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Khonmee J, Brown JL, Pérez AL, Lertwichaikul T, Sathanawongs A, Pornnimitra P, Areewong C, Supanta J, Punyapornwithaya V, Buddhasiri S, Punturee K. Effect of Electroejaculation Protocols on Semen Quality and Concentrations of Testosterone, Cortisol, Malondialdehyde, and Creatine Kinase in Captive Bengal Tigers. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1893. [PMID: 37370403 DOI: 10.3390/ani13121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is critically endangered, so assisted reproductive technologies, including artificial insemination, are important conservation tools. For wild and domestic felids, electroejaculation (EE) is the most common semen collection method, with protocols optimized to obtain sufficient amounts of viable sperm for artificial insemination. However, less attention has been paid to ensuring animal wellbeing during the process. This study examined the effects of three EE protocols (Low, 2-5 volts; Medium, 3-6 volts; High, 4-7 volts) on semen quality, testicular size, serum testosterone, creatine kinase (CK), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and serum cortisol as a proxy for stress. Blood samples were collected before, during, and after each EE series. Seminal plasma pH, and sperm motility, viability, and morphology were evaluated after each procedure. Seminal plasma and sperm pellet MDA concentrations were also determined. Primary sperm abnormalities and seminal plasma MDA were higher in the Low compared to Medium and High voltage groups (p < 0.05). Serum CK in the High voltage group increased during the EE series (p < 0.05), suggesting the potential for muscle damage. However, no significant changes were observed for serum cortisol, testosterone, or MDA concentrations. Results suggest the Medium voltage protocol produced good quality samples at lower voltages than the High protocol with no negative effect on muscle function, which might be better for animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaruwan Khonmee
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Janine L Brown
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
| | - Anabel López Pérez
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant Conservation Center, Sayaboury 08000, Laos
| | - Teepakorn Lertwichaikul
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Anucha Sathanawongs
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Patchara Pornnimitra
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Areewong
- Tiger Kingdom Chiang Mai, Khum Suea Trakan Co., Ltd., Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand
| | - Jarawee Supanta
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Songphon Buddhasiri
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University-Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Khanittha Punturee
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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The frequency of morphological defects of epididymal sperm in exotic animal species of the family Bovidae kept in the Czech Republic. ACTA VET BRNO 2021. [DOI: 10.2754/avb202190030263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epididymal sperm morphology was evaluated by strict criteria using the DeSMA software. A total of 134 animals from the Dvůr Králové ZOO were included in the study. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of morphological defects of epididymal sperm in animals of the family Bovidae in species that are not native to the Czech Republic and are bred here only in zoos. Our results showed that the frequency of abnormalities was higher in exotic species of the Bovidae family compared to domestic species. Furthermore, the acquired defects prevailed over developmental abnormalities. Cytoplasmic droplets are a characteristic feature of epididymal sperm. Their average prevalence in the whole Bovidae family is almost 30%. However, distal droplets are not considered to be sperm pathology and, therefore, they are not the most frequent defect. The most common abnormalities are acquired head defects, followed by acquired tail defects, and then by acquired neck defects, mainly represented by proximal cytoplasmic droplets. The lowest prevalence was found for developmental abnormalities, with heads being more often affected than tails. The remaining defects were sporadic.
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Zhao P, Xu H, Li D, Xie M, Ni Q, Zhang M, Yao Y. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Chinese Serow ( Capricornis Milneedwardsii). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1616624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Huailiang Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Diyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Xie
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| | - Qingyong Ni
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongfang Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
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Pukazhenthi BS. Saving wild ungulate diversity through enhanced management and sperm cryopreservation. Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:RD15412. [PMID: 27246462 DOI: 10.1071/rd15412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild ungulates throughout the world face the impending risk of extinction. Small founding population size, lack of interest in exhibiting wild ungulates and declining space in zoos are not sustaining ex situ populations. Animals managed in ex situ collections continue to experience >20% neonate loss globally. To ensure population sustainability there is a critical need to: (1) manage ungulates in large herds, increasing mate choice and reproductive efficiency; (2) improve husbandry and genetic management; and (3) develop consistent assisted reproductive technologies, including sperm cryopreservation and AI. Recently, new models in the management of ungulates have begun to emerge. Animal managers and researchers are also beginning to exploit advances in genomics to improve genetic management of their collections. Furthermore, the past decade has witnessed significant advances particularly in semen collection and cryopreservation in numerous species. Advances in gonadal tissue cryopreservation now offer additional opportunities to preserve male genomes. The new knowledge generated is enabling the creation of genetic (sperm) banks to rescue and enhance reproductive management of wild ungulates. The present paper reviews the threats to ungulate populations, the status and relevance of animal management and biomaterial banking efforts to ensure long-term survival of these charismatic species.
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Gong S, Peng R, Jiang L, Deng S, Zou F. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Chinese Serow, Capricornis milneedwardsii (Cetartiodactyla: Caprinae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2014; 27:54-5. [PMID: 24438312 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.873896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese Serow (Capricornis milneedwardsii) is a native species distributed in China and Southeast Asia, and has been listed as one of the Class II national protected species in China. Here we first determined and annotated its complete mitochondrial genome. The mito-genome of Chinese Serow is 16,444 bp in length, consisting of two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 22 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, 13 protein-coding genes, and one control region. The overall base composition is A: 33.5%, T: 26.7%, C: 26.6%, and G: 13.2%, with a much higher A + T content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Gong
- a Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education) , College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Rui Peng
- a Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education) , College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Lichun Jiang
- a Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education) , College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Shujing Deng
- a Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education) , College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
| | - Fangdong Zou
- a Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment (Ministry of Education) , College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , PR China
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