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Kang G, Park S, Han S. Synthesis of High-Order and High-Oxidation State Securinega Alkaloids. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:140-156. [PMID: 36594722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Securinega alkaloids, composed of more than 100 members characterized by the compact tetracyclic scaffold, have fascinated the synthetic community with their structural diversity and notable bioactivities. On the basis of the structural phenotype, oligomerizations and oxidations are major biosynthetic diversification modes of the basic Securinega framework. Despite the rich history of synthesis of basic monomeric Securinega alkaloids, the synthesis of oligomeric Securinega alkaloids, as well as oxidized derivatives, has remained relatively unexplored because of their extra structural complexity. In the first half of this Account, our synthetic studies toward high-order Securinega alkaloids are described. We aimed to establish a reliable synthetic method to form C14-C15' and C12-C15' bonds, which are prevalent connection modes between monomers. During our total synthesis of flueggenine C (9), we have invented an accelerated Rauhut-Currier reaction capable of forming the C14-C15' bond stereoselectively. Installation of the nucleophilic functionality to the Michael acceptor, which ushers the C-C bond forming conjugate addition to follow the intramolecular pathway, was the key to success. The C12-C15' linkage, which was inaccessible via an accelerated Rauhut-Currier reaction, was established by devising a complementary cross-coupling/conjugate reduction-based dimerization strategy that enabled the total synthesis of flueggenines D (11) and I (14). In this approach, the C12-C15' linkage was established via a Stille cross-coupling, and the stereochemistry of the C15' position was controlled during the following conjugate reduction step. In the later half of this Account, our achievements in the field of high-oxidation state Securinega alkaloids synthesis are depicted. We have developed oxidative transformations at the N1 and C2-C4 positions, where the biosynthetic oxidation event occurs most frequently. The discovery of a VO(acac)2-mediated regioselective Polonovski reaction allowed us to access the key 2,3-dehydroallosecurinine (112). Divergent synthesis of secu'amamine A (62) and fluvirosaones A (60) and B (61) was accomplished by exploiting the versatile reactivities of the C2/C3 enamine moiety in 112. We have also employed a fragment-coupling strategy between menisdaurilide and piperidine units, which allowed the installation of various oxygen-containing functionality on the piperidine ring. Combined with the late-stage, light-mediated epimerization and well-orchestrated oxidative modifications, collective total synthesis of seven C4-oxygenated securinine-type natural products was achieved. Lastly, the synthesis of flueggeacosine B (70) via two synthetic routes from allosecurinine (103) was illustrated. The first-generation synthesis (seven overall steps) employing Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling between stannane and thioester to form the key C3-C15' bond enabled the structural revision of the natural product. In the second-generation synthesis, we have invented visible-light-mediated, Cu-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) between an aldehyde and electron-deficient olefin, which streamlined the synthetic pathway into four overall steps. Organisms frequently utilize dimerization (oligomerization) and oxidations during the biosynthesis as a means to expand the chemical space of their secondary metabolites. Therefore, methods and strategies for dimerizations and oxidations that we have developed using the Securinega alkaloids as a platform would be broadly applicable to other alkaloids. It is our sincere hope that lessons we have learned during our synthetic journey would benefit other chemists working on organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyumin Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunkyu Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Chen W, Cheng Y, Zhang T, Mu Y, Jia W, Liu G. Ni/AntPohs-Catalyzed Stereoselective Asymmetric Intramolecular Reductive Coupling of N-1,6-Alkynones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5166-5182. [PMID: 33760614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient nickel-catalyzed stereoselective asymmetric intramolecular reductive coupling of N-1,6-alkynones is reported. A P-chiral monophosphine ligand AntPhos was found to be a privileged catalyst for constructing versatile functionalized chiral pyrrolidine rings using triethylsilane as the reducing reagent. Concise synthesis of pyrrolidines with chiral tertiary allylic alcohols was achieved in high yields (99%), excellent stereoselectivity (>99:1 E/Z), and enantioselectivity (>99:1 er) with very broad substrate scope. Totally, thirty-five N-1,6-alkynones were synthesized and applied in this reaction successfully. This reaction can be scaled up to gram scale without loss of its enantioselectivity. Ligand effects and reaction mechanism are investigated in detail. While the developed asymmetric synthesis of pyrrolidine with chiral tertiary allylic alcohols is anticipated to find wider applications in organic synthesis and chemical biology, the discovered new reactions of N-1,6-alkynone with AntPhos using different catalyst systems would further expanded its new research fields and attract more detailed explorations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yaping Cheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Yu Mu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wenqi Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Guodu Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, 235 University West Road, Hohhot 010021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Klochkov S, Neganova M. Unique indolizidine alkaloid securinine is a promising scaffold for the development of neuroprotective and antitumor drugs. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19185-19195. [PMID: 35478659 PMCID: PMC9033663 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02558a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids, secondary plant metabolites, are used in traditional medicine in many countries to treat various pathological conditions. Securinine, a unique indolizidine alkaloid combining four cycles, “6-azobicyclo[3.2.1]octane” as a key structure fused with α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone and piperidine ring, has a broad spectrum of actions including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, neuroprotective and antitumor, and has been previously used in medical practice. It has several reactive centers, which are double bonds at positions 12–13 and 14–15, and this is a challenging scaffold for the synthesis of biologically active compounds. In this review, works on the production of modified securinine derivatives and their biological activity are addressed. Both monovalent and bivalent derivatives that are most promising in our opinion, and have potential for further research, are considered. Derivatives of unique indolizidine alkaloid securinine used for neuroprotection and as antitumor agents.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Klochkov
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences
- Chernogolovka
- Russia
| | - Margarita Neganova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences
- Chernogolovka
- Russia
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Xie QJ, Zhang WY, Wu ZL, Xu MT, He QF, Huang XJ, Che CT, Wang Y, Ye WC. Alkaloid constituents from the fruits of Flueggea virosa. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:385-392. [PMID: 32451096 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30045-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Three new indole alkaloids, flueindolines A-C (1-3), along with nine known alkaloids (4-12), were isolated from the fruits of Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt. Compounds 1 and 2 are two new fused tricyclic indole alkaloids possessing an unusual pyrido[1, 2-a]indole framework, and 3 presents a rare spiro (pyrrolizidinyl-oxindole) backbone. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by means of comprehensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical calculation, as well as X-ray crystallography. Chiral resolution and absolute configuration determination of the known compounds 4, 10, and 11 were reported for the first time. The hypothetical biogenetical pathways of 1-3 were herein also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Jie Xie
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhen-Long Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ming-Tao Xu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi-Fang He
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Di Sanza R, Nguyen TLN, Iqbal N, Argent SP, Lewis W, Lam HW. Enantioselective nickel-catalyzed arylative and alkenylative intramolecular 1,2-allylations of tethered allene-ketones. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2401-2406. [PMID: 34084403 PMCID: PMC8157472 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The enantioselective nickel-catalyzed reaction of tethered allene-ketones with (hetero)arylboronic acids or potassium vinyltrifluoroborate is described. Carbonickelation of the allene gives allylnickel species, which undergo cyclization by 1,2-allylation to produce chiral tertiary-alcohol-containing aza- and carbocycles in high diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Sanza
- The Glaxo Smith Kline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Thi Le Nhon Nguyen
- The Glaxo Smith Kline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- The Glaxo Smith Kline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Stephen P Argent
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Hon Wai Lam
- The Glaxo Smith Kline Carbon Neutral Laboratories for Sustainable Chemistry, University of Nottingham Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road Nottingham NG7 2TU UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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Antien K, Lacambra A, Cossío FP, Massip S, Deffieux D, Pouységu L, Peixoto PA, Quideau S. Bio‐inspired Total Synthesis of Twelve
Securinega
Alkaloids: Structural Reassignments of (+)‐Virosine B and (−)‐Episecurinol A. Chemistry 2019; 25:11574-11580. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Antien
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Aitor Lacambra
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
- Departamento de Química Orgánica IUniversidad del País Vasco Avda. Tolosa 72, Edificio Korta 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Fernando P. Cossío
- Departamento de Química Orgánica IUniversidad del País Vasco Avda. Tolosa 72, Edificio Korta 20018 San Sebastián Spain
| | - Stéphane Massip
- Univ. BordeauxInstitut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (CNRS-UMS 3033) 2 rue Robert Escarpit 33607 Pessac Cedex France
| | - Denis Deffieux
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Laurent Pouységu
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Philippe A. Peixoto
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
| | - Stéphane Quideau
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM (CNRS-UMR 5255) 351 cours de la Libération 33405 Talence Cedex France
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Park J, Jeon S, Kang G, Lee J, Baik MH, Han S. Dimerization Strategies for the Synthesis of High-Order Securinega Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2018; 84:1398-1406. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joonoh Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongmin Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Gyumin Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jongsun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sunkyu Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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Wehlauch R, Gademann K. Securinega
Alkaloids: Complex Structures, Potent Bioactivities, and Efficient Total Syntheses. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201700142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Wehlauch
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Karl Gademann
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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