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Zhang C, Shao M, Wu D, Li Z, Zhao M, Zhang X, Zhai B, Luo Y, Li X. Azide Ionic Liquids for Safe, Green, and Highly-Efficient Azidation Reactions to Produce Azide Polymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314052. [PMID: 37945536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Azide compounds are widely used and especially, polymers bearing pendant azide groups are highly desired in numerous fields. However, harsh reaction conditions are always mandatory to achieve full azidation, causing severe side reactions and degradation of the polymers. Herein, we report the design and preparation of two azide ionic liquids (AILs) with azide anion and triethylene glycol (E3 )-containing cation, [P444E3 ][N3 ] and [MIME3 ][N3 ]. Compared with the traditional sodium azide (NaN3 ) approach, both AILs showed much higher reaction rates and functional-group tolerance. More importantly, they could act as both reagents and solvents for the quantitative azidation of various polymeric precursors under mild conditions. Theoretical simulations suggested that the outstanding performance of AILs originated from the existence of ion pairs during the reaction, and the E3 moieties played a crucial role. Lastly, after the reaction, the AILs could be easily regenerated, presenting a safer, greener, and highly efficient synthesis route for azide polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Meiling Shao
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Dongqing Wu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Muzhi Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfei Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhai
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, P. R. China
| | - Yunjun Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Shioiri T, Ishihara K, Matsugi M. Cutting edge of diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA) as a synthetic reagent – A fifty-year odyssey. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00403h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments of diphenyl phosphorazidate (DPPA, (C6H5O)2P(O)N3) has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Shioiri
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ishihara
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Masato Matsugi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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Shioiri T. Ideas and Developments in Organic Synthesis-Blessed with Serendipity. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2021. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.79.1156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Qi Z, Li SS, Li L, Qin Q, Yang LM, Liang YK, Kang Y, Zhang XZ, Ma AJ, Peng JB. Palladium Catalyzed Cascade Azidation/Carbonylation of Aryl Halides with Sodium Azide for the Synthesis of Amides. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:503-506. [PMID: 33470007 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amide synthesis is one of the most important transformations in organic chemistry due to their ubiquitous presence in our daily life. In this communication, a palladium catalyzed cascade azidation/carbonylation of aryl halides for the synthesis of amides was developed. Both iodo- and bromobenzene derivatives were transformed to the corresponding amides using PdCl2 /xantphos as the catalyst system and sodium azide as the nitrogen-source. The reaction proceeds via a cascade azidation/carbonylation process. A range of alkyl and halogen substituted amides were prepared in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Qi
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qi Qin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li-Miao Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Kang Liang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yun Kang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ai-Jun Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Bao Peng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, 529020, Jiangmen, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Ishihara K, Shioiri T, Matsugi M. An Expeditious Approach to Tetrazoles from Amides Utilizing Phosphorazidates. Org Lett 2020; 22:6244-6247. [PMID: 32634317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel method was developed for the synthesis of tetrazoles from amides utilizing diphenyl phosphorazidate or bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphorazidate as both the activator of amide-oxygen for elimination and azide source. Various amides were converted into the corresponding tetrazoles in good yields. This synthetic method allows to prepare 1,5-disubstituted and 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles from various amides without the use of toxic or explosive reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Ishihara
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shioiri
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Masato Matsugi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, 1-501 Shiogamaguchi, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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