from simple fluoroacetic acid-derived amides using Schwartz's reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł J Czerwiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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8
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Atienza BJP, Jensen LD, Noton SL, Ansalem AKV, Hobman T, Fearns R, Marchant DJ, West FG. Dual Catalytic Synthesis of Antiviral Compounds Based on Metallocarbene-Azide Cascade Chemistry. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6829-6842. [PMID: 29663810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Aryl azides trap ortho-metallocarbene intermediates to generate indolenones possessing a reactive C-acylimine moiety, which can react with added indole nucleophiles to afford the 2-(3-indolyl)indolin-3-one scaffold found in the antiviral natural product isatisine A. This overall process occurs through a dual catalytic sequence at room temperature. Redox activation of the Cu(OTf)2 precatalyst by indole results in catalytically competent Cu(I) required for azide-metallocarbene coupling. The Brønsted acid that is also formed from Cu(OTf)2 reduction is responsible for catalysis of the C-C bond-forming indole addition step. This modular, procedurally simple method allows for rapid assembly of bis(indole) libraries, several of which proved to have anti-infective activity against respiratory syncytial virus and Zika virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bren Jordan P Atienza
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Lionel D Jensen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2E1 , Canada
| | - Sarah L Noton
- Department of Microbiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States
| | - Anil Kumar Victoria Ansalem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2E1 , Canada
| | - Tom Hobman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2E1 , Canada
| | - Rachel Fearns
- Department of Microbiology , Boston University School of Medicine , Boston , Massachusetts 02118 , United States
| | - David J Marchant
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2E1 , Canada
| | - F G West
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
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9
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Huang P, Peng X, Hu D, Liao H, Tang S, Liu L. Regioselective synthesis of 2,3′-biindoles mediated by an NBS-induced homo-coupling of indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9622-9629. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02312j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of 2,3′-biindole and [3,2-a]carbazole derivatives via an NBS-induced homo-coupling of indoles with high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science
- Gannan Medical University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huiwu Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Shaobin Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangxian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Gannan Normal University
- Ganzhou
- P. R. China
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10
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Lindsay AC, Leung IKH, Sperry J. Synthesis of the Azepinobisindole Alkaloid Iheyamine A Enabled by a Cross-Mannich Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:5404-5407. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C. Lindsay
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1000, New Zealand
| | - Ivanhoe K. H. Leung
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1000, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland 1000, New Zealand
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11
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Ansari NH, Dacko CA, Akhmedov NG, Söderberg BCG. Double Palladium Catalyzed Reductive Cyclizations. Synthesis of 2,2'-, 2,3'-, and 3,3'-Bi-1H-indoles, Indolo[3,2-b]indoles, and Indolo[2,3-b]indoles. J Org Chem 2016; 81:9337-9349. [PMID: 27641321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A palladium catalyzed, carbon monoxide mediated, double reductive cyclization of 1,4-, 1,3-, and 2,3-bis(2-nitroaryl)-1,3-butadienes to afford 2,2'-, 2,3'-, and 3,3'-biindoles, respectively, was developed. In contrast, reductive cyclizations of 1,2-bis(2-nitroaryl)ethenes were nonselective, affording mixtures of monocyclized indoles, indolo[3,2-b]indole, indolo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6(5H)-ones, and 5,11-dihydro-6H-indolo[3,2-c]quinolin-6-ones. Nonselective product formation was also observed from reductive cyclization of 1,1-bis(2-nitroaryl)ethenes, producing indolo[2,3-b]indoles and indolo[2,3-c]quinolin-6-ones. Carbon monoxide insertion to give the carbonyl containing products was the major or sole reaction path starting from 1,1- or 1,2-bis(2-nitroaryl)ethenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul H Ansari
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045, United States
| | - Christopher A Dacko
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045, United States
| | - Novruz G Akhmedov
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045, United States
| | - Björn C G Söderberg
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University , Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6045, United States
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