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Barrero Domínguez B, Luque I, Maldonado A, Huerta B, Sánchez M, Gomez Laguna J, Astorga R. Seroprevalence and risk factors of exposure to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in southern Spain. Vet Rec 2017; 180:226. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - I. Luque
- Department of Animal Health; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
| | - A. Maldonado
- Department of Animal Health; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
| | - B. Huerta
- Department of Animal Health; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
| | - M. Sánchez
- Department of Animal Production; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
| | - J. Gomez Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
| | - R. Astorga
- Department of Animal Health; University of Cordoba; Cordoba Spain
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2
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Sánchez JH, Martínez HA, García MM, Garrido G, Gómez L, Aguilar JA, de Andrés DF, Reina R, Ramírez H. The presence of small ruminant lentiviruses in Mexican Pelibuey sheep. Theriogenology 2016; 86:1953-1957.e1. [PMID: 27461580 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The transmission frequency of small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs) through the placenta is controversial and may be associated with breed susceptibility. In Mexico, SRLV infections in sheep have been poorly studied. This work explores the presence of antibodies and proviral DNA in Mexican Pelibuey sheep. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs; three commercial kits and two on the basis of synthetic peptides) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR; amplifying the long terminal repeat and gag segments) were performed to diagnose SRLV infection in 25 adult Pelibuey ewes with an average age of 2.5 years and 32 fetuses with gestational ages ranging from 40 to 90 days without clinical signs of SRLV. Two of the three commercial ELISAs and the synthetic peptide-based ones were positive for SRLV antibody detection in 28% and 24% of the ewes, respectively, whereas none of the fetuses were positive by any of the ELISAs. By PCR, 31% of the ewes and, interestingly, two fetuses were positive. Characteristic SRLV lesions were not found in the fetal and/or ewe tissues, including those with positive PCR results. These findings demonstrate the susceptibility of Pelibuey sheep to SRLV infection and the low transmission frequency through the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- José H Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FESC) Campo 4, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Estado de México, México
| | - Humberto A Martínez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FESC) Campo 4, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Estado de México, México
| | - María M García
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-virología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Germán Garrido
- Laboratorio de apoyo a Histología y Biología, FESC, Campo 4, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, México
| | - Luis Gómez
- Laboratorio de Virología CENID Microbiología Animal, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Forestal Agrícola y Pecuaria (INIFAP), Ciudad de México, México
| | - José A Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-virología, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Damián F de Andrés
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Ramsés Reina
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, UPNA-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Hugo Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Virología, Genética y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán (FESC) Campo 4, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Estado de México, México.
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3
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Fieni F, Lamara A, Ali Al Ahmad MZ, Cortez-Romero C, Pellerin JL. Caprine arthritis encephalitis: an example of risk assessment for embryo trading. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 29:37-51. [PMID: 28278792 DOI: 10.1071/rd16358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of transmission of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) during embryo transfer has been demonstrated in vivo through the detection of CAEV proviral DNA in: (1) flushing media for embryo collection; (2) cells of the cumulus oophorus surrounding the oocytes, ovarian follicle, oviduct and uterine tissues; and (3) testis, epididymis, vas deferens and vesicular glands. Experimentally infected embryos without a zona pellucida (ZP), washed 10 times with Minimum Essential Media (MEM) and 5% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) solution, were capable of transmitting CAEV. In vitro we demonstrated that granulosa, oviductal, epididymal and embryo cells are fully susceptible to CAEV infection and allow active replication. However, AI with in vitro-infected semen can result in the production, after ten washing, of CAEV-free embryos, and ten washing in vitro- or in vivo-infected embryos with an intact ZP, or ten washing oocytes with an intact ZP, resulted in the production of virus-free female gametes or embryos that can be used for IVF or embryo transfer. Therefore, we have demonstrated that: (1) that CAEV-free embryos can be produced by IVF using spermatozoa infected in vitro by CAEV; and (2) embryo transfer can be used under field conditions to produce CAEV-free kids from CAEV-infected biological mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Fieni
- L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes CEDEX 03, France
| | - Ali Lamara
- L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes CEDEX 03, France
| | - Mohamad Zuher Ali Al Ahmad
- L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes CEDEX 03, France
| | - Cesar Cortez-Romero
- L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes CEDEX 03, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pellerin
- L'Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (L'UNAM), Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, Nantes, BP 40706, 44307 Nantes CEDEX 03, France
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4
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Lopes T, Costa J, Ribeiro R, Passos J, Soares M, Alves Filho J, Cunha E, van den Hurk R, Pinheiro A, Silva J. Influence of caprine arthritis encephalitis on expression of ovulation related genes and activation of primordial follicles cultured in presence of phytohemagglutinin, epidermal growth factor or both. Small Rumin Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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5
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Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) replicates productively in cultured epididymal cells from goats. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 36:397-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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6
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Cavalcante FRA, Andrioli A, Pinheiro RR, Souza KCD, Veras AKA, Lopes TA, Sousa SD, Silva PAFD. Detecção do vírus da Artrite Encefalite Caprina por nested PCR e nested RT-PCR em ovócitos e fluido uterino. ARQUIVOS DO INSTITUTO BIOLÓGICO 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1808-16572013000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A Artrite Encefalite Caprina (CAE) é uma enfermidade infectocontagiosa causada por um vírus pertencente ao gênero lentivírus, denominado de vírus da Artrite Encefalite Caprina (CAEV). O CAEV é encontrado em vários tecidos, como o nervoso, o pulmonar, o da glândula mamária e do trato genital masculino e feminino. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho identificar a presença do CAEV, pelas técnicas de diagnóstico moleculares, em ovócitos e fluido uterino, visando avaliar a possibilidade de transmissão do CAEV pela reprodução. Foram selecionadas 13 cabras comprovadamente infectadas, as quais foram submetidas à eutanásia para coleta do aparelho reprodutor, aspiração do fluido uterino e dissecção dos ovários para coleta de ovócitos. Para identificação do CAEV nas amostras coletadas, na forma de provírus e na forma livre, foram realizadas as técnicas de PCRn e RT-PCRn, respectivamente. Observaram-se que 53,8% dos ovócitos foram positivos à técnica de RT-PCRn, enquanto apenas 9,1% foram positivos à PCRn. A técnica de RT-PCRn também identificou o vírus no fluido uterino de 46,1% das fêmeas testadas. Embora as 13 cabras em experimento fossem portadoras do CAEV, 30,8% apresentaram resultados negativos na PCRn e RT-PCRn em todas as amostras analisadas (ovócito e fluido uterino). Conclui-se que a PCRn e a RT-PCRn podem ser utilizadas no diagnóstico da CAE tendo os ovócitos e o fluido uterino como materiais de análise, e que a presença do CAEV nestes materiais aponta para o risco da transmissão do CAEV através das tecnologias reprodutivas aplicadas às fêmeas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tania Azevedo Lopes
- Fundacao Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Brasil
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The risk of small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV) transmission with reproductive biotechnologies: State-of-the-art review. Theriogenology 2013; 79:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 09/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Can caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) be transmitted by in vitro fertilization with experimentally infected sperm? Theriogenology 2012; 77:644-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Ali Al Ahmad MZ, Dubreil L, Chatagnon G, Khayli Z, Theret M, Martignat L, Chebloune Y, Fieni F. Goat uterine epithelial cells are susceptible to infection with Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) in vivo. Vet Res 2012; 43:5. [PMID: 22276529 PMCID: PMC3298472 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9716-43-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine, using immunofluorescence and in situ hybridization, whether CAEV is capable of infecting goat uterine epithelial cells in vivo. Five CAEV seropositive goats confirmed as infected using double nested polymerase chain reaction (dnPCR) on leucocytes and on vaginal secretions were used as CAEV positive goats. Five CAEV-free goats were used as controls. Samples from the uterine horn were prepared for dnPCR, in situ hybridization, and immunofluorescence. The results from dnPCR confirmed the presence of CAEV proviral DNA in the uterine horn samples of infected goats whereas no CAEV proviral DNA was detected in samples taken from the uninfected control goats. The in situ hybridization probe was complementary to part of the CAEV gag gene and confirmed the presence of CAEV nucleic acids in uterine samples. The positively staining cells were seen concentrated in the mucosa of the lamina propria of uterine sections. Finally, laser confocal analysis of double p28/cytokeratin immunolabelled transverse sections of CAEV infected goat uterus, demonstrated that the virus was localized in glandular and epithelial cells. This study clearly demonstrates that goat uterine epithelial cells are susceptible to CAEV infection in vivo. This finding could help to further our understanding of the epidemiology of CAEV, and in particular the possibility of vertical transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Z Ali Al Ahmad
- LUNAM University, Oniris, Nantes-Atlantic National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Sanitary Security of Reproduction Biotechnology Unit, F-44307 Nantes, France.
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Asseged BD, Habtemariam T, Tameru B, Nganwa D. The risk of introduction of equine infectious anemia virus into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada. Theriogenology 2012; 77:445-58. [PMID: 21958631 PMCID: PMC3250577 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deriving horse oocytes in the USA is hampered by the lack of abattoirs processing horse carcasses which could provide abundant quantities of ovaries from slaughtered mares. Therefore, several cloning industries in the USA are attempting to import cloned horse embryos from Canada. Like any agricultural commodity, cloned embryos pose a risk of introduction of exotic animal diseases into the importing country. Under such circumstances, risk assessment could provide an objective, transparent, and internationally accepted means for evaluating the risk. This quantitative risk assessment (QRA) was initiated to determine the risk of introduction of Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) into the USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada. In assessing the risk, a structured knowledge base regarding cloning in relation to Equine infectious anemia (EIA) was first developed. Based on the knowledge base, a scenario tree was developed to determine conditions (with mathematical probabilities) that could lead to the introduction and maintenance of EIAV along the cloning pathway. Parameters for the occurrence of the event at each node were estimated using published literature. Using @Risk software and setting Monte Carlo simulation at 50,000 iterations, the probability of importing an EIAV-infected cloned horse embryo was 1.8 × 10(-9) (R = 1.5 × 10(-12) to 2.9 × 10(-8)). Taking into account the current protocol for equine cloning and assuming the yield of 5 to 30 clones per year, the possible number of EIAV-infected cloned horse embryos ranged from 2.0 × 10(-10) to 9.1 × 10(-5) (Mean = 1.4×10(-6)) per year. Consequently, it would take up to 1.5 × 10(7) (R = 1.6 × 10(4) to 5.1 × 10(10)) years for EIAV to be introduced into the USA. Based on the knowledge base and our critical pathway analysis, the biological plausibility of introducing EIAV into USA via cloned horse embryos imported from Canada is extremely low.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Asseged
- Tuskegee University, Department of Pathobiology, BIMS/CCEBRA, CVMNAH W-B 114, Tuskegee, Alabama, USA.
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11
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Brajon G, Mandas D, Liciardi M, Taccori F, Meloni M, Corrias F, Montaldo C, Coghe F, Casciari C, Giammarioli M, Orrù G. Development and Field Testing of a Real-Time PCR Assay for Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis-Virus (CAEV). Open Virol J 2011; 6:82-90. [PMID: 22888382 PMCID: PMC3414719 DOI: 10.2174/1874357901206010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caprine arthritis/encephalitis (CAE) of goats and occasionally sheep are persistent virus infections caused by a lentivirus (CAEV). This viral infection results in arthritis in adult animals and encephalitis in kids. Prognosis for the encephalitic form is normally poor, with substantial economic loss for the farm. In this context an early/fast laboratory diagnosis for CAEV infection could be useful for effective prophylactic action. In this work we performed a quantitative real time PCR designed on the CAEV env gene to detect/quantify in goat/sheep samples, viral RNA or proviral DNA forms of CAEV. This procedure was validated in 15 sheep, experimentally infected with CAEV or with a highly correlated lentivirus (visna maedi, MVV); in addition, a total of 37 clinical goat specimens recruited in CAEV positive herds were analyzed and compared using serological analysis (Elisa and AGID). All samples infected with MVV resulted negative. In sheep experimentally infected with CAEV, proviral DNA was detectable 15 days post infection, whereas the serological methods revealed an indicative positivity after 40-60 days.This method showed a sensitivity of 102 env fragments/PCR) with a linear dynamic range of quantitation from 103 to 107env fragments/PCR; the R2 correlation coefficient was 0.98. All subjects with a clinical diagnosis for Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis (CAE) resulted CAEV DNA positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Brajon
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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Cortez-Romero C, Fieni F, Russo P, Pepin M, Roux C, Pellerin JL. Presence of Maedi Visna Virus (MVV)-Proviral DNA in the Genital Tissues of Naturally Infected Ewes. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 46:e1-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Romero CC, Pellerin J, Poulin N, Cognié Y, Chebloune Y, Pépin M, Fieni F. Maedi-Visna virus was detected in association with virally exposed IVF-produced early ewes embryos. Theriogenology 2010; 74:682-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Revised: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Amstislavsky SY, Trukshin IS. Cryobanking mammalian embryos: Priorities and the optimal choice of reproductive technologies. Russ J Dev Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360410010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Risk of equine infectious anemia virus disease transmission through in vitro embryo production using somatic cell nuclear transfer. Theriogenology 2009; 72:289-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 03/20/2009] [Accepted: 03/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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