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Jasiński R, Kula K, Kącka A, Mirosław B. Unexpected course of reaction between ( E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes and diazafluorene: why is there no 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition? MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2017; 148:909-915. [PMID: 28458402 PMCID: PMC5387018 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-016-1893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Reactions between (E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes and diazafluorene lead to acyclic 2,3-diazabuta-1,3-diene derivatives, instead of the expected pyrazoline systems. DFT calculations suggest that this is a consequence of formation of zwitterionic structure in the first stage of the reaction. It must be noted that this is a specific property of the (E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes group, in contrast to most other conjugated nitroalkenes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Karolina Kula
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kącka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Barbara Mirosław
- Department of Crystallography, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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A DFT computational study of the molecular mechanism of [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions between nitroethene and benzonitrile N-oxides. J Mol Model 2016; 23:13. [PMID: 28032222 PMCID: PMC5196010 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-016-3185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations were performed to shed light on the molecular mechanism of [3 + 2] cycloadditions of simple conjugated nitroalkenes to benzonitrile N-oxides. In particular, it was found that these processes proceed by a one-step mechanism through asynchronous transition states. According to the latest terminology, they should be considered polar but not stepwise processes.
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Jasiński R. A reexamination of the molecular mechanism of the Diels–Alder reaction between tetrafluoroethene and cyclopentadiene. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-016-1038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Maldonado-Domínguez M, Ruiz-Pérez K, González-Antonio O, Romero-Ávila M, Méndez-Stivalet J, Flores-Pérez B. On the Brassard's rule of regioselectivity in Diels–Alder reactions between haloquinones and polar dienes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14073d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
DFT/MC/AIM computational methods and experimental tests were used to further explain the Brassard’s rule for the [4 + 2] polar Diels–Alder reaction between nucleophilic dienes and haloquinones, which proceeds with remarkably high regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Maldonado-Domínguez
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
| | - Karen Ruiz-Pérez
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
| | - Oscar González-Antonio
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
| | - Margarita Romero-Ávila
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
| | - José Méndez-Stivalet
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
| | - Blas Flores-Pérez
- Facultad de Química
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Ciudad Universitaria
- México
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Baichurin RI, Aboskalova NI, Trukhin EV, Berestovitskaya VM. Aryl(hetaryl)-containing gem-cyanonitroethenes: Synthesis, structure, and reactions with 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215080101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jasiński R, Kącka A. A polar nature of benzoic acids extrusion from nitroalkyl benzoates: DFT mechanistic study. J Mol Model 2015; 21:59. [PMID: 25711621 PMCID: PMC4339780 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Using DFT calculations at various theory levels, quantum-chemical simulations of decomposition paths were performed for a series of nitroalkyl benzoates. It was discovered, that these reactions proceed via polar, but one-step mechanism. It turned out that depending on the nature of the substituent in the ester molecule and on medium polarity, the studied reactions may take place via transition states with varied synchronicity—from E1-like structures, to E1cb-like structures. A purely ionic, two-stage mechanism was not identified in any of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology,, Warszawska 24, 31-155, Cracow, Poland,
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Jasiński R. Nitroacetylene as dipolarophile in [2 + 3] cycloaddition reactions with allenyl-type three-atom components: DFT computational study. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2015; 146:591-599. [PMID: 26166899 PMCID: PMC4495019 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-014-1389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract [2 + 3] Cycloaddition reactions of nitroacetylene with allenyl-type three-atom components take place according to the polar, but a one-step mechanism. Alternatively to cycloadducts, during the reaction between the aforementioned reagents, zwitterionic structures with “extended” conformation may be formally created. However, this route is supported by neither kinetic nor thermodynamic factors. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland
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Łapczuk-Krygier A, Ponikiewski Ł, Jasiński R. The crystal structure of (1RS,4RS,5RS,6SR)-5-cyano-5-nitro-6-phenyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774514070128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Jasiński R. Searching for zwitterionic intermediates in Hetero Diels–Alder reactions between methyl α,p-dinitrocinnamate and vinyl-alkyl ethers. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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An experimental and theoretical study of the hetero Diels–Alder reactions between (E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes and ethyl vinyl ether: one-step or zwitterionic, two-step mechanism? REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-014-0753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jasiński R, Kwiatkowska M, Sharnin V, Barański A. Experimental and theoretical studies of Diels-Alder reaction between methyl ( Z)-2-nitro-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-propenoate and cyclopentadiene. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2013; 144:327-335. [PMID: 26166878 PMCID: PMC4495048 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-012-0885-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The Diels–Alder reaction between methyl (Z)-2-nitro-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-propenoate and cyclopentadiene yields a mixture of carbodiene Diels–Alder adducts. B3LYP/6–31G(d) simulations indicate that the conversion of addends into methyl (1R*,2S*,3S*,4R*)-2-nitro-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate occurs via two-stage heterodiene Diels–Alder reaction and (in a second step) skeleton rearrangement of the primary cycloadduct, whereas the reaction leading to methyl (1R*,2R*,3R*,4R*)-2-nitro-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2-carboxylate is a single-step process. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwiatkowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Valentin Sharnin
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, F. Engels 7, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Andrzej Barański
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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Jasiński R, Kwiatkowska M, Barański A. Kinetics of the [4+2] cycloaddition of cyclopentadiene with ( E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2012; 143:895-899. [PMID: 26166865 PMCID: PMC4495029 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-012-0735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The electrophilicity of (E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes is not sufficient to induce a zwitterionic course of their [4+2] cycloaddition to cyclopentadiene. The one-step mechanism of these reactions is indicated by the activation parameters, and the substituent and solvent effects on the reaction. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Radomir Jasiński
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kwiatkowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Barański
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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A B3LYP/6-31G(d) study of Diels-Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene and (E)-2-arylnitroethenes. OPEN CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-011-0088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe B3LYP/6-31G(d) simulations of competing CDA and HDA reactions between cyclopentadiene and (E)-2-arylnitroethenes prove that regardless of the medium polarity, the processes leading to respective 5-nitro-6-aryl-bicyclo-[2,2,0]-hept-2-enes 3,4 (paths A and B) should be most favoured, and the more electrophilic (E)-2-(p-nitrophenyl)-nitroethene should be more reactive than the less electrophilic (E)-2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-nitroethene. Asymmetry of the transition complexes on the favoured pathways increases with increase of medium polarity, but not sufficiently to enforce the zwitterionic mechanism. Analysis of competing pathways leading to HDA adducts proves that not all these compounds can be formed directly from the adducts. In particular, on the path C, the initially formed 5-nitro-6-aryl-bicyclo-[2,2,0]-hept-2-enes 3 is converted to 2-phenyl-4-aza-5-oxy-bicyclo-[3,4,0]-nona-3,7-diene N-oxides 5 as a result of a [3.3]-sigmatropic shift. On the paths D–F leading to 2-phenyl-4-aza-5-oxy-bicyclo-[3,4,0]-nonadienes N-oxides 6–8, the reaction proceeds according to a one-step mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratim Kumar Chattaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Theoretical Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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Jasiński R, Kwiatkowska M, Barański A. Stereoselectivity and kinetics of [4 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of cyclopentadiene to para-substituted E-2-arylnitroethenes. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mikulska M, Jasiński R, Barański A. Synthesis and properties of azoles and their derivatives. 68.* [2+3] cycloaddition of 2-nitro-1-propene to (Z)-C,N-diphenylnitrone relative to AM1 and AM1/COSMO quantum-chemical calculations. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-010-0496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jasiński R, Barański A. Reactivity of (E)-2-aryl-1-cyano-1-nitroethenes in carbo and hetero Diels–Alder reactions with cyclopentadiene: A DFT study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kwiatkowska M, Jasiński R, Mikulska M, Barański A. Secondary α-deuterium kinetic isotope effects in [2+4] cycloaddition of (E)-2-phenylnitroethene to cyclopentadiene. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-010-0292-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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