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Adiponectin affects uterine steroidogenesis during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle: An in vitro study. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 245:107067. [PMID: 36113273 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reproduction in females is an energetically demanding process. We assumed that adiponectin (ADPN), known for its role in energy balance maintenance, is also engaged in the regulation of uterine steroidogenesis in the pig. We determined the impact of ADPN alone or in combination with insulin (INS) on testosterone (T), estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) secretion by porcine endometrium and myometrium, uterine expression of CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 genes, and endometrial abundance of P450C17 and P450AROM proteins during the peri-implantation period and the oestrous cycle, using radioimmunoassay, qPCR, and Western Blot, respectively. During pregnancy, in the endometrial explants from days 10-11, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 gene expression, P450C17 protein abundance and T secretion, whereas increased E1 secretion. On days 12-13 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression, P450C17 and P450AROM protein abundance and E1 secretion, but stimulated T secretion. On days 15-16 of pregnancy, ADPN decreased P450C17 protein accumulation but enhanced CYP19A3 expression and E1 secretion. On days 27-28 of pregnancy, ADPN increased CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 mRNA content and T secretion in this tissue and decreased P450C17 content. ADPN effect on myometrial explants was dependent on stage of gestation or oestrous cycle. Moreover, INS treatment modulated basal and ADPN-affected steroidogenic enzymes gene and protein expression and steroids secretion. The results obtained indicate that ADPN may affect processes required for successful implantation such as steroidogenesis. ADPN and INS were also shown to modulate each other action, which indicates that the proper course of uterine steroidogenesis may be dependent on both hormones' interaction.
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Effects of orexin A on PTGS2, PTGES, CBR1 and PGFS mRNA transcript abundances and prostaglandin E2 and F2α concentrations in culture medium of pig uterine explants collected during early gestation and the estrogenic cycle. Anim Reprod Sci 2022; 237:106910. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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3
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Yang L, Bai J, Zhao Z, Li N, Wang Y, Zhang L. Differential expression of T helper cytokines in the liver during early pregnancy in sheep. Anim Reprod 2019; 16:332-339. [PMID: 33224295 PMCID: PMC7673597 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver plays important roles in the innate and adaptive immunity, and contributes to the maternal immune adjustments during pregnancy in mice and rats. T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines are related to immune response. However, expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in maternal livers is unclear during early pregnancy in sheep. In this study, livers were collected on day 16 of the estrous cycle and on days 13, 16 and 25 of pregnancy (n = 6 for each group) in ewes, and qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the livers. Our results showed that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were downregulated, and IL-5 was upregulated in the livers during early pregnancy. Furthermore, there was no effect for early pregnancy on expression of TNF-β in the livers, and the IFN-γ protein was limited to the endothelial cells of the proper hepatic arteries and portal veins. In conclusion, early pregnancy exerted its effect on the liver to regulate the Th cytokines expression, but there was no evident shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokines, which may be necessary for the maternal hepatic immune adjustments during early pregnancy in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Jiachen Bai
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Zimo Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Leying Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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Hankele AK, Bauersachs S, Ulbrich SE. Conjugated estrogens in the endometrium during the estrous cycle in pigs. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:336-343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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5
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Nelis H, Wojciechowicz B, Franczak A, Leemans B, D'Herde K, Goossens K, Cornillie P, Peelman L, Van Soom A, Smits K. Steroids affect gene expression, ciliary activity, glucose uptake, progesterone receptor expression and immunoreactive steroidogenic protein expression in equine oviduct explants in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 28:1926-1944. [PMID: 26085435 DOI: 10.1071/rd15044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The oviduct undergoes dramatic functional and morphological changes throughout the oestrous cycle of the mare. To unravel the effects of steroids on the morphology, functionality and gene expression of the equine oviduct, an in vitro oviduct explant culture system was stimulated with physiological concentrations of progesterone and 17β-oestradiol. Four conditions were compared: unsupplemented preovulatory explants, preovulatory explants that were stimulated with postovulatory hormone concentrations, unsupplemented postovulatory explants and postovulatory explants that were stimulated with preovulatory hormone concentrations. The modulating effects of both steroids on oviduct explants were investigated and the following parameters examined: (1) ciliary activity, (2) glucose consumption and lactate production pattern, (3) ultrastructure, (4) mRNA expression of embryotrophic genes, (5) steroidogenic capacities of oviductal explants and (6) progesterone receptor expression. The present paper shows that the equine oviduct is an organ with potential steroidogenic capacities, which is highly responsive to local changes in progesterone and 17β-oestradiol concentrations at the level of morphology, functionality and gene expression of the oviduct. These data provide a basis to study the importance of endocrine and paracrine signalling during early embryonic development in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Nelis
- Ghent University, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bartosz Wojciechowicz
- University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anita Franczak
- University of Warmia and Mazury, Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Oczapowskiego St. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Bart Leemans
- Ghent University, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katharina D'Herde
- Ghent University, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, De Pintelaan 185 4B3, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Goossens
- Ghent University, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pieter Cornillie
- Ghent University, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Luc Peelman
- Ghent University, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Ghent University, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katrien Smits
- Ghent University, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Wojciechowicz B, Kotwica G, Zglejc K, Waszkiewicz E, Franczak A. Expression of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and the effects of LH, FSH and prolactin on oestrone and 17β-oestradiol secretion in the endometrium of pigs during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:975-984. [PMID: 28442048 DOI: 10.1071/rd15430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The endometrium of pregnant and cyclic pigs is a source of oestrone (E1) and 17β-oestradiol (E2). However, the roles of LH, FSH and prolactin (PRL) as regulators of endometrial steroidogenesis, and the presence of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) in the porcine endometrium, remain unknown. Therefore, in the present study we examined 17β-HSD expression and the effects of LH, FSH and PRL on E1 and E2 release in vitro in endometrial explants harvested from gravid pigs on Days 10-11 (embryo migration within the uterus), 12-13 (maternal recognition of pregnancy) and 15-16 (beginning of implantation) and compared them with results obtained in non-gravid pigs. The results show that: (1) endometrial 17β-HSD activity was decreased on Days 15-16 in pregnant and cyclic pigs compared with the preceding days; (2) LH, FSH and PRL increased endometrial E1 secretion on Days 10-11 and 15-16 of pregnancy and on Days 12-13 and 15-16 of the oestrous cycle; and (3) LH, FSH and PRL increased endometrial E2 secretion on Days 15-16 of pregnancy and during the days studied in the oestrous cycle. In conclusion, data suggest that LH, FSH and PRL affect endometrial secretion of estrogens in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wojciechowicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - G Kotwica
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - K Zglejc
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - E Waszkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - A Franczak
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Effect of orexin B on CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression and oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone secretion in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. Animal 2018; 12:1921-1932. [PMID: 29366436 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117003779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Orexin A (OXA) and B (OXB) are hypothalamic neuropeptides identified as regulators of food intake, energy homoeostasis, sleep-wake cycle and arousal. They also create an integrative link between energy homoeostasis and reproduction. Although their functions in the ovaries and testes have been partially explored, to date, less attention has been focused on the role of the peptides in the uterus. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one of orexins - orexin B on oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1) and testosterone (T) secretion by porcine endometrial and myometrial slices as well as the gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes responsible for steroid production (CYP17A1, CYP19A3) during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle (days 10 to 11) and early pregnancy (days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16, 27 to 28). Orexin B suppressed E2 secretion by endometrial slices on days 10 to 11 and 15 to 16 of pregnancy, and days 10 to 11 of the cycle. In the myometrium, OXB inhibited E2 production on days 10 to 11 of pregnancy, whereas on days 12 to 13 it enhanced steroid output. Endometrial E1 release was potentiated by the peptide during all studied periods of the cycle and pregnancy, with the exception of days 12 to 13, when an inhibitory effect was observed. Myometrial secretion of E1 was increased, except on days 27 to 28. Testosterone secretion by endometrial slices was increased on days 12 to 13 and 27 to 28 of pregnancy. On days 10 to 11 of the cycle, T release was stimulated in response to the lowest and decreased under the influence of the highest dose of OXB. In the myometrium, T production was inhibited by OXB on days 10 to 11 of pregnancy and during the corresponding period of the cycle. On days 27 to 28 of pregnancy, T release was potentiated by the lowest dose of OXB. Expression of both genes was modified by OXB depending on the period of pregnancy and the type of examined uterine tissues. Our findings suggest that OXB, through modulation of uterine steroidogenesis, may have a regulatory role in the uterus.
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Koziorowska A, Waszkiewicz EM, Romerowicz-Misielak M, Zglejc-Waszak K, Franczak A. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) generates alterations in the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17β (E 2) in uterine tissues: An in vitro study. Theriogenology 2018; 110:86-95. [PMID: 29353145 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An electromagnetic field (EMF) of extremely low frequency may affect physiological processes in mammals. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an EMF on the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17β (E2) in the porcine uterus. Endometrial and myometrial slices were harvested on days 12-13 of the oestrous cycle and exposed in vitro to an EMF (50 and 120 Hz, 8 mT) for 2 and 4 h in the presence or absence of progesterone (P4). Subsequently, the incubation media were used to determine the concentration of E2 with RIA. Tissues fragments were used to study the expression of CYP19A3 mRNA using Real-Time PCR and the abundance of P450 aromatase using Western Blotting. The 50-Hz EMF increased E2 release from the endometrium and the myometrium at both time points of in vitro incubation. A 120-Hz EMF decreased the endometrial secretion of E2 after 2 h of incubation and did not affect E2 secretion after 4 h. In the myometrium, the 120-Hz EMF increased E2 secretion after 4 h of incubation. In P4-treated uterine fragments, no significant EMF exposition-related changes were observed. Only myometrial fragments incubated in the presence of P4 at 120-Hz EMF (4 h) released higher amounts of E2 due to EMF treatment. The 50-Hz EMF exposure did not change the CYP19A3 mRNA expression in endometrial fragments incubated in the presence or absence of P4. In myometrial fragments, the highest CYP19A3 mRNA expression was observed in fragments not exposed to the 50-Hz EMF and P4-treated tissues compared to that in fragments exposed to 50 Hz EMF and incubated with or without P4 and control (no EMF and no P4) fragments. The EMF at 120 Hz decreased basal endometrial CYP19A3 mRNA expression and did not change the expression in the P4-treated endometrium. In the myometrium, the EMF at 120 Hz increased CYP19A3 mRNA expression in slices incubated without P4 and had no effect in the presence of P4. The EMF exposure (50 and 120 Hz) did not affect P450 aromatase abundance in either the endometrium or the myometrium. In conclusion, the EMF induces changes in the synthesis and release of E2 in uterine tissues harvested during days 12-13 of the oestrous cycle. These changes are related to the EMF frequency used, the time of the exposition and the presence of P4. We suspect that this observed phenomenon might lead to changes in the intrauterine milieu of oestrogen, which is crucial for the proper activity of uterine tissues during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Koziorowska
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, ul. Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | - Ewa Monika Waszkiewicz
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Maria Romerowicz-Misielak
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
| | - Kamila Zglejc-Waszak
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anita Franczak
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Chu Q, Zhou B, Xu F, Chen R, Shen C, Liang T, Li Y, Schinckel AP. Genome-wide differential mRNA expression profiles in follicles of two breeds and at two stages of estrus cycle of gilts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5052. [PMID: 28698542 PMCID: PMC5506030 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04336-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrus expression by gilts and sows is hereditable and important for heat detection. To better understand the molecular biological mechanisms of estrus expression in gilts, the mRNA expression profiles of follicular tissue from Large White gilts in diestrus (LD, n = 3) and estrus (LE, n = 3), and Chinese indigenous Mi gilts in diestrus (MD, n = 2) and estrus (ME, n = 3) were investigated using RNA sequencing. We detected 122,804-335,295 SNPs, 6,140-14,947 InDel and 12 types of AS events (39.57% TSS, 34.90% TTS) in 11 samples. A total of 2,838 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in LD vs MD, LE vs ME, LE vs LD, or ME vs MD comparisons. Two DEGs (ACP5 and PIGS) were observed in all comparisons. Two new genes (ENSSSCG00000028235 and ENSSSCG00000021903) were exclusively expressed in Mi and Large White gilts, respectively. Bioinformatics analyses indicate that these DEGs are involved in single-organism process, catalytic activity, cell adhesion and enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, olfactory transduction, ovarian steroidogenesis, steroid biosynthesis and CAMs signaling pathways. These results of RNA-Seq have provided important information for screening the key functional genes or molecular markers of estrus expression in gilts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingpo Chu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China.
| | - Feilong Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Ruonan Chen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Shen
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Liang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, P.R. China
| | - Allan P Schinckel
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2054, USA
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Yoo I, Han J, Kim M, Jang H, Sa S, Choi SH, Ka H. Expression and regulation of interleukin 6 and its receptor at the maternal-conceptus interface during pregnancy in pigs. Theriogenology 2017; 96:85-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Zglejc K, Franczak A. Peri-conceptional under-nutrition alters the expression of TRIM28 and ZFP57 in the endometrium and embryos during peri-implantation period in domestic pigs. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:542-550. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Zglejc
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
| | - A Franczak
- Department of Animal Physiology; Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology; University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; Olsztyn Poland
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The effect of orexin A on CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression and on oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone secretion in the porcine uterus during early pregnancy and the oestrous cycle. Theriogenology 2016; 90:129-140. [PMID: 28166959 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Orexin A (OXA) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide known for its role in the regulation of food intake and arousal. It is also considered as a link between energy homeostasis and reproduction. Nevertheless, very little is known on the role of this peptide in the uterus. The objective of this study was to investigate OXA effect on oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1), and testosterone (T) secretion by porcine endometrial and myometrial explants and gene expression of key steroidogenic enzymes involved in steroid production, namely cytochrome P450c17 (CYP17A1) and cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19A3), on days 10-11, 12 to 13, 15 to 16 and 27 to 28 of pregnancy and on days 10-11 of the cycle. In endometrium, OXA increased E1 secretion on days 10-11 and 15 to 27 of gestation, and T release on days 12-13. A decrease in E2, E1 and T secretion was noted on days 27-28, 12 to 13 and 10 to 11 of gestation, respectively. OXA enhanced CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 expression on days 15-28 of pregnancy, whereas decreased their expression on days 10-13. In the myometrium, OXA increased E1 secretion on days 10-16 of pregnancy, whereas inhibited the release of E2 and T on days 10-11. CYP17A1 and CYP19A3 genes expression was enhanced on days 27-28 and 12 to 13 of pregnancy, respectively. The expression of both genes was suppressed on days 10-11 and 15 to 16 of pregnancy (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that OXA, via its influence on steroidogenesis, may play a regulatory role in the uterus.
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Szymanska M, Blitek A. Endometrial and conceptus response to exogenous progesterone treatment in early pregnant gilts following hormonally-induced estrus. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 174:56-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Nelis H, Vanden Bussche J, Wojciechowicz B, Franczak A, Vanhaecke L, Leemans B, Cornillie P, Peelman L, Van Soom A, Smits K. Steroids in the equine oviduct: synthesis, local concentrations and receptor expression. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 28:RD14483. [PMID: 25751414 DOI: 10.1071/rd14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroids play an important role in mammalian reproduction and early pregnancy. Although systemic changes in steroid concentrations have been well documented, it is not clear how these correlate with local steroid concentrations in the genital tract. We hypothesised that, in the horse, the preimplantation embryo may be subjected to high local steroid concentrations for several days. Therefore, we measured progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 17?-oestradiol, testosterone and 17?-testosterone concentrations in equine oviductal tissue by ultra-HPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and progesterone, 17?-oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone concentrations in oviduct fluid by radioimmunoassay, with reference to cycle stage and side of ovulation. Progesterone concentrations were high in oviductal tissue and fluid ipsilateral to the ovulation side during dioestrus, whereas other steroid hormone concentrations were not influenced by the side of ovulation. These results suggest that the high ipsilateral progesterone concentration is caused by: (1) contributions from the follicular fluid in the oviduct and diffusion of follicular fluid steroids after ovulation; (2) local transfer of steroids via blood or lymph; (3) local synthesis of progesterone in the oviduct, as evidenced by the expression of steroidogenic enzymes; and (4) a paracrine contribution from follicular cells. These data provide a basis for the study of the importance of endocrine and paracrine signalling during early embryonic development in the horse.
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15
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The effect of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α on estradiol-17β release in the myometrium: the in vitro study on the pig model. Theriogenology 2013; 81:266-74. [PMID: 24139936 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol-17β (E2) is a potent regulator of early pregnancy and the estrous cycle in pigs. Production of E2 occurs in the porcine myometrium, but the factors involved in its regulation are unknown. In this in vitro study, it was investigated whether interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α affect the release of E2 from the porcine myometrium on Days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, and 15 to 16 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. The expression of the cytochrome P450 family 19 (CYP19) gene and the presence of the aromatase cytochrome P450 protein in the myometrium confirmed the ability of the tissue to produce E2. In gravid pigs, the expression of IL1RI mRNA and IL6R mRNA was markedly increased on Days 15 to 16 of gestation, whereas TNFRI mRNA was increased on Days 10 to 11 of gestation. In cyclic pigs, the expression of myometrial IL1RI mRNA did not differ among the studied days, although the expression of IL6R and TNFRI mRNAs was increased on Days 15 to 16. In gravid pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increased myometrial E2 secretion on Days 15 to 16 but did not affect E2 release on Days 10 to 11 and 12 to 13 of pregnancy. In cyclic pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α did not increase myometrial E2 release. In conclusion, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α affected myometrial E2 release in a manner that is dependent on the physiologic status of the female. The porcine myometrium expresses IL1RI, IL6R, and TNFRI genes and is the target tissue for IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In gravid pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α may increase myometrial release of E2 in vitro specifically on Days 15 to 16 of pregnancy. These findings may be of interest to researchers using pigs as an animal model for fetal programming.
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