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Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang B, Xia Y, Xue F, Jin W, Liu C. Electrooxidative Hofmann Rearrangement of Phthalimides to Access Anthranilate Derivatives. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35167-35172. [PMID: 37779964 PMCID: PMC10536198 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient electrooxidative Hofmann rearrangement reaction of phthalimides was developed. Anthranilate derivatives were synthesized in moderate to good yields under green and mild conditions using phthalimides as a rearrangement precursor. This approach not only provides a strategy for synthesizing anthranilates and deuterated anthranilate derivatives with high deuteration efficiency but also realizes efficient conversion at the gram scale. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xue
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Specialty Agri-Product Quality and Hazard Controlling
Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Chenjiang Liu
- Urumqi
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory
of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang
Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization
of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, P. R. China
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Kasim M, Schulz M, Griebel A, Malhotra A, Müller B, von Horsten HH. Release of protein N-glycans by effectors of a Hofmann carboxamide rearrangement. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:983679. [PMID: 36172046 PMCID: PMC9512068 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.983679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemical methods for glycan release have gained traction because of their cost efficiency, accelerated reaction time and ability to release glycans not amenable to enzymatic cleavage. Oxidative chemical glycan release via hypochlorite treatment has been shown to be a convenient and efficient method that yields N-glycans similar to classical PNGase F digestion. We observed that the initial steps of the suggested mechanism for the oxidative release of glycans from glycoproteins by hypohalites showed similarities to the initiating steps of the classical Hofmann rearrangement of carboxamides. Therefore, we investigated the ability of different stable effectors of a Hofmann-type carboxamide rearrangement to efficiently and selectively release N-glycans from glycoproteins. Methods: Released glycans obtained from different experimental chemical release approaches were analyzed by HILIC-FLD, BHZ-FACE and ESI-MS and evaluated with respect to electrophoretic mobility, retention time and integrated peak area for resolved glycans. Results: We show that the known Hoffmann catalysts 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, the hypervalent organoiodine (III) compound diacetoxy-iodobenzene as well as in-situ hypobromite generation using Oxone® and potassium bromide are all capable of releasing protein-bound N-glycans in good yield. Among the compounds investigated, diacetoxy-iodobenzene was capable of releasing glycans in the absence of alkali. Detailed investigations of the bromide/Oxone® method revealed a dependence of N-glycan release efficiency from the temporal order of bromide addition to the reaction mix as well as from a molar excess of bromide over Oxone®. Conclusions. These findings suggest that the oxidative release of N-glycans occurs via the initiating steps of a Hofmann carboxamide rearrangement. Hypervalent organoiodine compounds hold the promise of releasing glycans in the absence of alkali. The in-situ generation of hypobromite by bromide/Oxone® produces a consistent defined amount of reagent for rapid N-glycan release for both analytical and preparative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Kasim
- HTW Berlin-University of Applied Sciences, Life Science Engineering, Berlin, Germany
| | - Malissa Schulz
- HTW Berlin-University of Applied Sciences, Life Science Engineering, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Akshay Malhotra
- HTW Berlin-University of Applied Sciences, Life Science Engineering, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Hans Henning von Horsten
- HTW Berlin-University of Applied Sciences, Life Science Engineering, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Hans Henning von Horsten,
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Bastos GA, de Mattos MC. A convenient Hofmann reaction of carboxamides and cyclic imides mediated by trihaloisocyanuric acids. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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M. Heravi M, Malmir M, Moradi R. Recent Advances in the Applications of the Intramolecular Suzuki Cross-coupling Reaction in Cyclization and Heterocyclization: An Update. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191023115842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
The palladium-catalyzed reaction of aryl halide and boronic acid for the formation
of C–C bonds so-called Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction has many applications
in Modern Synthetic Organic Chemistry. In 2013, we emphasized the applications of
the intramolecular Suzuki cross-coupling reaction in cyclization and heterocyclization.
Due to a plethora relevant papers appeared in the chemical literature, herein, we wish to
cover by updating our previous review, the applications of the intramolecular Suzuki
cross-coupling reaction in cyclization and heterocyclization leading to various homocyclic
and heterocyclic compounds reported during a period of 2013 to 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Razieh Moradi
- Department of Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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