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Arlt SP, Reichler IM, Herbel J, Schäfer-Somi S, Riege L, Leber J, Frehner B. Diagnostic tests in canine andrology - What do they really tell us about fertility? Theriogenology 2023; 196:150-156. [PMID: 36423509 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Dog breeders often require breeding soundness evaluations which include andrological examinations of the genital organs, hormone measurements, and semen analyses. During the past decades, a considerable number of research results have been published, allowing diagnoses of specific andrological conditions and fertility assessment. For specific examinations, however, no standard procedures have been defined and for some parameters different reference ranges have been published. Therefore, examination results from different facilities are difficult to compare and profound conclusions regarding health and fertility of a male dog are not always possible. Conventional semen examination, however, is still useful in identifying deviations or no deviations from normality, especially if confounding factors are taken into account and if the exam is repeated in case of inconclusive findings. A standardization of examination procedures and reference ranges would help to harmonize the exchange of examination results and interpretation of the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian P Arlt
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Iris M Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Herbel
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Schäfer-Somi
- Platform for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, A-1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Riege
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Leber
- Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bianca Frehner
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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2
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Rato L, Sousa ACA. The Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility: Focus on the Action of Obesogens. J Xenobiot 2021; 11:163-196. [PMID: 34940512 PMCID: PMC8709303 DOI: 10.3390/jox11040012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current scenario of male infertility is not yet fully elucidated; however, there is increasing evidence that it is associated with the widespread exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and in particular to obesogens. These compounds interfere with hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism and are associated with weight gain, being also able to change the functioning of the male reproductive axis and, consequently, the testicular physiology and metabolism that are pivotal for spermatogenesis. The disruption of these tightly regulated metabolic pathways leads to adverse reproductive outcomes. The permanent exposure to obesogens has raised serious health concerns. Evidence suggests that obesogens are one of the leading causes of the marked decline of male fertility and key players in shaping the future health outcomes not only for those who are directly exposed but also for upcoming generations. In addition to the changes that lead to inefficient functioning of the male gametes, obesogens induce alterations that are “imprinted” on the genes of the male gametes, establishing a link between generations and contributing to the transmission of defects. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms by which obesogens induce toxicity that may end-up in epigenetic modifications is imperative. This review describes and discusses the suggested molecular targets and potential mechanisms for obesogenic–disrupting chemicals and the subsequent effects on male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Rato
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
| | - Ana C. A. Sousa
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
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3
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Komatsu K, Iwasaki T, Murata K, Yamashiro H, Goh VST, Nakayama R, Fujishima Y, Ono T, Kino Y, Simizu Y, Takahashi A, Shinoda H, Ariyoshi K, Kasai K, Suzuki M, Palmerini MG, Belli M, Macchiarelli G, Oka T, Fukumoto M, Yoshida MA, Nakata A, Miura T. Morphological reproductive characteristics of testes and fertilization capacity of cryopreserved sperm after the Fukushima accident in raccoon (Procyon lotor). Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:484-497. [PMID: 33372327 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, we have established an archive system of livestock and wild animals from the surrounding ex-evacuation zone. Wildlife within the alert zone have been exposed to low-dose-rate (LDR) radiation for a long continuous time. In this study, we analysed the morphological characteristics of the testes and in vitro fertilization (IVF) capacity of cryopreserved sperm of racoons from the ex-evacuation zone of the FDNPP accident. The radioactivity of caesium-137 (137 Cs) was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry, and the measured radioactivity concentration was 300-6,630 Bq/kg in the Fukushima raccoons. Notably, normal spermatogenesis was observed in the seminiferous tubules of the testes, with the germinal epithelium composed of a spermatogenic cell lineage with no evident ultrastructural alterations; freeze-thawing sperm penetration ability was confirmed using the interspecific zona pellucida-free mouse oocytes IVF assays. This study revealed that the chronic and LDR radiation exposure associated with the FDNPP accident had no adverse effect on the reproductive characteristics and functions of male raccoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Komatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Iwasaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kosuke Murata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yamashiro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Nakayama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Yohei Fujishima
- Department of Radiation Biology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takumi Ono
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kino
- Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | - Hisashi Shinoda
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ariyoshi
- Integrated Center for Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kasai
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Suzuki
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Maria Grazia Palmerini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Manuel Belli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Guido Macchiarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Toshitaka Oka
- Sector of Nuclear Science Research, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Manabu Fukumoto
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Pathology Informatics Team, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki A Yoshida
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
| | - Akifumi Nakata
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University of Science, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tomisato Miura
- Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan
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4
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Bucci D, Spinaci M, Galeati G, Tamanini C. Different approaches for assessing sperm function. Anim Reprod 2020; 16:72-80. [PMID: 33299480 PMCID: PMC7720929 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Different approaches can be used to assess sperm function in different conditions, i.e. sperm storage, freezing-thawing or activation by induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. In this review we will focus on the assays routinely performed in our laboratories, giving a literature support to critically analyse different approaches. In fact, researchers usually tend to look for the "one shot" parameter that could explain itself a specific process; it is our conviction that a multiparametric approach is still more valid, as some changes in sperm function are very complex and could be explained only by operating in different ways. Sperm motility, the most evident sperm characteristic, should be assessed by computer-aided sperm analysers that permit an objective evaluation of the motility and its kinematic parameters. Commercial and open source instruments are available and could be profitably used together with specific statistical approaches. The use of microscopy, and particularly fluorescent microscopy, could be a very useful tool to assess different parameters in sperm cells both by fluorophores that give indication of a determined function, and by immunolocalization of proteins, that permits the discover of new features or to explain particular sperm functions. The same substrates could be used also in flow cytometry: the difference is that it permits to study wider sperm populations (and their sub-population distribution). Flow cytometry is undergoing a very wide use in spermatology and technical and experimental rigor is needed to obtain reliable results. Metabolic assessment of sperm features, particularly energetic supply, ATP formation and other enzyme activities, could represent a very important challenge to acquire new information and complete/integrate those derived from other techniques. Finally, functional assays such as oocyte binding and in vitro fertilization, represent a very strong tool to assess sperm function in vitro, as they could evidence the functional intactness of some pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Bucci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marcella Spinaci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galeati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Tamanini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50 40064 Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
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5
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Effects from aging on semen quality of fresh and cryopreserved semen in Labrador Retrievers. Theriogenology 2019; 132:164-171. [PMID: 31029847 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Characteristics of frozen sperm associated with fertility and aging have not been fully determined in dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between fresh and post-thaw sperm quality, age, among the factors of motility, viability, morphology and oxidative stress in a group of fertile stud dogs with extensive breeding records and in dogs with reported subfertility problems. Sperm parameters from 39 fertile dogs were measured in fresh semen and frozen thawed semen. Additionally, frozen semen from 9 subfertile dogs was thawed and analyzed. Subfertile dogs were defined by referring veterinarians solely on the basis of owner history; breeding records were not available to this study. Evaluation included total motility (TM) and progressive motility (PM), average path velocity (VAP), viability, morphology and presence of sperm reactive oxygen species (ROS). Fertile males' ages ranged from 1 to 10 years, subfertile males' ages ranged from 4 to 14 years. All dogs were assigned to age groups according to age as young (1-3 years) middle (4-6 years) and senior (>7 years). The effect of sperm state (fresh vs. frozen-thawed), age, and fertility history (fertile vs. subfertile) on the measured endpoints were determined using a mixed effects model. TM showed a negative correlation with age in the frozen-thawed semen. Additionally, TM in fresh semen was higher in all age groups compared to post thaw semen (P < 0.05). PM was higher in all age dogs of fresh semen compared to frozen-thawed semen (P < 0.05). As such, TM and PM in post thaw semen statistically decreased compared to fresh semen regardless of age of stud male (P < 0.05). Differences in VAP were only observed between young and senior age groups in fresh semen (P < 0.05) while young and middle age dogs from fresh semen were different in all age groups for frozen-thawed semen (P < 0.05). ROS was higher in the young frozen-thawed semen compared to the young fresh semen (P < 0.05). When comparing TM, PM and VAP of fertile vs. subfertile dogs, middle aged fertile dogs are different from middle aged and senior subfertile dogs (P < 0.05). No differences were found in measures of ROS between fertile and subfertile. For sperm viability and morphology, differences were observed between all age groups of fertile dogs in comparison to all ages of subfertile dogs (P < 0.05). Sperm motility appeared to be the most affected parameter by freezing damage than any other parameter measured in this study, while we were not able to determine a significant association between ROS production and fertility status.
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6
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Jeong DH, Yang JJ, Seo MK, Lee AN, Lim YK. Effectiveness of urethral catheterization under ultrasound guidance for semen collection from Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus). Theriogenology 2019; 129:154-159. [PMID: 30851479 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The Asiatic black bear (ABB; Ursus thibetanus ussuricus) is a globally endangered species, and measures to help increase their population are necessary. For the successful restoration of this species, artificial breeding as well as conservation translocation are considered important. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of urethral catheterization (UC), which is effectively used in feline species, for semen collection from ABBs and establish the optimal protocol for semen collection via this technique. Seven clinically healthy, adult male ABBs (age, 6-13 years; weight, 130-180 kg) housed at the Species Restoration Technology Institute, Korea were included in this study. All study procedures were performed during the breeding season (June to August) over 3 consecutive years. Semen samples were collected once or three times from all bears by ultrasound-guided UC or electroejaculation (EE) under general anesthesia, and their characteristics, including sperm motility, were evaluated. The day of semen collection was defined as Day 0. The semen collected by the UC method was stored at 4 °C, and sperm motility was evaluated at the same time every day for 16 days. The successful collection rates for the UC and EE methods were 92.3% and 53.8%, respectively. The sperm concentration (4718.9 ± 1526.1 vs. 185.0 ± 34.2 × 106/ml), total sperm count (1196.6 ± 955.5 vs. 100.9 ± 70.0 × 106), sperm motility score (4.39 ± 0.78 vs. 3.00 ± 1.73), viability (98.2 ± 2.3 vs. 82.7 ± 19.6), and the proportion of spermatozoa with intact acrosomes (92.2% ± 9.3% vs. 75.6% ± 10.6%) were higher with the UC method than with the EE method, whereas the proportion of spermatozoa with an abnormal morphology (23.1% ± 4.6% vs. 45.6% ± 19.5%) was lower with the former than with the latter. Over the course of cool storage, there was an overall decrease in the total motility, progressive motility, and viability, although viability was >50% until Day 10. These findings suggest that ultrasound-guided UC is a useful and feasible tool for the collection of high-quality semen from ABBs. The collected semen remains viable for up to 10 days, with high sperm motility maintained for up to 7 days, when stored at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyuk Jeong
- Species Restoration Technology, Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, 57616, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Jin Yang
- Species Restoration Technology, Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, 57616, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Kyo Seo
- Species Restoration Technology, Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, 57616, Republic of Korea
| | - An-Na Lee
- Species Restoration Technology, Institute of Korea National Park Service, Gurye, 57616, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyu Lim
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
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7
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Hardneck F, Israel G, Pool E, Maree L. Quantitative assessment of heavy metal effects on sperm function using computer-aided sperm analysis and cytotoxicity assays. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13141. [PMID: 30225848 DOI: 10.1111/and.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
One known environmental risk factor impacting on human reproduction is heavy metal pollution. Although some metals (e.g., Cu, Se and Zn) have protective effects on the male reproductive system in low doses, heavy metals can accumulate to toxic levels and result in poor semen quality and decreased sperm function. We investigated the effect of CuSO4 and CdCl2 (10, 50, 100 and 250 µg/ml or 500 µg/ml) on human sperm motility and vitality by using computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) and two cytotoxicity assays (WST-1 and XTT). Several sperm motility parameters were significantly reduced after 5 hr of exposure to the highest concentrations of CuSO4 (250 µg/ml) and CdCl2 (500 µg/ml). The WST-1 assay also revealed significantly lower absorbance values for 50, 100 and 250 µg/ml CuSO4 and for 500 µg/ml CdCl2 ; however, no significant effect was seen with XTT. The calculated average IC50 value was 50.31± 4.34 µg/ml for CuSO4 and 392.32 ±76.79 µg/ml for CdCl2 . The effects of these metals were confirmed with MgCl2 , a positive control. This study provides threshold concentrations for the harmful effect of CuSO4 and CdCl2 on human spermatozoa and recommends the use of WST-1 as vitality assay in future in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farren Hardneck
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Gadieja Israel
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Edmund Pool
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Liana Maree
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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8
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Tesi M, Sabatini C, Vannozzi I, Di Petta G, Panzani D, Camillo F, Rota A. Variables affecting semen quality and its relation to fertility in the dog: A retrospective study. Theriogenology 2018; 118:34-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Characterization and cryopreservation of Amur leopard cats (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) semen collected by urethral catheterization. Theriogenology 2018; 119:91-95. [PMID: 29982141 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Amur leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a globally endangered species, and there is thus an urgent need to increase its population. The objectives of this study were to: (1) confirm the utility of urethral catheterization (UC) for semen collection from Amur leopard cats; (2) investigate proper dilution media for fresh semen; and (3) investigate the effectiveness of sperm cryopreservation, including examining the effect of glycerol concentration. Six adult males in captivity (mean weight 5.03 ± 0.44 kg, aged 2-6 years) were included. All study procedures were performed during the breeding season (February to April) over two consecutive years. Semen samples (n = 28) were collected four or five times from each animal (four times for two animals and five times for four animals) by UC under general anaesthesia, and their characteristics (including sperm motility) were evaluated. First, the sperm motility in semen diluted in Ham's F-10 or phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was compared. Next, semen diluted with TEST-yolk buffer containing 2%, 4%, or 6% glycerol was frozen in a liquid nitrogen tank, and sperm motility and acrosome integrity were evaluated after thawing. No difference in motility was observed between sperm diluted in Ham's F-10 and PBS. The percentages of sperm motility and kinetic values in semen frozen in 2% or 4% glycerol were higher than those in semen stored in 6% glycerol. In conclusion, the UC method for semen collection is recommendable for Amur leopard cats and should be useful for artificial insemination. Although sperm motility decreased after thawing, samples thus preserved may be usable for advanced reproductive techniques, such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in-vitro fertilization.
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10
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Cavallin MD, Wilk R, Oliveira IM, Cardoso NCS, Khalil NM, Oliveira CA, Romano MA, Romano RM. The hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis and the testicular function are modulated after silver nanoparticle exposure. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:102-116. [PMID: 30090567 PMCID: PMC6060733 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00236j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industrial and medical applications and humans may be exposed through different routes, increasing the risk of toxicity. We investigated the transcript expression of genes involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis and the parameters associated with sperm functionality after prepubertal exposure. AgNPs modulated the transcript expression of genes involved in the control of the HPT axis and spermatogenesis in the groups treated with lower doses, while the functional parameters related to sperm and puberty were affected in the groups administered higher doses. These results suggest that the HPT axis is disrupted by AgNPs during the prepubertal and pubertal periods, which are highly susceptible windows for the endocrine-disrupting chemical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Cavallin
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
| | - R Wilk
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
| | - I M Oliveira
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
| | - N C S Cardoso
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
| | - N M Khalil
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil
| | - C A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Hormonal Dosages , Department of Animal Reproduction , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Sao Paulo , Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva , 87 , 05508-270 , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - M A Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
| | - R M Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology , Department of Pharmacy , State University of Centro-Oeste , Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa , 03 , 85040-080 , Parana , Brazil .
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Abstract
We aimed to compare the effect of three different permeating cryoprotectants on the post-thaw spermatozoa quality. Pooled semen from Oravka cock line (n = 6) was diluted in Kobidil+ extender and frozen in cryoprotectant solutions containing 8% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 8% ethylene glycol (EG) or 8% glycerol (GL) in liquid nitrogen vapours before being plunged into the liquid nitrogen. Spermatozoa motility parameters were assessed in vitro after freezing-thawing by a computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) system and viability status was examined using fluorescent probes. The lower percentage (P < 0.05) of motile and progressively moving spermatozoa immediately after thawing were obtained in all experimental groups (DMSO, EG, GL) compared with the control. Significant (P < 0.05) differences in total motility and progressive movement between GL and DMSO, EG groups were observed. However, the higher number (P < 0.05) of acrosome damaged spermatozoa was found in the DMSO and EG groups and no significant differences were observed in the GL group compared with the control. Differences (P < 0.05) between experimental groups and the control in the results of spermatozoa necrosis were observed. No significant differences in the percentage of apoptotic spermatozoa were found between control and experimental groups. However, significant differences (P < 0.05) in number of live and necrotic spermatozoa between GL and DMSO, EG groups were examined. The findings of the present study indicate that glycerol seems to be suitable for semen cryopreservation in the gene banks. In addition, fertility evaluation in vivo is needed in order to evaluate the possible contribution for the bank of animal genetic resources.
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12
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KHAN MH, SINHA PAPIYA, HAZARIKA SB, PERUMAL P. Study on sperm motility and velocity parameters of freshly collected mithun semen through computer-assisted sperm analyser (CASA). THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v87i3.68849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of mithun semen by computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA). Ejaculates (50) were analysed by CASA. Semen motility was evaluated for kinetics parameters. The percentage of total motile and progressive motile spermatozoa were determined. Several velocities parameters were also determined viz., average path velocity (VAP, μm/s), track speed (VCL,μm/s), progressive velocity (VSL, μm/s), lateral amplitude (ALH), beat frequency (BCF, Hz), straightness (%), elongation (%), linearity (%), and area (μm sq). The result revealed a strong positive correlation between various CASA parameters (PMOTVAP, PMOT- VSL, VAP-VSL, VAP-ALH, VSL-ALH, STR-LIN).The present study confirmed the usefulness of CASA for a quick and objective analysis of sperm concentration, motility and other velocity parameters.
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13
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Farooq U, Malecki IA, Mahmood M, Martin GB. Appraisal and standardization of curvilinear velocity (VCL) cut-off values for CASA analysis of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica
) sperm. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:389-396. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Farooq
- School of Animal Biology M085; Faculty of Science; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture M082; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
- Department of Poultry Science; Sub Campus Toba Tek Singh; University of Agriculture Faisalabad; Pakistan
| | - IA Malecki
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture M082; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
- Department of Animal Sciences; University of Stellenbosch; Matieland South Africa
| | - M Mahmood
- Department of Math; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - GB Martin
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture M082; The University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
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Effect of different semen extenders for the storage of chilled sperm in Tigrina ( Leopardus tigrinus ). Theriogenology 2017; 89:146-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Romano RM, Gomes SN, Cardoso NCS, Schiessl L, Romano MA, Oliveira CA. New insights for male infertility revealed by alterations in spermatic function and differential testicular expression of thyroid-related genes. Endocrine 2017; 55:607-617. [PMID: 27066791 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The impact of thyroid hormone (TH) disorders on male reproductive biology has been a controversial issue for many years. Recently, we reported that hypothyroid male rats have a disruption of the seminiferous epithelium, which may compromise spermatogenesis. To improve the understanding of the reproductive pathogenesis of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, male Wistar rats that developed these dysfunctions in adulthood were used as an experimental model. We evaluated the sperm production, reserves, transit time, morphology, and functionality (acrosome integrity, plasma membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity), and the testicular expression of the TH receptors (Thra1 and Thra2, Thrb1, and Thrb2), deiodinases (Dio2 and Dio3), and the Mct8 transporter (Slc16a2) were assessed by reverse transcription followed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results were evaluated statistically by ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (P < 0.05). Hypothyroidism decreased the total and daily sperm productions and increased the sperm transit time through the epididymis, while the sperm functionality was reduced in both thyroid dysfunctions. Regarding the modulation of gene expression in the testis, hypothyroidism increased the expression of Thra1 and decreased the expression of Dio3, and hyperthyroidism increased the expression of Slc16a2. The observed alterations in spermatic production and function and in the expression of the TH receptor, deiodinase, and the TH transporter are suggestive of TH participation in spermatogenesis in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Marino Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, Guarapuava, Parana, 85040-080, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil.
| | - Samantha Nascimento Gomes
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, Guarapuava, Parana, 85040-080, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Carolina Scandolara Cardoso
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, Guarapuava, Parana, 85040-080, Brazil
| | - Larissa Schiessl
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, Guarapuava, Parana, 85040-080, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Rua Simeao Camargo Varela de Sa, 03, Guarapuava, Parana, 85040-080, Brazil
| | - Claudio Alvarenga Oliveira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, Sao Paulo, 05508-270, Brazil
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Daub L, Geyer A, Reese S, Braun J, Otzdorff C. Sperm membrane integrity in fresh and frozen–thawed canine semen samples: a comparison of vital stains with the NucleoCounter SP-100. Theriogenology 2016; 86:651-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Orsztynowicz M, Pawlak P, Podstawski Z, Nizanski W, Partyka A, Gotowiecka M, Kosiniak-Kamysz K, Lechniak D. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number in Spermatozoa of Fertile Stallions. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:378-85. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Orsztynowicz
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Poznan Poland
| | - P Pawlak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Poznan Poland
| | - Z Podstawski
- Department of Horse Breeding; University of Agriculture in Krakow; Krakow Poland
| | - W Nizanski
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wroclaw Poland
| | - A Partyka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wroclaw Poland
| | - M Gotowiecka
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals; Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wroclaw Poland
| | - K Kosiniak-Kamysz
- Department of Horse Breeding; University of Agriculture in Krakow; Krakow Poland
| | - D Lechniak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Poznan Poland
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Šichtař J, Šimoník O, Folková P, Dokoupilová A, Rajmon R, Svobodová I, Jebavý L. The Quality of Frozen-thawed Canine Semen With Respect to Semen Extender Composition and Sequence of Ejaculate Collection in Dogs. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201664010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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The characterisation and cryopreservation of Venda chicken semen. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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20
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Karger S, Geiser B, Grau M, Burfeind O, Heuwieser W, Arlt S. Prognostic value of a pre-freeze hypo-osmotic swelling test on the post-thaw quality of dog semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 166:141-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Nascimento PS, Chaves MS, Santos Filho ASD, Guido SI, Guerra MMP, Bartolomeu CC. PRODUÇÃO IN VITRO DE EMBRIÕES UTILIZANDO-SE SÊMEN SEXADO DE TOUROS 5/8 GIROLANDO. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1089-6891v16i332156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
<title>Resumo</title><p>Avaliou-se a taxa de produção de blastocisto <italic>"in vitro"</italic>utilizando-se o sêmen bovino sexado. Foram utilizados três reprodutores para verificar a variação individual do sêmen, taxas de clivagem e produção embrionária. O trabalho utilizou-se de biotécnicas reprodutivas, análise computadorizada do sêmen pós-descongelação e sondas fluorescentes para análises de integridade da célula espermática (membrana plasmática, membrana acrossomal e potencial mitocondrial). Um total de 959 oócitos passou por etapas de maturação <italic>in vitro,</italic> fertilização <italic>in vitro</italic> (sexado, n= 473; convencional, n = 486) e cultivo <italic>in vitro</italic>. A taxa de clivagem foi observada no D2 e a de blastocistos no D7. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa SPSS 16.0 empregando-se a análise de variância (ANOVA), sendo o teste t-Student usado para detectar diferenças entre os grupos e o Qui-quadrado para análise dos resultados da produção <italic>in vitro</italic>(P< 0,05). Os resultados diferiram entre o sêmen convencional (31,06%) e sexado (21,10%) para produção de blastocisto. Quando comparada a produção de blastocisto individualmente nas amostras de sêmen sexado (27,69%; 17,93% e 25,56%, touros 1, 2 e 3, respectivamente), percebeu-se que T2 < T1 e T1=T3 e T2=T3. Quanto às análises de cinética espermática, as amostras de sêmen sexado mostraram diferenças entre os touros nas variáveis velocidade curvilínea, velocidade linear e velocidade do trajeto em que o T1(117,7±1,6 µm/s; 60,0±0,3 µm/s; 73,6±0,4 µm/s, respectivamente) quando comparado aos touros T2 (80,2±2,3 µm/s; 47,0±2,0 µm/s; 57,7±0,9 µm/s, respectivamente) e T3 (86,4±5,7 µm/s; 46,2±2,7 µm/s; 53,8±2,8 µm/s, respectivamente) obteve valores mais elevados. As análises da integridade da célula espermática não diferiram entre as amostras de sêmen convencional, já no sêmen sexado a integridade de membrana foi a variável que diferiu estatisticamente entre os touros, em que o T1 (38 ±2,7) diferiu do T3(53,8± 1,8) (P=0,009), mas não divergiu do T2 (44,1±4,4). É possível concluir que o sêmen sexado foi menos eficiente na produção de blastocisto quando comparado ao sêmen convencional. As análises de cinética e de integridade foram compatíveis com o potencial fertilizante das amostras de sêmen em touros da raça 5/8 Girolando.</p>
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23
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Validation of merocyanine 540 staining as a technique for assessing capacitation-related membrane destabilization of fresh dog sperm. Theriogenology 2015; 83:1451-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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de Souza MB, England GCW, Mota Filho AC, Ackermann CL, Sousa CVS, de Carvalho GG, Silva HVR, Pinto JN, Linhares JCS, Oba E, da Silva LDM. Semen quality, testicular B-mode and Doppler ultrasound, and serum testosterone concentrations in dogs with established infertility. Theriogenology 2015; 84:805-10. [PMID: 26116053 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Retrospective examination of breeding records enabled the identification of 10 dogs of normal fertility and 10 dogs with established infertility of at least 12 months of duration. Comparisons of testicular palpation, semen evaluation, testicular ultrasound examination, Doppler ultrasound measurement of testicular artery blood flow, and measurement of serum testosterone concentration were made between the two groups over weekly examinations performed on three occasions. There were no differences in testicular volume (cm(3)) between the two groups (fertile right testis = 10.77 ± 1.66; fertile left testis = 12.17 ± 2.22); (infertile right testis = 10.25 ± 3.33; infertile left testis = 11.37 ± 3.30), although the infertile dogs all had subjectively softer testes compared with the fertile dogs. Infertile dogs were either azoospermic or when they ejaculated, they had lower sperm concentration, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa than fertile dogs. Furthermore, infertile dogs had reduced sperm membrane integrity measured via the hypoosmotic swelling test. Infertile dogs had significantly lower basal serum testosterone concentrations (1.40 ± 0.62 ng/mL) than fertile dogs (1.81 ± 0.87 ng/mL; P < 0.05). There were subjective differences in testicular echogenicity in some of the infertile dogs, and important differences in testicular artery blood flow with lower peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities measured in the distal supratesticular artery, marginal testicular artery, and intratesticular artery of infertile dogs (P < 0.05). Notably, resistance index and pulsatility index did not differ between infertile and fertile dogs. These findings report important differences between infertile and fertile dogs which may be detected within an expanded breeding soundness examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mírley Barbosa de Souza
- Laboratory of Carnivore Reproduction, Veterinary School, State University, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Gary C W England
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Camila Louise Ackermann
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - José Nicodemos Pinto
- Laboratory of Carnivore Reproduction, Veterinary School, State University, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Eunice Oba
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Veterinary Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Wisniewski P, Romano RM, Kizys MML, Oliveira KC, Kasamatsu T, Giannocco G, Chiamolera MI, Dias-da-Silva MR, Romano MA. Adult exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) in Wistar rats reduces sperm quality with disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. Toxicology 2015; 329:1-9. [PMID: 25575453 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2014] [Revised: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive physiology involves complex biological processes that can be disrupted by exposure to environmental contaminants. The effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on spermatogenesis and sperm quality is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the reproductive toxicity of BPA at dosages considered to be safe (5 or 25mg BPA/kg/day). We assessed multiple sperm parameters, the relative expression of genes involved in the central regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, and the serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol, LH and FSH. BPA exposure reduced sperm production, reserves and transit time. Significant damage to the acrosomes and the plasma membrane with reduced mitochondrial activity and increased levels of defective spermatozoa may have compromised sperm function and caused faster movement through the epididymis. BPA exposure reduced the serum concentrations of testosterone, LH and FSH and increased the concentration of estradiol. The relative gene expression revealed an increase in gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (Gnrhr), luteinizing hormone beta (Lhb), follicle stimulating hormone beta (Fshb), estrogen receptor beta (Esr2) and androgen receptor (Ar) transcripts in the pituitary and a reduction in estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) transcripts in the hypothalamus. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that adult male exposure to BPA caused a reduction in sperm production and specific functional parameters. The corresponding pattern of gene expression is indicative of an attempt by the pituitary to reestablish normal levels of LH, FSH and testosterone serum concentrations. In conclusion, these data suggest that at dosages previously considered nontoxic to reproductive function, BPA compromises the spermatozoa and disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, causing a state of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Wisniewski
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Parana, Brazil
| | - Renata M Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Parana, Brazil
| | - Marina M L Kizys
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelen C Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Teresa Kasamatsu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Giannocco
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria I Chiamolera
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magnus R Dias-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marco A Romano
- Laboratory of Reproductive Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Centro-Oeste, Parana, Brazil.
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26
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Marchiani S, Tamburrino L, Olivito B, Betti L, Azzari C, Forti G, Baldi E, Muratori M. Characterization and sorting of flow cytometric populations in human semen. Andrology 2014; 2:394-401. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Marchiani
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Center of Excellence DeNothe; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - L. Tamburrino
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Center of Excellence DeNothe; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - B. Olivito
- Pediatric Section; Department of Health Sciences; University of Florence; Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital; Florence Italy
| | - L. Betti
- Pediatric Section; Department of Health Sciences; University of Florence; Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital; Florence Italy
| | - C. Azzari
- Pediatric Section; Department of Health Sciences; University of Florence; Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital; Florence Italy
| | - G. Forti
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Center of Excellence DeNothe; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - E. Baldi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Center of Excellence DeNothe; University of Florence; Florence Italy
| | - M. Muratori
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit; Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences; Center of Excellence DeNothe; University of Florence; Florence Italy
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27
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Rijsselaere T, Van Soom A, Maes D, Nizanski W. Computer-assisted sperm analysis in dogs and cats: an update after 20 years. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 6:204-7. [PMID: 23279500 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In dogs and cats, computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) was originally described almost 20 years ago. Subsequently, numerous CASA systems were validated and used for various applications in dogs and to a lesser extent in cats. CASA systems offer an accurate, rapid, objective and simultaneous assessment of different semen parameters allowing the visualization of subtle changes in sperm characteristics, which cannot be identified by conventional semen analysis. The main problems of these computerized measuring devices are the relatively high investment costs and the need for standardization and validation before any practical use is possible. In comparison with automated motility and concentration assessment, automated morphometry and morphology assessment is more complex and time-consuming. Once validated, CASA systems can be routinely used in veterinary centres for assessment of fertility and for the improvement of sperm diluters, cooling and cryopreservation procedures in dogs and cats. Furthermore, information obtained by CASA systems could also be important when monitoring for example the effect of environmental stress on spermatozoa and for toxicity studies. In cats, CASA is less documented, and most studies describe the characteristics of epididymal sperm, which is frequently used for in vitro fertilization in cats. Implementation of the CASA technique in cat reproduction could be interesting to further optimize assisted reproductive techniques in domestic cats and endangered wild felids.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rijsselaere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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28
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Niżański W, Partyka A, Rijsselaere T. Use of fluorescent stainings and flow cytometry for canine semen assessment. Reprod Domest Anim 2013; 47 Suppl 6:215-21. [PMID: 23279503 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, appreciable progress has been noted in canine semen assessment techniques. The common use of accurate and sensitive diagnostic methods, such as computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), flow cytometry and sperm penetration tests have become routine procedures in specialized andrology laboratories. Many fluorescent probes have been applied to the assessment of specific sperm characteristics in dogs. Flow cytometry enables the observation of cell characteristics such as size, shape and function of the spermatozoon, that can be revealed by a fluorochrome or fluorescent label. The analysis of events detected on dot plots gives accurate and highly reliable information on membrane integrity, acrosomal status, mitochondrial activity, capacitation status, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis and DNA damage. Despite the development of these modern and accurate tools, it is still questionable if the ideal method of semen evaluation, allowing predicting of the fertilizing potential of semen, has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Niżański
- Department of Reproduction, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
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29
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Maree L, van der Horst G. Quantification and identification of sperm subpopulations using computer-aided sperm analysis and species-specific cut-off values for swimming speed. Biotech Histochem 2013; 88:181-93. [PMID: 23331185 DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2012.757366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Motility is an essential characteristic of all flagellated spermatozoa and assessment of this parameter is one criterion for most semen or sperm evaluations. Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) can be used to measure sperm motility more objectively and accurately than manual methods, provided that analysis techniques are standardized. Previous studies have shown that evaluation of sperm subpopulations is more important than analyzing the total motile sperm population alone. We developed a quantitative method to determine cut-off values for swimming speed to identify three sperm subpopulations. We used the Sperm Class Analyzer(®) (SCA) CASA system to assess the total percentage of motile spermatozoa in a sperm preparation as well as the percentages of rapid, medium and slow swimming spermatozoa for six mammalian species. Curvilinear velocity (VCL) cut-off values were adjusted manually for each species to include 80% rapid, 15% medium and 5% slow swimming spermatozoa. Our results indicate that the same VCL intervals cannot be used for all species to classify spermatozoa according to swimming speed. After VCL intervals were adjusted for each species, three unique sperm subpopulations could be identified. The effects of medical treatments on sperm motility become apparent in changes in the distribution of spermatozoa among the three swimming speed classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maree
- Department of Medical Bioscience , University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535 , South Africa.
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30
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Gallego V, Carneiro P, Mazzeo I, Vílchez M, Peñaranda D, Soler C, Pérez L, Asturiano J. Standardization of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) sperm motility evaluation by CASA software. Theriogenology 2013; 79:1034-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Peres MA, da Rocha AM, Vannucchi CI, Mendes CM, Cavalcanti PV, Nichi M, Ambrosio CE, Miglino MA, Visintin JA, D'Ávila Assumpção MEO. Semen analysis of Golden Retriever healthy dogs and those affected by muscular dystrophy. Andrologia 2013; 46:277-82. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Peres
- Department of Surgery; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. M. da Rocha
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology; Medical School; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - C. I. Vannucchi
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - C. M. Mendes
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - P. V. Cavalcanti
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. Nichi
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - C. E. Ambrosio
- Department of Basic Sciences; School of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. A. Miglino
- Department of Surgery; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - J. A. Visintin
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - M. E. O. D'Ávila Assumpção
- Department of Animal Reproduction; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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Uchoa DC, Silva TFP, Mota Filho AC, Silva LDM. Intravaginal Artificial Insemination in Bitches Using Frozen/Thawed Semen after Dilution in Powdered Coconut Water (ACP-106c). Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 6:289-92. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DC Uchoa
- Grande Canafístula Kennel/Inseminar Reprodução Animal; Fortaleza; Brazil
| | - TFP Silva
- Laboratory of Carnivore Reproduction; Veterinary School; State University of Ceará; Fortaleza; Brazil
| | - AC Mota Filho
- Laboratory of Carnivore Reproduction; Veterinary School; State University of Ceará; Fortaleza; Brazil
| | - LDM Silva
- Laboratory of Carnivore Reproduction; Veterinary School; State University of Ceará; Fortaleza; Brazil
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Goericke-Pesch S, Klaus D, Failing K, Wehrend A. Longevity of chilled canine semen comparing different extenders. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 135:97-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2012.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Goericke-Pesch S, Failing K. Retrospective analysis of canine semen evaluations with special emphasis on the use of the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test and acrosomal evaluation using Spermac(®). Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:213-7. [PMID: 22686258 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Routine semen evaluation includes volume, motility, vital staining for live-dead ratio and pathomorphology including Spermac(®) staining for evaluation of the acrosome. In recent years, depending on the species, also the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test has been applied routinely for evaluation of semen quality. In this respect, a significant correlation between the ability of spermatozoa to swell in HOS test and the fertilizing ability has been reported. Also for evaluation of dog semen, reference has been made to the HOS test; however, its correlation to conventional semen parameters so far is discussed controversially. In the present study, the results of 400 semen examinations from stud dogs presented at our clinic were evaluated for their correlations between conventional semen parameters (motility, live/dead ratio, pathomorphology), conventional semen parameters and age, Spermac(®) staining and HOS test, respectively. We found a significant correlation of age and sperm concentration (p < 0.01), total sperm count (p < 0.0001), percentage of progressively motile sperm (p < 0.01) and live spermatozoa (p = 0.012). Furthermore, several correlations between conventional semen parameters were identified. Percentage of sperm with normal acrosome identified by Spermac (®) staining correlated significantly with live spermatozoa (p < 0.0001) and percentage of progressively motile sperm (p < 0.01). A significant correlation was proven between curled tails in HOS test and age (p < 0.001), motility (p < 0.0001), live sperm (p < 0.0001), acrosomal status (p < 0.05), pathomorphology (p < 0.0001) and sperm concentration (p = 0.011). These results indicate that Spermac(®) staining and the HOS test are useful in improving canine semen analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goericke-Pesch
- Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany.
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Santana M, Batista M, Alamo D, González F, Niño T, Cabrera F, Gracia A. Influence of cool storage before freezing on the quality of frozen-thawed semen samples in dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:165-70. [PMID: 22681386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determinate the semen quality of frozen-thawed samples that were chilled for up to 2 days before freezing. The ejaculates (n = 18) from six dogs were collected, pooled and divided into six aliquots. The first aliquot (C, control) was frozen in liquid nitrogen using a conventional protocol to reach a final concentration of 100 × 10(6) spermatozoa/ml, 20% egg yolk and 5% glycerol. The remaining five aliquots were diluted with a chilled extender (Tris-glucose and 20% egg yolk) and cooled at 4 °C as follows: R1, the semen was cooled for 1 h; R6, the semen was cooled for 6 h; R12, the semen was cooled for 12 h; R24, the semen was cooled for 24 h and R48, the semen was cooled for 48 h. After the chilling period, a second extender was added (Tris-glucose, 20% egg yolk, 10% glycerol and Equex at 1%) to reach a final composition similar to aliquot C, and then, the semen samples (R1, R6, R12, R24 and R48) were frozen in liquid nitrogen. The post-thaw sperm quality was assessed in 30 straws from each experimental group. After freezing-thawing, the total sperm motility (approximately 60-70%) in the semen chilled for up to 48 h did not show any differences from the samples frozen by the conventional cryopreservation method (63.2%). No significant differences were detected in the percentages of abnormal sperm cells among the fresh semen, the control group and the frozen samples after the different cooling times. Finally, the post-thaw percentages of damaged acrosomes showed a very uniform distribution, with mean values ranging between 7% and 10.5%. The results clearly demonstrated that cooling the semen up to 48 h before freezing did not produce a decrease in the semen quality when was compared with semen frozen by a traditional procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Santana
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
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Batista M, Santana M, Alamo D, González F, Niño T, Cabrera F, Gracia A. Effects of Incubation Temperature and Semen Pooling on the Viability of Fresh, Chilled and Freeze-Thawed Canine Semen Samples. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47:1049-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dorado J, Rijsselaere T, Muñoz-Serrano A, Hidalgo M. Influence of sampling factors on canine sperm motility parameters measured by the Sperm Class Analyzer. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2011; 57:318-25. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2011.627081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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38
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Additional value of computer assisted semen analysis (CASA) compared to conventional motility assessments in pig artificial insemination. Theriogenology 2011; 76:1473-86.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Santana M, Batista M, Alamo D, Cabrera F, González F, Gracia A. Influence of sexual stimulation and the administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin on plasma testosterone levels in dogs. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:e43-6. [PMID: 21988613 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of sexual stimulation and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) administration on plasma testosterone concentrations was assessed in five male Beagles. Each dog was exposed to three experimental treatments: C treatment (Control, no stimulation), hCG treatment (dogs were SC injected with 1000 IU of hCG) and sexually stimulated (SS) treatment where semen was collected from the males. All dogs were exposed to all treatments, one per week for three consecutive weeks, with a 1 week of rest between treatments. Blood samples were taken with the same time intervals (0, 10, 30, 60 and 120 min) relative to treatments. Plasma testosterone concentrations were determined with a solid-phase I(125) radioimmunoassay. In the control treatment, the testosterone plasma levels did not show significant changes throughout the tested period (mean values ranging between 2.8 and 4.7 ng/ml); the hCG group presented a significant increase (p < 0.05) in plasma testosterone levels 30 min after hCG administration and had the highest value (8.7 ng/ml) at 120 min post-hCG. Finally, the SS group revealed a slight reduction in testosterone concentration immediately after ejaculation, but the values remained nearly unaltered until 120 min after semen collection. When the groups were compared, the hCG group showed higher plasma testosterone values (p < 0.05) than did the C and SS groups, starting at 30 min and continuing until the end of sampling. This study demonstrates that sexual stimulation associated with semen collection does not produce transitory modifications in plasma testosterone concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Santana
- Unit of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Las Palmas, Spain
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Partyka A, Łukaszewicz E, Niżański W. Flow cytometric assessment of fresh and frozen-thawed Canada goose (Branta canadensis) semen. Theriogenology 2011; 76:843-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 04/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cheuquemán C, Bravo P, Treulén F, Giojalas L, Villegas J, Sánchez R, Risopatrón J. Sperm membrane functionality in the dog assessed by flow cytometry. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:39-43. [PMID: 21535242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01798.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective assessment of sperm function increases the chances of predicting the fertilizing capacity of a fresh semen sample or diagnosing infertility problems. In this study, the available flow cytometry technique was used to determine the membrane functional capacity of canine spermatozoa. The second fractions of ejaculates from six dogs were pooled, and samples (n = 26) processed to determine the variables: sperm viability and plasma membrane integrity by Sybr-14/Pi staining; phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation by Annexin-V-FITC/PI labelling; acrosome membrane integrity by FITC-conjugated Pisum sativum agglutinin/PI labelling; and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) by staining with JC-1. Means for the 26 examined samples indicated that 82.66 ± 2.8% of the viable spermatozoa showed an intact plasma membrane, 8.4 ± 2.6% were moribund, 72.7 ± 16% had an intact acrosome, 80.9 ± 17% had high ΔΨm and 8.1 ± 11% had PS translocation with a PS translocation index of 2.1 ± 3%. Motility was only correlated with PS translocation (R = 0.3901; p = 0.0488), and acrosome membrane integrity was correlated with PS translocation (R = -0.5816; p = 0.0018). This study provides objective physiological data on the functional capacity of canine spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cheuquemán
- Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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42
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Partyka A, Niżański W, Łukaszewicz E. Evaluation of fresh and frozen-thawed fowl semen by flow cytometry. Theriogenology 2010; 74:1019-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Smith CC, Ryan MJ. Evolution of sperm quality but not quantity in the internally fertilized fish Xiphophorus nigrensis. J Evol Biol 2010; 23:1759-71. [PMID: 20626545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.02041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Species with alternative reproductive strategies are characterized by discrete differences among males in suites of traits related to competition for fertilizations. Models predict sneaker males should allocate more resources to their ejaculates because they experience sperm competition more frequently and often occupy a disfavoured 'role' owing to subordinance in intramale competition and female preferences for larger males. We examined whether sperm number and quality differed between male strategies in the internally fertilized fish Xiphophorus nigrensis and explored the relationship between sperm morphology and performance. We found sneaker males had similar testes sizes compared to courting males but ejaculates with both more viable and longer lived sperm. Sneaker sperm also had longer midpieces, which was positively correlated with both velocity and longevity. Our study suggests that the evolution of sperm quantity and quality can be decoupled and that the sperm morphology is likely to play an important role in mediating sperm competition through its effects on sperm performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Smith
- University of Texas at Austin, Section of Integrative Biology, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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Contri A, Valorz C, Faustini M, Wegher L, Carluccio A. Effect of semen preparation on casa motility results in cryopreserved bull spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2010; 74:424-35. [PMID: 20451996 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2009] [Revised: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Computer-assisted sperm analyzers (CASA) have become the standard tool for evaluating sperm motility and kinetic patterns because they provide objective data for thousands of sperm tracks. However, these devices are not ready-to-use and standardization of analytical practices is a fundamental requirement. In this study, we evaluated the effects of some settings, such as frame rate and frames per field, chamber and time of analysis, and samples preparations, including thawing temperature, sperm sample concentration, and media used for dilution, on the kinetic results of bovine frozen-thawed semen using a CASA. In Experiment 1, the frame rate (30-60 frame/s) significantly affected motility parameters, whereas the number of frames per field (30 or 45) did not seem to affect sperm kinetics. In Experiment 2, the thawing protocol affects sperm motility and kinetic parameters. Sperm sample concentration significantly limited the opportunity to perform the analysis and the kinetic results. A concentration of 100 and 50 x 10(6) sperm/mL limited the device's ability to perform the analysis or gave wrong results, whereas 5, 10, 20, and 30 x 10(6) sperm/mL concentrations allowed the analysis to be performed, but with different results (Experiment 3). The medium used for the dilution of the sample, which is fundamental for a correct sperm head detection, affects sperm motility results (Experiment 4). In this study, Makler and Leja chambers were used to perform the semen analysis with CASA devices. The chamber used significantly affected motility results (Experiment 5). The time between chamber loading and analysis affected sperm velocities, regardless of chamber used. Based on results recorded in this study, we propose that the CASA evaluation of motility of bovine frozen-thawed semen using Hamilton-Thorne IVOS 12.3 should be performed using a frame rate of 60 frame/s and 30 frames per field. Semen should be diluted at least at 20 x 10(6) sperm/mL using PBS. Furthermore, it is necessary to consider the type of chamber used and perform the analysis within 1 or 2 min, regardless of the chamber used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Contri
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Teramo, Viale Crispi 212, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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45
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Kim SH, Yu DH, Kim YJ. Effects of cryopreservation on phosphatidylserine translocation, intracellular hydrogen peroxide, and DNA integrity in canine sperm. Theriogenology 2010; 73:282-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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46
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47
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Satorre MM, Breininger E, Beconi MT, Beorlegui NB. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation under capacitating conditions in porcine fresh spermatozoa and sperm cryopreserved with and without alpha tocopherol. Andrologia 2009; 41:184-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00915.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Castro-González D, Alvarez M, Muro J, Esteso MC, de Paz P, Anel L, Martínez-Pastor F. The acidic probe LysoSensor is not useful for acrosome evaluation of cryopreserved ram spermatozoa. Reprod Domest Anim 2009; 45:363-7. [PMID: 19210665 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To try new acrosomal probes for assessing ram spermatozoa, we compared the LysoSensor probe, which labels acidic organelles, with the frequently used peanut agglutinin acrosomal probe (PNA-PE; phycoerythrin as fluorescent moiety). The previous microscopic observations showed a lack of relationship of LysoSensor with acrosomal status. Semen was obtained from five rams and frozen in four pools. Each pool was analysed carrying out a triple staining propidium ioide/PNA-PE/LysoSensor Green DND-189 to test acrosome labelling, and a double staining SYBR-14/PI, to assess sperm viability. Stained samples were analysed by flow cytometry. All measurements were replicated. Data were processed using agreement and repeatability tests. LysoSensor labelling did not agree with PNA (mean of differences: 30.8%; coefficient of agreement: 22.6%), confirming microscopic observations. Nevertheless, when LysoSensor was compared with SYBR-14/PI, the agreement was high (mean of differences: -0.05%; coefficient of agreement: 5.07%). Repeatability of both methods was high and similar. LysoSensor did not seem to specifically stain the acrosome, but it may accumulate in the cytoplasm and label viable spermatozoa. Therefore, LysoSensor might not be used as an acrosomal probe in ram spermatozoa, but it could be used in other kind of studies, taking advantage of its pH sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castro-González
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of León, León, Spain
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49
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Abstract
Compared to human medicine, little is known in canine medicine regarding specific findings on semen evaluation and their correlation with fertility. Suggestions to optimize quality of semen evaluation in veterinary practice include creating standardized protocols for evaluation of all semen parameters and updating those protocols as needed; creating some form of quality control for the clinic laboratory; educating owners about our inability to predict with 100% accuracy whether dogs with poor semen quality never could impregnate a bitch or whether dogs with excellent semen quality always could impregnate a bitch; and generating protocols for further diagnostic work-up for those dogs with abnormal semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Root Kustritz
- University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States.
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50
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Hoflack G, Opsomer G, Rijsselaere T, Van Soom A, Maes D, de Kruif A, Duchateau L. Comparison of Computer-assisted Sperm Motility Analysis Parameters in Semen from Belgian Blue and Holstein?Friesian Bulls. Reprod Domest Anim 2007; 42:153-61. [PMID: 17348972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2006.00745.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Subjective microscopic sperm motility results have recently been demonstrated to differ between Holstein-Friesian (HF) and Belgian Blue (BB) bulls. However, such assessments are rather imprecise. In the present study, sperm motility was assessed objectively by means of the Hamilton Thorne CEROS version 12.2c computer-assisted sperm motility analyser (CASA), and differences between the BB and HF breed could also be demonstrated. Higher percentages of both totally (p < 0.0001) and progressively (p < 0.0001) motile spermatozoa were encountered in the HF breed compared with the BB breed. Furthermore, a lower kinetic efficiency of the BB spermatozoa, evidenced by a lower beat cross-frequency (p = 0.0007) combined with a higher lateral head displacement (p = 0.0015), was the basis for the lower velocity of BB sperm cells. Additionally, BB spermatozoa move less straight forward, resulting in a lower straightness (p < 0.0001). No sperm motility differences were observed between age groups within the BB breed. The breed differences were observed in the examined bull populations residing at AI centres, in Belgium for the BB bulls and in the Netherlands for the HF bulls. However, these bull populations are selected for fertility. A similar pattern was observed in an unselected bull population of both breeds, although these differences were mostly non-significant for the different CASA parameters. Nevertheless, these data suggest that a genetic component might be responsible for the observed sperm motility breed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hoflack
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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