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Podversnik H, Camp JE, Greatrex BW. Practical and scalable enantioselective synthesis of (+)-majoranolide from Cyrene. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:950-953. [PMID: 38205508 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01919e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
A two-step enantioselective gram scale synthesis of the Persea derived γ-lactones (+)-majoranolide and (+)-majoranolide B has been achieved. The sequence uses the amine promoted crossed condensation of the biorenewable synthon Cyrene with aliphatic aldehydes followed by a Baeyer-Villiger oxidation. Comparison of optical rotation data with the natural products established the absolute configuration of the natural product series, and this work represents the first synthesis of these alkylidene natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Podversnik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| | - Jason E Camp
- Circa Sustainable Chemicals Limited, York, YO19 5SN, UK
| | - Ben W Greatrex
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
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2
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Puschnig J, Jevric M, Sumby CJ, Greatrex BW. Intermolecular Enamine Mizoroki-Heck Reactions on a Bio-Derived Scaffold. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38190610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The intramolecular enamine-Mizoroki-Heck reaction allows for the construction of nitrogen-containing heterocycles, although the related intermolecular version is less known. The reactions of enamines derived from Cyrene were investigated under Mizoroki-Heck conditions. An optimization study was used to identify that 1.5 mol % Pd(dba)2 with PCy3 in xylene at reflux temperature gave the highest yield with electron-rich aryl iodides. Arylation occurred predominantly at the C-N center of the enamine, while the diastereoselectivity was dependent on the nitrogen substitution in the enamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Puschnig
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Martyn Jevric
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Christopher J Sumby
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Ben W Greatrex
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
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Andreana P, Mencer D, Bielski R. Professor Zbigniew J. Witczak: A Tribute. Carbohydr Res 2023; 534:108916. [PMID: 37758627 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Andreana
- Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft, Toledo, 43606-3690, Ohio, USA.
| | - Donald Mencer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, 18766, USA.
| | - Roman Bielski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wilkes University, Wilkes-Barre, PA, 18766, United States; Chemventive, LLC Chadds Ford, PA, 19317, United States.
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Mlostoń G, Celeda M, Palusiak M. Higher-order [8+2]-cycloadditions of tropothione with levoglucosenone (LGO) and structurally similar exo-cyclic enones derived from cyrene. Carbohydr Res 2023; 529:108844. [PMID: 37210942 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2023.108844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Levoglucosenone (LGO) and structurally similar exo-cyclic enones derived from cyrene (dihydrolevoglucosenone) react with tropothione following the higher-order [8 + 2]-cycloaddition pathway. Reactions were performed at room temperature in CH2Cl2 solutions in absence of any activating reagent. Whereas reaction of tropothione with LGO occurred with complete stereoselectivity, leading to a single, sterically favored exo cycloadduct, identified as polycylic thiophene derivative, reactions performed with exo-cyclic enones yielded in some instances mixtures of two isomeric exo and endo cycloadducts, derived from spiro-tetrahydrothiophene as major and minor components, respectively, of the studied reaction mixtures. Exo and endo [8 + 2] cycloadducts differ in absolute configuration at the newly created chiral centers. Structures of exo and endo cycloadducts were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Mlostoń
- Department of Organic & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, PL-91-403, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Celeda
- Department of Organic & Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, PL-91-403, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marcin Palusiak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, PL-90-236, Lodz, Poland
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Citarella A, Amenta A, Passarella D, Micale N. Cyrene: A Green Solvent for the Synthesis of Bioactive Molecules and Functional Biomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415960. [PMID: 36555601 PMCID: PMC9783252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the panorama of sustainable chemistry, the use of green solvents is increasingly emerging for the optimization of more eco-friendly processes which look to a future of biocompatibility and recycling. The green solvent Cyrene, obtained from biomass via a two-step synthesis, is increasingly being introduced as the solvent of choice for the development of green synthetic transformations and for the production of biomaterials, thanks to its interesting biocompatibility, non-toxic and non-mutagenic properties. Our review offers an overview of the most important organic reactions that have been investigated to date in Cyrene as a medium, in particular focusing on those that could potentially lead to the formation of relevant chemical bonds in bioactive molecules. On the other hand, a description of the employment of Cyrene in the production of biomaterials has also been taken into consideration, providing a point-by-point overview of the use of Cyrene to date in the aforementioned fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Citarella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Arianna Amenta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Passarella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Klepp J, Bousfield T, Cummins H, Legendre SVAM, Camp JE, Greatrex BW. Oxa-Michael-initiated cascade reactions of levoglucosenone. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:1457-1462. [PMID: 36300013 PMCID: PMC9577383 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactions of aromatic aldehydes and levoglucosenone promoted by methoxide gives bridged α,β-unsaturated ketones, formed by a series of oxa-Michael-initiated cascade reactions in yields of up to 91% (14 examples). A complex series of equilibria operate during the reaction, and the formation of the bridged species is thermodynamically favored, except in the case of 5-methylfurfural and pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde. This is the first report detailing this type of aldol/Michael cascade involving oxa-Michael initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Klepp
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Thomas Bousfield
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh Cummins
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Sarah V A-M Legendre
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - Jason E Camp
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
| | - Ben W Greatrex
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
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Tamargo RJI, Rubio PYM, Mohandoss S, Shim JJ, Lee YR. Cyrene™ as a Neoteric Bio-Based Solvent for Catalyst-Free Microwave-Assisted Construction of Diverse Bipyridine Analogues for Heavy-Metal Sensing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2133-2140. [PMID: 33780600 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An environment-friendly synthetic protocol was developed to access polyfunctionalized bipyridines from readily available amines, chromone-3-carboxaldehydes, and pyridinylacetonitriles under catalyst- and additive-free conditions using the bio-renewable neoteric solvent dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene™). In this strategy, amines served as both a mild-base promoter and a substrate. In addition, water was the only by-product of this reaction. This multi-component protocol provided highly diverse 2,3-, 3,3-, and 3,4-bipyridines in good-to-excellent yields. Operational simplicity, short reaction time, excellent atom economy, and easily obtainable substrates are among the features of this microwave-assisted synthesis. Additionally, the compounds synthesized via this method have demonstrated the ability to detect heavy metals, specifically mercury(II), copper(II), and iron (III) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramuel John Inductivo Tamargo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
- Advanced Materials and Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines
| | - Peter Yuosef M Rubio
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Sonaimuthu Mohandoss
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, South Korea
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Fan W, Verrier C, Queneau Y, Popowycz F. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in Organic Synthesis: A Review of its Recent Applications Towards Fine Chemicals. Curr Org Synth 2019; 16:583-614. [DOI: 10.2174/1570179416666190412164738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a biomass-derived
platform chemical, which can be produced from carbohydrates. In the past decades, 5-
HMF has received tremendous attention because of its wide applications in the
production of various value-added chemicals, materials and biofuels. The manufacture
and the catalytic conversion of 5-HMF to simple industrially-important bulk chemicals
have been well reviewed. However, employing 5-HMF as a building block in organic
synthesis has never been summarized exclusively, despite the rapid development in this
area.
Objective:
The aim of this review is to bring a fresh perspective on the use of 5-HMF in
organic synthesis, to the exclusion of already well documented conversion of 5-HMF
towards relatively simple molecules such as 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2,5-dimethylfuran and so on notably
used as monomers or biofuels.
Conclusion:
As it has been shown throughout this review, 5-HMF has been the object of numerous studies on
its use in fine chemical synthesis. Thanks to the presence of different functional groups on this platform
chemical, it proved to be an excellent starting material for the preparation of various fine chemicals. The use of
this C-6 synthon in novel synthetic routes is appealing, as it allows the incorporation of renewable carbonsources
into the final targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Fan
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Charlie Verrier
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Yves Queneau
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Florence Popowycz
- Universite de Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, Universite Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, CPE Lyon, Batiment Edgar Lederer, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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Abstract
Efficient conditions have been developed for the diastereoselective aziridination of the biomass pyrolysis product (−)-levoglucosenone, via the reaction of primary aliphatic amines with 3-iodolevoglucosenone. In contrast to the reactions of aliphatic amines, the use of 4-methoxyaniline resulted in an aza-Michael-initiated dimerisation reaction, and 1,3-diphenylurea gave a 2-imidazolidinone. The aziridine products were transformed using the aza-Wharton reaction, affording novel sulfonamide and amine-substituted 6,8-dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-enes with potential as sp3-rich chiral scaffolds.
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One-pot synthesis of carbohydrate exo-cyclic enones and hemiketals with 6,8-dioxabicyclo-[3.2.1]octane moieties. Serendipitous formation of a spironolactone when 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde is used as the reactant. Part II. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Ledingham ET, Greatrex BW. Diastereoselective Weitz-Scheffer epoxidation of levoglucosenone for the synthesis of isolevoglucosenone and derivatives. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Camp JE. Bio-available Solvent Cyrene: Synthesis, Derivatization, and Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3048-3055. [PMID: 30044553 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of green solvents is one of the key tenets of Green Chemistry as solvents account for the majority of waste stemming from the production of the chemicals on which we have all come to rely. An important class of solvents is the dipolar aprotics, which include N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). In addition to being derived from non-renewable resources, these solvents are also under increased regulatory pressures that will limit their industrial applications. This Concept concerns the bio-available solvent Cyrene (dihydrolevoglucosenone) as a potential replacement for toxic dipolar aprotic solvents. An emphasis is placed on examining the strengths and weaknesses of Cyrene as a solvent and is accomplished by looking at the synthesis, derivatization, and application in synthetic protocols of Cyrene. With respect to the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry, this Concept describes a bio-available solvent that should have a disruptive effect on the use of traditional industrial dipolar aprotic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Camp
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, UK
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