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Leonte D, Ungureanu D, Zaharia V. Flavones and Related Compounds: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:6528. [PMID: 37764304 PMCID: PMC10535985 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the synthesis and biological activity of flavones and their related flavonoidic compounds, namely flavonols and aurones. Among the biological activities of natural and synthetic flavones and aurones, their anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties are highlighted and detailed in this review. Starting from the structures of natural flavones acting on multiple anticancer targets (myricetin, genkwanin, and other structurally related compounds), new flavone analogs were recently designed and evaluated for their anticancer activity. The most representative compounds and their anticancer activity are summarized in this review. Natural flavones recognized for their antimicrobial properties (baicalein, luteolin, quercetol, apigenin, kaempferol, tricin) have been recently derivatized or structurally modulated by chemical synthetic methods in order to obtain new effective antimicrobial flavonoidic derivatives with improved biological properties. The most promising antimicrobial agents are systematically highlighted in this review. The most applied method for the synthesis of flavones and aurones is based on the oxidative cyclization of o-hydroxychalcones. Depending on the reaction conditions and the structure of the precursor, in some cases, several cyclization products result simultaneously: flavones, flavanones, flavonols, and aurones. Based on the literature data and the results obtained by our research group, our aim is to highlight the most promising methods for the synthesis of flavones, as well as the synthetic routes for the other structurally related cyclization products, such as hydroxyflavones and aurones, while considering that, in practice, it is difficult to predict which is the main or exclusive cyclization product of o-hydroxychalcones under certain reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valentin Zaharia
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Victor Babeş 41, RO-400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.L.); (D.U.)
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2
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Huang Z, Li Y, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Wu J, Wu Y, Zhang F, Fang Z, Li Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation for General Synthesis of Aurones Using CO 2. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202365. [PMID: 36737418 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The carbonylation of alkynes using CO2 to generate aurones is to date unknown. In this study, a palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of terminal aromatic alkynes and the waste hydrosilane, poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS), is carried out with 2-iodophenol using CO2 to produce aurones. A variety of terminal alkynes and substituted 2-iodophenols are transformed into aurones in good yields. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that silyl formate, generated from CO2 and PMHS, plays a crucial role in the carbonylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxing Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Jiacheng Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Yongkai Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengjun Fang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Waste Recycling, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, 411104, Xiangtan, P. R. China
| | - Yuehui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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3
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Kumar G, Saroha B, Kumar R, Kumari M, Dalal S, Kumar S. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking studies of some novel
N
,
N
‐dimethylaminopropoxy‐substituted aurones. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Bhavna Saroha
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Meena Kumari
- Department of Chemistry Govt. College for Women, Badhra Charkhi Dadri India
| | - Sunita Dalal
- Department of Biotechnology Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra India
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4
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In Lee J. A review of the syntheses of (thio)flavones,
4‐quinolones
, (thio)aurones, and azaaurones from 2′‐substituted alkynones. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology Duksung Women's University Seoul Republic of Korea
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A simple and convenient synthesis of novel 9-arylidene-9,11-dihydro-8H-benzo[h]pyrano[3,4 -b]quinolin-8-ones. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Duan K, An XD, Li LF, Sun LL, Qiu B, Li XJ, Xiao J. Hydride Transfer Initiated Redox-Neutral Cascade Cyclizations of Aurones: Facile Access to [6,5] Spirocycles. Org Lett 2020; 22:2537-2541. [PMID: 32186385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is the hydride transfer initiated redox-neutral cascade cyclizations of aurones, providing a variety of [6,5] spiro-heterocycles in satisfactory yields and good diastereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Duan
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiao-De An
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Long-Fei Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Lian-Lian Sun
- The Affiliated Hospital of Huizhou Health Sciences Polytechnic, Huizhou, 516025, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xian-Jiang Li
- Shandong Kangqiao Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Binzhou, 256500, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.,School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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7
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Kumar G, Lathwal E, Saroha B, Kumar S, Kumar S, Chauhan NS, Kumar T. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Quinoline‐Based Novel Aurones. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gourav Kumar
- Department of ChemistryKurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India 136119
| | - Ekta Lathwal
- Department of ChemistryKurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India 136119
| | - Bhavna Saroha
- Department of ChemistryKurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India 136119
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of ChemistryKurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India 136119
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of ChemistryKurukshetra University Kurukshetra Haryana India 136119
| | - Nar Singh Chauhan
- Department of BiochemistryMaharshi Dayanand University Rohtak Haryana India 124001
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Department of BiochemistryMaharshi Dayanand University Rohtak Haryana India 124001
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Lee JI, Kim HN. Efficient Synthesis of (
Z
)‐Aurones by the Thallium(I) acetate‐Catalyzed 5‐
exo
Cyclization of
o
‐(Alkynon‐1‐yl)phenols. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural ScienceDuksung Women's University Seoul 01369 Republic of Korea
| | - Han Nah Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural ScienceDuksung Women's University Seoul 01369 Republic of Korea
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Qian
- Department of ChemistryLishui University 1 Xueyuan Road Lishui City Zhejiang Province 323000 People's Republic of China
| | - Dayun Huang
- Department of ChemistryLishui University 1 Xueyuan Road Lishui City Zhejiang Province 323000 People's Republic of China
| | - Yicheng Bi
- Qingdao University of Science & TechnologySifang Campus 53 Zhengzhou Road Qingdao Shandong 266042 People's Republic of China
| | - Guobing Yan
- Department of ChemistryLishui University 1 Xueyuan Road Lishui City Zhejiang Province 323000 People's Republic of China
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10
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11
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Chang MY, Chen HY, Tsai YL. Temperature-Controlled Desulfonylative Condensation of α-Sulfonyl o-Hydroxyacetophenones and 2-Formyl Azaarenes: Synthesis of Azaaryl Aurones and Flavones. J Org Chem 2018; 84:326-337. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yang Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yu Chen
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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12
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Xu S, Sun H, Zhuang M, Zheng S, Jian Y, Zhang W, Gao Z. Divergent synthesis of flavones and aurones via base-controlled regioselective palladium catalyzed carbonylative cyclization. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Lee JI. Novel Synthesis of Aurones by 2-PyONa-catalyzed Regioselective Cyclization of o
-(Alkynon-1-yl)phenols. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae In Lee
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science; Duksung Women's University; Seoul 01369 South Korea
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14
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Hwang W, Kim H, Choi H, Kim J, Jeon WH, Lee PH, Lee K. Synthesis of Aurones through Silver-catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization from o
-Alkynonylphenols. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Woonsang Hwang
- Department of Bio-Health Technology; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunseok Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Choi
- Department of Bio-Health Technology; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Kim
- Department of Bio-Health Technology; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyung Jeon
- Department of Chemistry; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Phil Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Kooyeon Lee
- Department of Bio-Health Technology; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University; Chuncheon 24341 Republic of Korea
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15
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Zhai D, Chen L, Jia M, Ma S. One Pot Synthesis of γ-Benzopyranones via Iron-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation and Subsequent 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Catalyzed 6-endo
Cyclization. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhai
- Research Center of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzhu Chen
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis; Zhejiang University; 38 Zheda Road Zhejiang 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Minqiang Jia
- Research Center of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
| | - Shengming Ma
- Research Center of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; Fudan University; 220 Handan Road Shanghai 200433 People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry; Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis; Zhejiang University; 38 Zheda Road Zhejiang 310027 People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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