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Guo G, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li Z. Photoredox-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling Reaction to Synthesis Unsymmetrical Diarylmethanes. Molecules 2024; 29:2156. [PMID: 38731647 PMCID: PMC11085496 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction of aryl acetic acids and aryl nitriles has been achieved under an argon atmosphere in high yields. This method provides a fast way to obtain prevalent aryl acetic acids from an abundant natural source. A tentative radical mechanism has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhe Guo
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Oil and Gas Resources, College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, China
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Kiong TC, Nordin N, Ahmad Ruslan NAA, Kan SY, Ismail NM, Zakaria Z, Bidai JA, Wang Y, Ariffin F, Chia PW. Valorization of discarded face mask for bioactive compound synthesis and photodegradation of dye. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113737. [PMID: 35752328 PMCID: PMC9351616 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To keep COVID-19 at bay, most countries have mandated the use of face masks in public places and imposed heavy penalties for those who fail to do so. This has inadvertently created a huge demand for disposable face masks and worsened the problem of littering, where a large number of used masks are constantly discarded into the environment. As such, an efficient and innovative waste management strategy for the discarded face mask is urgently needed. This study presents the transformation of discarded face mask into catalyst termed 'mask waste ash catalyst (MWAC)' to synthesise bisindolylmethanes (BIMs), alkaloids that possess antibacterial, antioxidant and antiviral properties. Using commercially available aldehydes and indole, an excellent yield of reaction (62-94%) was achieved using the MWAC in the presence of water as the sole solvent. On the other hand, the FT-IR spectrum of MWAC showed the absorption bands at 2337 cm-1, 1415 cm-1 and 871 cm-1, which correspond to the signals of calcium oxide. It is then proposed that the calcium oxides mainly present in MWAC can protonate oxygen atoms in the carbonyl molecule of the aldehyde group, thus facilitating the nucleophile attack by indole which consequently improved the product yield. Moreover, the MWAC is also observed to facilitate the photodegradation of methylene blue with an efficiency of up to 94.55%. Our results showed the potential applications of the MWAC derived from discarded face masks as a sustainable catalyst for bioactive compound synthesis and photodegradation of dye compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teo Chook Kiong
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Nurhamizah Nordin
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aimi Aqilah Ahmad Ruslan
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Su-Yin Kan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Noor Maizura Ismail
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Zakaria
- Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Joseph Anak Bidai
- Institute of Oceanography and Environment (INOS), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fazilah Ariffin
- Biological Security and Sustainability Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Poh Wai Chia
- Eco-Innovation Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
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Chudasama SJ, Shah BJ, Patel KM, Dhameliya TM. The spotlight review on ionic liquids catalyzed synthesis of aza- and oxa-heterocycles reported in 2021. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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