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Cabeza OI, Parra N, Cerro R, Mansilla R, Sanchez RZ, Gutierrez-Reinoso M, Escribano EH, Castillo R, Rodriguez-Alvarez L, Tavares K, Gaudencio S, Martins L, Hugues FI, Acosta J, Moreno E, Montesino R, García-Herreros M, Casanova FC, Toledo JR, Sanchez O. Development and characterization of a novel variant of long-acting bovine follicle-stimulating hormone (brscFSH). Theriogenology 2024; 226:76-86. [PMID: 38865791 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Assisted reproduction is a key aspect of modern animal breeding, providing valuable assistance in improving breeding programs. In this field, the administration of exogenous hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), plays a crucial role in the induction of multiple ovulations. However, commercial FSH used in veterinary practice has been derived primarily from pituitary glands, obtained mostly from pigs for nearly four decades. Although these hormones have contributed significantly to the advancement of assisted reproductive techniques, they have certain limitations that warrant further improvements. These limitations include contamination with luteinizing hormone (LH), the potential risk of pathogen contamination, the potential to trigger an immune response in non-pig species, and the short half-life in circulation, requiring the implementation of complex 8-dose superovulation schedules. Our research team has developed and characterized a new variant of bovine follicle-stimulating hormone (bscrFSH) to address these limitations. The new hormone is produced recombinantly in CHO cell cultures, with a specific productivity of about 30 pg/cell/day. The bscrFSH can be purified to a high purity of 97 % using a single step of immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). N-glycan analysis of bscrFSH showed that approximately 74 % of the glycans corresponded to charged structures, including mono-, di-, tri-, and tetra-sialylated glycans. Superovulation trials conducted in cattle revealed that bscrFSH, administered at a total dose of about 0.5 μg per kg of body weight, using a decrescent schedule of 4 doses with 24-h intervals, resulted in an average yield of 8-12 transferable embryos per animal. Further research is required; however, the preliminary findings indicate that bscrFSH, currently packaged under the provisional brand name of Cebitropin B, holds potential as a commercial product for assisted reproduction in ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Ignacio Cabeza
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Natalie Parra
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Rita Cerro
- Centro de Biotecnología y Biomedicina Spa., Concepción, Chile
| | | | | | - Miguel Gutierrez-Reinoso
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Carrera de medicina, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), Latacunga, 050150, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Kaio Tavares
- Núcleo de Biologia Experimental (Nubex), Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; FortGen Technologies, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Saul Gaudencio
- Núcleo de Biologia Experimental (Nubex), Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; FortGen Technologies, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Martins
- Núcleo de Biologia Experimental (Nubex), Universidade de Fortaleza (Unifor), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; FortGen Technologies, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Florence I Hugues
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Jannel Acosta
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Ernesto Moreno
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Medellín, 050026, Colombia
| | - Raquel Montesino
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Manuel García-Herreros
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), 2005-048, Santarém, Portugal
| | | | - Jorge R Toledo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Biomedicina Spa., Concepción, Chile; Departamento de Fisiopatología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - Oliberto Sanchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Biomedicina Spa., Concepción, Chile; Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
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Viana JHM, Moura RMD, Martins LP, Figueiredo RA, Siqueira LGB, Fernandes CAC. Superovulating cattle with corifollitropin-alpha, a long-acting recombinant human FSH (rhFSH): Dose-response, half-life, effects on the ovaries, and embryo outcomes. Theriogenology 2024; 226:302-307. [PMID: 38959840 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the superestimulatory and superovulatory responses of cattle treated with corifollitropin-alpha, a long-acting human recombinant FSH (rhFSH). In the first and second experiments, we used Nelore (Bos indicus) heifers previously submitted to follicular wave suppression by active immunization against GnRH. In Experiment 1 (a dose-response study), heifers (n = 20) were randomly allocated into five groups, which received placebo (saline) or a single sc dose of 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 or 30.0 μg rhFSH. The heifers were subjected to daily ovarian scan and blood sampling during 11 days. We observed group, time, and group x time effects (P<0.0001) for both average follicle size and circulating FSH concentrations, with a strong correlation (R = 0.82, P<0.0001) between the area under curve (AUC) for both parameters. The peak concentration of FSH 24h after treatment and average follicle size at all timepoints, however, were similar (P>0.05) between groups 22.5 and 30.0 μg. In Experiment 2, heifers (n = 18) were allocated into three groups, which received (0h) either placebo (control), 25 μg rhFSH or 130 mg pFSH (Folltropin). There was no difference (P>0.05) in average follicle size at any moment, as well as in intrafollicular E2 at 120h or in plasma P4 seven days later between groups rhFSH and pFSH. In Experiment 3, cycling Nelore heifers (n = 20) were subjected to a wave synchronization protocol and superovulated (day 0) using a standard pFSH protocol (120 mg split in eight decreasing im doses) or with a single sc injection of 20 μg rhFSH. The number of follicles >7 mm on day 4 did not differ (P=0.4370). Heifers receiving rhFSH had greater average follicle size on day 4 (P=0.0005), ovulation rate (P<0.0001), and number of CL (P=0.0155), as well as a trend towards a greater number of ova (P=0.07) and viable embryos (P=0.0590). In Experiment 4, superovulation was induced with a single sc injection of 25 μg rhFSH in Girolando and Nelore cows and heifers (n = 20). None of the embryo yield endpoints differed between the two breeds (P>0.05). In conclusion, cattle superstimulation and superovulation can be successfully induced with a single dose of a long-acting rhFSH (corifollitropin-alpha).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Henrique Moreira Viana
- Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil; Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, 70770-901, Brazil.
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Mikkola M, Desmet KLJ, Kommisrud E, Riegler MA. Recent advancements to increase success in assisted reproductive technologies in cattle. Anim Reprod 2024; 21:e20240031. [PMID: 39176005 PMCID: PMC11340803 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2024-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are fundamental for cattle breeding and sustainable food production. Together with genomic selection, these technologies contribute to reducing the generation interval and accelerating genetic progress. In this paper, we discuss advancements in technologies used in the fertility evaluation of breeding animals, and the collection, processing, and preservation of the gametes. It is of utmost importance for the breeding industry to select dams and sires of the next generation as young as possible, as is the efficient and timely collection of gametes. There is a need for reliable and easily applicable methods to evaluate sexual maturity and fertility. Although gametes processing and preservation have been improved in recent decades, challenges are still encountered. The targeted use of sexed semen and beef semen has obliterated the production of surplus replacement heifers and bull calves from dairy breeds, markedly improving animal welfare and ethical considerations in production practices. Parallel with new technologies, many well-established technologies remain relevant, although with evolving applications. In vitro production (IVP) has become the predominant method of embryo production. Although fundamental improvements in IVP procedures have been established, the quality of IVP embryos remains inferior to their in vivo counterparts. Improvements to facilitate oocyte maturation and development of new culture systems, e.g. microfluidics, are presented in this paper. New non-invasive and objective tools are needed to select embryos for transfer. Cryopreservation of semen and embryos plays a pivotal role in the distribution of genetics, and we discuss the challenges and opportunities in this field. Finally, machine learning (ML) is gaining ground in agriculture and ART. This paper delves into the utilization of emerging technologies in ART, along with the current status, key challenges, and future prospects of ML in both research and practical applications within ART.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elisabeth Kommisrud
- CRESCO, Centre for Embryology and Healthy Development, Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Michael A. Riegler
- Holistic Systems Department, Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering, Oslo, Norway
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Villarraza J, Antuña S, Tardivo MB, Rodríguez MC, Díaz PU, Notaro US, Ortega HH, Prieto C, Ceaglio N. Development of a biotechnology process for the production of a novel hyperglycosylated long-acting recombinant bovine follicle-stimulating hormone. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2400260. [PMID: 38900054 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202400260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is an important protein used for bovine ovarian hyperstimulation in multiple ovulation and embryo transfer technology (MOET). Several attempts to produce bovine FSH (bFSH) in recombinant systems have been reported, nonetheless, up to date, the most commonly used products are partially purified preparations derived from porcine or ovine (pFSH or oFSH) pituitaries. Here we describe the development of a biotechnology process to produce a novel, hyperglycosylated, long-acting recombinant bFSH (LA-rbFSH) by fusing copies of a highly O-glycosylated peptide. LA-rbFSH and a nonmodified version (rbFSH) were produced in suspension CHO cell cultures and purified by IMAC with high purity levels (>99%). LA-rbFSH presented a higher glycosylation degree and sialic acid content than rbFSH. It also demonstrated a notable improvement in pharmacokinetic properties after administration to rats, including a higher concentration in plasma and a significant (seven-fold) reduction in apparent clearance (CLapp). In addition, the in vivo specific bioactivity of LA-rbFSH in rats was 2.4-fold higher compared to rbFSH. These results postulate this new molecule as an attractive substitute for commercially available porcine pituitary-derived products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Villarraza
- UNL (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), CBL (Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral), LDB (Laboratorio de Desarrollo Biotecnológico), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Antuña
- Biotecnofe S.A. Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro (PTLC), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Belén Tardivo
- Biotecnofe S.A. Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro (PTLC), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Celeste Rodríguez
- UNL (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), CBL (Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral), LDB (Laboratorio de Desarrollo Biotecnológico), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
- UNL (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), FBCB (Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas), Cátedra de Química Analítica II, Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo Uriel Díaz
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ulises Sebastián Notaro
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Hugo Héctor Ortega
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL)/Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Claudio Prieto
- UNL (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), CBL (Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral), LDB (Laboratorio de Desarrollo Biotecnológico), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Biotecnofe S.A. Parque Tecnológico Litoral Centro (PTLC), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Natalia Ceaglio
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Santa Fe, Argentina
- UNL (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), FBCB (Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas), CBL (Centro Biotecnológico del Litoral), LCC (Laboratorio de Cultivos Celulares), Ciudad Universitaria, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Song Y, Zhang N, Yue Y, Chen D, Chou C, An L, Cheng L, Zhang J, Tian J. Field outcomes of laparoscopic ovum pick-up combined with in vitro embryo production in sheep: Effects of long-acting recombinant ovine FSH pre-stimulation, collection frequency, and donor breed. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2024; 87:106826. [PMID: 38043389 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2023.106826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) combined with in vitro embryo production (IVEP) is a technology platform that improves the utilization rate of the elite ewe's ovarian oocytes and increases the number of obtained offspring. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of FSH pre-stimulation, serial oocyte collection, and breed on LOPU-IVEP under field conditions. Donors were randomly assigned to five groups (group A: decreasing doses of pituitary FSH (p-FSH); group B: constant doses of p-FSH; group C: two doses of long-acting recombinant ovine FSH (ro-FSH); group D: single administration of a long-acting ro-FSH in; group E: no FSH stimulation). Oocyte yield following LOPU (average recovered oocytes: 20.9 ± 0.5; average viable oocytes: 17.2 ± 0.4) and oocyte developmental competence (average blastocysts: 7.0 ± 0.2) in group C were significantly better than these of group D and group E, and similar to these of groups A and B. Meanwhile, there were no differences in oocyte yield and developmental capacity using repeated LOPU session at 1-, 2-, and 3-month intervals (p > 0.05). Finally, we compared LOPU-IVEP outcomes among five sheep breeds. The results indicated that East Friesian × Chinese Mongolian crossbred sheep and purebred East Friesian sheep had the more recovered oocytes and viable oocytes compared with the Suffolk, Dorper, and Texel breeds, and average number of blastocysts in East Friesian × Chinese Mongolian sheep group was also highest among the groups (8.1 ±0.3, p < 0.05). In summary, the results of this study indicate long-acting ro-FSH pre-stimulation combined with 12 times LOPU sessions over one year maximizes embryo production of elite donor ewes under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Song
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sheep & Goat Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sheep & Goat Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China
| | - Yuan Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dayong Chen
- Inner Mongolia Sino Sheep Technology Co. Ltd., Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 011800, China
| | - Chunjuan Chou
- Inner Mongolia Sino Sheep Technology Co. Ltd., Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia 011800, China
| | - Lei An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Xilingol Vocational College, Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia 026000, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Sheep & Goat Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China.
| | - Jianhui Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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El-Shazly M, Mansour N, Karen A, Salama M, Hijazi I, El-Ghazaly M, Sheply K, Jaques S. Evaluation of a long-acting recombinant bovine FSH for multiple ovulation and embryo transfer in dromedary camels. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 261:107398. [PMID: 38128190 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to test a new super-agonist recombinant bovine FSH (rbFSH) to induce superovulation (SOV) in dromedary camels. In experiment I, a single IM injection of 40, 60, 80, 100, or 120 µg rbFSH was administered (4 donors per group) to determine the effective dose resulting in acceptable multiple ovulation and embryo yield. Administration of 40 µg was ineffective, while 100 and 120 µg were associated with increased numbers of developed follicles, corpora lutea, and recovered embryos compared to administration of 60 and 80 µg. In experiment II, donors were divided into treatment groups to compare rbFSH with two conventional protocols for SOV. Donors received a single dose of 2000 IU eCG in combination with 400 mg porcine follicle-stimulating hormone (pFSH; Folltropin-V®; Group 1, n = 29) or 500 µg of pFSH with 100 µg of pLH (Stimufol®; Group 2, n = 16). Group 3 (n = 19) received a single dose of 100 µg rbFSH. No difference was found in the size and number of follicles per donor. Response time, ovulation rate, and the number of corpora lutea and recovered embryos per donor were similar in all groups. The number of medium-sized and transparent embryos decreased while the number of small-sized and semi-transparent embryos increased in Group 3 (rbFSH) compared to the other two groups. The pregnancy rate of the recipients at 10 days post-ET, at two months of gestation, and the rate of early pregnancy loss (EPL) did not differ among the groups. In conclusion, a single IM administration of 100 µg rbFSH induces a successful superovulation in dromedary camels and has the advantage of reducing stress associated with multiple FSH administration of the conventional protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Shazly
- Aljazeera Veterinary Research Center, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabil Mansour
- Fujairah Research Centre (FRC), Al-Hilal Tower 3003, P.O. Box 666, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.
| | - Aly Karen
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt; Tharb Camel Hospital, Leawina, State of Qatar
| | - Mahmoud Salama
- Aljazeera Veterinary Research Center, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrar Hijazi
- Aljazeera Veterinary Research Center, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmoud El-Ghazaly
- Aljazeera Veterinary Research Center, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kasem Sheply
- Aljazeera Veterinary Research Center, Al-Ain, Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Scott Jaques
- Applied Biosciences LLC, Wellborn 77881, TX, USA
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Baruselli PS, de Abreu LÂ, Catussi BLC, Oliveira ACDS, Rebeis LM, Gricio EA, Albertini S, Sales JNS, Rodrigues CA. Use of new recombinant proteins for ovarian stimulation in ruminants. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20230092. [PMID: 37720727 PMCID: PMC10503889 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2023-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, gonadotropin products (follicle stimulating hormone, FSH, and luteinizing hormone, LH) used in animal reproduction are produced by extraction and purification from abattoir-derived pituitary glands. This method, relying on animal-derived materials, carries the potential risk of hormone contamination and pathogen transmission. Additionally, chorionic gonadotropins are extracted from the blood of pregnant mares (equine chorionic gonadotropin; eCG) or the urine of pregnant women (human chorionic gonadotropin; hCG). However, recent advancements have introduced recombinant gonadotropins for assisted animal reproduction therapies. The traditional use of FSH for superovulation has limitations, including labor requirements and variability in superovulation response, affecting the success of in vivo (SOV) and in vitro (OPU/IVEP) embryo production. FSH treatment for superstimulation before OPU can promote the growth of a homogenous follicular population and the recovery of competent oocytes suitable for IVEP procedures. At present, a single injection of a preparation of long-acting bovine recombinant FSH (rFSH) produced similar superovulation responses resulting in the production of good-quality in vivo and in vitro embryos. Furthermore, the treatment with eCG at FTAI protocol has demonstrated its efficacy in promoting follicular growth, ovulation, and P/AI, mainly in heifers and anestrous cows. Currently, treatment with recombinant glycoproteins with eCG-like activity (r-eCG) have shown promising results in increasing follicular growth, ovulation, and P/AI in cows submitted to P4/E2 -based protocols. Bovine somatotropin (bST) is a naturally occurring hormone found in cows. Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST), produced through genetic engineering techniques, has shown potential in enhancing reproductive outcomes in ruminants. Treatment with rbST has been found to improve P/IA, increase donor embryo production, and enhance P/ET in recipients. The use of recombinant hormones allows to produce non-animal-derived products, offering several advantages in assisted reproductive technologies for ruminants. This advancement opens up new possibilities for improving reproductive efficiency and success rates in the field of animal reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Sampaio Baruselli
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Laís Ângelo de Abreu
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Bruna Lima Chechin Catussi
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina dos Santos Oliveira
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Lígia Mattos Rebeis
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Emanuele Almeida Gricio
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Sofía Albertini
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Gutierrez-Reinoso MA, Arreseigor CJ, Driedger B, Cabezas I, Hugues F, Parra NC, Sánchez O, Toledo JR, Garcia-Herreros M. Effects of recombinant FSH (bscrFSH) and pituitary FSH (FSH-p) on embryo production in superovulated dairy heifers inseminated with unsorted and sex-sorted semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 252:107226. [PMID: 37027990 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Superovulation is a drug-based method used in cattle to stimulate the ovarian folliculogenesis and the number of oocytes and transferable embryos. The present study aimed to test the effects of recombinant FSH (bscrFSH) and pituitary FSH (FSH-p) on ovarian response and in vivo embryo production in superovulated dairy heifers inseminated with unsorted and sex-sorted semen. Forty healthy Holstein heifers subjected to a superovulation (SOV) protocol by using FSH-p or bscrFSH were divided randomly into four groups: a) FSH-p inseminated with unsorted semen (USP; n = 10), b) FSH-p inseminated with sex-sorted semen (SSP; n = 10), c) bscrFSH inseminated with unsorted semen (USR; n = 10), and d) bscrFSH inseminated with sex-sorted semen (SSR; n = 10). Ultrasonography was carried out on Day 8 (estrus) and Day 15 (embryo collection) to evaluate the ovarian structures [follicles (FL), corpora lutea (CL), and non-ovulated follicles (NOFL)]. Embryonic-derived parameters were scored on Day 15 [total structures collected (TS), unfertilised oocytes (UFOs), total embryos (TEs), transferable embryos (TFEs), freezable embryos (FEs), and degenerated embryos (DEs)]. No differences were observed regarding ovarian structures (FL and NOFL) irrespective of SOV protocol or group assessed (P > 0.05). CL increased in bscrFSH-derived SOV protocol (P < 0.05). On Day 15, the embryonic-derived parameters TEs, TFEs, and FEs decreased in SSP/SSR compared to USP/USR (P < 0.05). Differences were observed regarding UFOs, with a greater number in SSP and SSR (P = 0.01). In conclusion, the bscrFSH-derived SOV protocol showed improved results compared to FSH-p-derived SOV protocol regarding ovarian (CL) and embryo-derived (TFE) parameters irrespective of the type of semen used.
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Nguyen TMD, Klett D, Combarnous Y. Undissociable chemically cross-linked and single-chain gonadotropins. Theriogenology 2023; 198:250-255. [PMID: 36621134 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Undissociable gonadotropins can be obtained either by chemical cross-linking of the natural heterodimeric hormones or by expressing recombinant single-chain molecules through the fusion of their α and β polypeptide sequences. These undissociable hormones are not more active than their natural heterodimeric counterparts indicating that the β-subunit seatbelt embracing the α-subunit ensures the αβ heterodimer stability in physiological conditions. The main interests of single-chain gonadotropins are that 1/only one single plasmid is required to produce an active recombinant hormone, 2/the two subunits' domains are constantly present in equal amounts and 3/they remain in close proximity even at low concentration for forming the hormone bioactive 3D structure. These undissociable gonadotropins have been shown to exhibit excellent stability and activity but they have not yet been commercialized probably because of immunogenicity risks and cost of production. Nevertheless, they might be used as a basis for the development of chemically simpler and cheaper ligands of LH and FSH receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mong Diep Nguyen
- INRAe, CNRS Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Behaviour, 37380, Nouzilly, France; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 820000, Viet Nam
| | - Danièle Klett
- INRAe, CNRS Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Behaviour, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Yves Combarnous
- INRAe, CNRS Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Behaviour, 37380, Nouzilly, France.
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10
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Khodadadi A, Niasari-Naslaji A, Nikjou D, Mohammadi B. Superovulation of high-producing Holstein lactating dairy cows with human recombinant FSH and hMG. Theriogenology 2022; 191:239-244. [PMID: 35998407 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Superovulation of high-producing dairy cows is a challenging subject in dairy farms with respect to the cost, dose and type of gonadotropin. The objectives of this study were to compare three gonadotropin products: Folltropin-V® (highly purified FSH with porcine origin), Cinnal-f® (recombinant human FSH) and Menotropins® (hMG) for superovulation in high-producing Holstein lactating dairy cows and to investigate the pregnancy outcomes achieved following transferring embryos recovered from donors treated with different gonadotropins. Healthy high-producing Holstein lactating dairy cows (n = 30; milk production: 46.35 ± 8.78 kg; parity: 2-4; days in milk: 80-130 days) without any puerperal problems were selected as donors. On Day 10 after estrus (Day 0 of superovulation), donors (10 cows in each experimental groups) received Folltropin-V® (400 mg NIH, dissolved in 20 ml), Cinnal-f® (20 vials; each vial of 1 ml contains 75 IU Follitropin alfa) and Menotropins ® (20 ampules; each ampule of 1 ml contains 75 IU FSH and 75 IU LH), administered twice daily, in decreasing doses (4,4; 3,3; 2,2; 1,1 ml), over 4 days. On Day 2 of superovulation, donors received 3 doses of prostaglandin F2α analogue, 6 h apart. They were inseminated twice with a frozen semen at 12 and 24 h after standing estrus. Concurrent with the second insemination, donors received 2500 IU hCG (Karma Pharmatech GmbH, Germany). On Day 7 after standing estrus, superovulatory responses (number of CLs, total ova/embryos and transferable embryos) were recorded and Code 1 embryos, recovered from each treated donors, were transferred to synchronized heifers. Pregnancy was detected on Day 30 and 60 after AI. Gestation length, the number and weight of live births were recorded. Data were analyzed using Proc GLM, Proc Mixed and Proc Genmod of SAS. The respective number of corpora lutea, total number of ova/embryos and transferable embryos were not different among donors received Cinnal-f (25.5 ± 3.01, 11.2 ± 2.77, 5.1 ± 0.86), Menotropins (24.0 ± 3.21, 9.0 ± 2.04, 6.3 ± 1.74) and Folltropin-V (20.3 ± 3.21, 8.9 ± 1.90, 5.1 ± 1.16; P > 0.05). Pregnancy rates on Day 30 was similar among treatment groups (P > 0.05). However, pregnancy rates on Day 60 and the number of calves born healthy was less in heifers that received embryos from Cinnal-f treated donors (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Cinnal-f and Menotropins could provide similar superovulatory response to Folltropin-V for superovulation of high-producing Holstein lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khodadadi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Niasari-Naslaji
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Ratchamak R, Thananurak P, Boonkum W, Semaming Y, Chankitisakul V. The Melatonin Treatment Improves the Ovarian Responses After Superstimulation in Thai-Holstein Crossbreeds Under Heat Stress Conditions. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:888039. [PMID: 35573411 PMCID: PMC9096612 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.888039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of heat stress with melatonin treatment on the superovulatory responses and embryo characteristics in Thai-Holstein crossbreeds under heat stress conditions was examined. Six non-lactating cows (replication = 4; n = 24) were assigned to one of 2 treatments in double cross-over design. All cows were superstimulated with traditional treatment. Melatonin group (n = 12): cows received intramuscularly injection 18 mg/50 kg. simultaneously with GnRH injection, while those in the control group (n = 12) received none. Bloods samples were taken to determine lipid peroxidation (MDA) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase; SOD). The experiment was conducted from April to September, which determined severe heat stress (the mean temperature-humidity index above 77). The results revealed that numbers of large follicles and corpora lutea were higher in the melatonin group than in the control group (p < 0.01). Numbers of recovered ova/embryos, fertilized ova, and transferable embryos were higher in the melatonin group (p < 0.01); meanwhile, more degenerated embryos were found in the control group (p < 0.01). Increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD after melatonin administration decreased MDA levels (p < 0.05). In summary, melatonin administration benefited the ovarian response and embryo quality in superstimulated Thai-Holstein crossbreed affected by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthaiporn Ratchamak
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pachara Thananurak
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Wuttigrai Boonkum
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Yoswaris Semaming
- Program in Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Technology, Udon Thani Rajabhat University, Udon Thani, Thailand
| | - Vibuntita Chankitisakul
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Vibuntita Chankitisakul
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12
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Clark ZL, Karl KR, Ruebel ML, Latham KE, Ireland JJ. Excessive follicle-stimulating hormone during ovarian stimulation of cattle may induce premature luteinization of most ovulatory-size follicles†. Biol Reprod 2022; 106:968-978. [PMID: 35084014 PMCID: PMC9113431 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
High follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) doses during ovarian stimulation are detrimental to ovulatory follicle function and decrease live birth rate in cattle and women. However, the mechanism whereby excessive FSH causes ovarian dysfunction is unknown. This study tested the hypothesis that excessive FSH during ovarian stimulation induces premature luteinization of ovulatory-size follicles. Small ovarian reserve heifers were injected twice daily for 4 days with 70 IU (N = 7 heifers) or 210 IU (N = 6 heifers) Folltropin-V [commercial FSH-enriched preparation of porcine pituitary glands with minor (<1%) luteinizing hormone (LH) contamination, cpFSH]. Ovulatory-size (≥10 mm) follicles were excised from ovaries after the last cpFSH injection and hormone concentrations in follicular fluid (FF) were determined using ELISA. Luteinization was monitored by assessing cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) morphology and measuring concentrations of estradiol (E), progesterone (P), and oxytocin (O) in FF. COCs were classified as having compact (cCOC) or expanded (eCOC) cumulus cell layers, and as estrogen-active (E:P in FF ≥1), estrogen-inactive (EI, E:P in FF ≤1 > 0.1), or extreme-estrogen-inactive (EEI, E:P in FF ≤0.1). A high proportion (72%) of ovulatory-size follicles in 210 IU, but not 70 IU, dose heifers displayed eCOCs. The high doses also produced higher proportions of EI or EEI follicles which had lower E:P ratio and/or E but higher P and/or O concentrations compared with the 70 IU dose heifers. In conclusion, excessive cpFSH doses during ovarian stimulation may induce premature luteinization of most ovulatory-size follicles in heifers with small ovarian reserves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaramasina L Clark
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Karl
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Meghan L Ruebel
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Keith E Latham
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Program, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - James J Ireland
- Correspondence: Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Tel: +1517 432 1384; E-mail:
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13
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Gutiérrez-Reinoso MA, Aguilera CJ, Navarrete F, Cabezas J, Castro FO, Cabezas I, Sánchez O, García-Herreros M, Rodríguez-Alvarez L. Effects of Extra-Long-Acting Recombinant Bovine FSH (bscrFSH) on Cattle Superovulation. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12020153. [PMID: 35049777 PMCID: PMC8772581 DOI: 10.3390/ani12020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few years, several commercial FSH products have been developed for cattle superovulation (SOV) purposes in Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer (MOET) programs. The SOV response is highly variable among individuals and remains one of the main limiting factors in obtaining a profitable number of transferable embryos. In this study, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) from different origins was included in two SOV protocols, (a) FSH from purified pig pituitary extract (NIH-FSH-p; two doses/day, 12 h apart, four consecutive days); and (b) extra-long-acting bovine recombinant FSH (bscrFSH; a single dose/day, four consecutive days), to test the effects of bscrFSH on the ovarian response, hormone profile levels, in vivo embryo production and the pluripotency gene expression of the obtained embryos. A total of 68 healthy primiparous red Angus cows (Bos taurus) were randomly distributed into two experimental groups (n = 34 each). Blood sample collection for progesterone (P4) and cortisol (C) level determination was performed together with ultrasonographic assessment for ovarian size, follicles (FL) and corpora lutea (CL) quantification in each SOV protocol (Day 0, 4, 8, and 15). Moreover, FSH profiles were monitorised throughout both protocols (Day 0, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 15). In vivo embryo quantity and quality (total structures, morulae, blastocysts, viable, degenerated and blocked embryos) were recorded in each SOV protocol. Finally, embryo quality in both protocols was assessed by the analysis of the expression level of crucial genes for early embryo development (OCT4, IFNt, CDX2, BCL2, and BAX). P4 and cortisol concentration peaks in both SOV protocols were obtained on Day 15 and Day 8, respectively, which were statistically different compared to the other time-points (p < 0.05). Ovarian dimensions increased from Day 0 to Day 15 irrespective of the SOV protocol considered (p < 0.05). Significant changes in CL number were observed over time till Day 15 irrespective of the SOV protocol applied (p < 0.05), being non- significantly different between SOV protocols within each time-point (p > 0.05). The number of CL was higher on Day 15 in the bscrFSH group compared to the NIH-FSH-p group (p < 0.05). The number of embryonic structures recovered was higher in the bscrFSH group (p = 0.025), probably as a result of a tendency towards a greater number of follicles developed compared to the NIH-FSH-p group. IFNt and BAX were overexpressed in embryos from the bscrFSH group (p < 0.05), with a fold change of 16 and 1.3, respectively. However, no statistical differences were detected regarding the OCT4, CDX2, BCL2, and BCL2/BAX expression ratio (p > 0.05). In conclusion, including bscrFSH in SOV protocols could be an important alternative by reducing the number of applications and offering an improved ovarian response together with better embryo quality and superior performance in embryo production compared to NIH-FSH-p SOV protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Gutiérrez-Reinoso
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi (UTC), Latacunga 050150, Ecuador
| | - Constanza J. Aguilera
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
| | - Felipe Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
| | - Joel Cabezas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
| | - Fidel O. Castro
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
| | - Ignacio Cabezas
- Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile;
| | - Oliberto Sánchez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, Concepcion 4070386, Chile;
| | - Manuel García-Herreros
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), 2005-048 Santarém, Portugal
- Correspondence: (M.G.-H.); (L.R.-A.); Tel.: +56-42-220-8835 (L.R.-A.); Fax: +351-24-3767 (M.G.-H.) (ext. 330)
| | - Lleretny Rodríguez-Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Animal, Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción (UdeC), Chillán 3780000, Chile; (M.A.G.-R.); (C.J.A.); (F.N.); (J.C.); (F.O.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.-H.); (L.R.-A.); Tel.: +56-42-220-8835 (L.R.-A.); Fax: +351-24-3767 (M.G.-H.) (ext. 330)
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14
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Karl KR, Ireland JLH, Clark ZL, Tempelman RJ, Latham KE, Ireland JJ. Limitations in use of ovarian reserve biomarkers to predict the superovulation response in small ovarian reserve heifers. Theriogenology 2022; 182:53-62. [PMID: 35123311 PMCID: PMC8863639 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
High FSH doses during superovulation of heifers with a small ovarian reserve increase the number of dysfunctional ovulatory-size follicles that do not ovulate in response to human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Thus, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC), two well-established biomarkers of responsiveness of individuals to superovulation, are hypothesized to be positively linked to number of dysfunctional ovulatory-size follicles developing in response to superovulation with high FSH doses. To test this hypothesis, heifers with a small ovarian reserve were stimulated beginning on Day 1 of the estrous cycle with twice daily treatments for 4 days with each of four Folltropin-V (FSH) doses (35 IU, 70 IU (industry standard), 140 IU, or 210 IU) followed by prostaglandin F2α to regress corpora lutea (CL) from the previous estrous cycle and hCG to induce ovulation. Ovulatory-size follicles were classified as functional or dysfunctional based on whether they ovulated and formed CL in response to hCG. FSH dose did not impact the relationship between AMH, AFC and the number of functional or dysfunctional ovulatory-size follicles developing in response to superovulation. Thus, data from the four superovulations were averaged for each heifer. AMH and AFC were positively associated with the subsequent number of functional and dysfunctional ovulatory-size follicles and the proportion of ovulatory-size follicles that are dysfunctional after superovulation. Because measurements of AMH concentration and AFC predict the number but not functionality of ovulatory-size follicles, which may also impact oocyte quality, these ovarian reserve biomarkers are concluded to be unlikely useful to improve IVF or embryo transfer outcomes in heifers with a small ovarian reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin R Karl
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Janet L H Ireland
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Zaramasina L Clark
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Robert J Tempelman
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Keith E Latham
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - James J Ireland
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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15
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Ratchamak R, Ratsiri T, Chumchai R, Boonkum W, Chankitisakul V. Relationship of the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) with Ovarian Responses and Embryo Production in Superovulated Thai-Holstein Crossbreds under Tropical Climate Conditions. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8110270. [PMID: 34822643 PMCID: PMC8623316 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress strongly negatively affects reproductive traits in dairy cattle. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of heat stress in superstimulated Thai-Holstein crossbreds under tropical climate conditions. Data included 75 records from 12 superovulated Thai-Holstein crossbreds between 2018 and 2020. Cows were superstimulated with conventional treatment. The mean temperature-humidity index (THI) was evaluated for three data collection periods: during the 9, 21 and 42-day periods before the insemination day to determine the period in which THI mostly affected superstimulation responses. The THI levels/thresholds were determined and interpreted together with the superovulatory response. A significantly negative correlation was obtained for the THI during the period 9 days before insemination. Negative effects on the number of large follicles and corpora lutea began at a THI of 72 and were apparently severe after a THI of 77, similar to the ovulation rate, fertilized ova and transferable embryos (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, more degenerated embryos were found with THI values (p < 0.05). The superovulatory response in Thai-Holstein crossbreds under tropical climate conditions is highly affected by heat stress starting at a THI of 72 and becomes more severe at a THI higher than 77.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthaiporn Ratchamak
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.R.); (T.R.); (R.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Thanaporn Ratsiri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.R.); (T.R.); (R.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Rujira Chumchai
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.R.); (T.R.); (R.C.); (W.B.)
| | - Wuttigrai Boonkum
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.R.); (T.R.); (R.C.); (W.B.)
- Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Vibuntita Chankitisakul
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (R.R.); (T.R.); (R.C.); (W.B.)
- Network Center for Animal Breeding and Omics Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-86-6585988
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16
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Recchia K, Jorge AS, Pessôa LVDF, Botigelli RC, Zugaib VC, de Souza AF, Martins DDS, Ambrósio CE, Bressan FF, Pieri NCG. Actions and Roles of FSH in Germinative Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10110. [PMID: 34576272 PMCID: PMC8470522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced by the pituitary gland in a coordinated hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis event, plays important roles in reproduction and germ cell development during different phases of reproductive development (fetal, neonatal, puberty, and adult life), and is consequently essential for fertility. FSH is a heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone of two dissociable subunits, α and β. The FSH β-subunit (FSHβ) function starts upon coupling to its specific receptor: follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR). FSHRs are localized mainly on the surface of target cells on the testis and ovary (granulosa and Sertoli cells) and have recently been found in testicular stem cells and extra-gonadal tissue. Several reproduction disorders are associated with absent or low FSH secretion, with mutation of the FSH β-subunit or the FSH receptor, and/or its signaling pathways. However, the influence of FSH on germ cells is still poorly understood; some studies have suggested that this hormone also plays a determinant role in the self-renewal of germinative cells and acts to increase undifferentiated spermatogonia proliferation. In addition, in vitro, together with other factors, it assists the process of differentiation of primordial germ cells (PGCLCs) into gametes (oocyte-like and SSCLCs). In this review, we describe relevant research on the influence of FSH on spermatogenesis and folliculogenesis, mainly in the germ cell of humans and other species. The possible roles of FSH in germ cell generation in vitro are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiana Recchia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, Brazil; (K.R.); (F.F.B.)
| | - Amanda Soares Jorge
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Laís Vicari de Figueiredo Pessôa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Ramon Cesar Botigelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Cristiane Zugaib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Department Biomedical Science, Ontary Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| | - Daniele dos Santos Martins
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Carlos Eduardo Ambrósio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Fabiana Fernandes Bressan
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01001-010, Brazil; (K.R.); (F.F.B.)
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
| | - Naira Caroline Godoy Pieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of Sao Paulo, Pirassununga 13635-900, Brazil; (A.S.J.); (L.V.d.F.P.); (R.C.B.); (V.C.Z.); (D.d.S.M.); (C.E.A.)
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Kazeto Y, Suzuki H, Ozaki Y, Gen K. C-terminal peptide (hCTP) of human chorionic gonadotropin enhances in vivo biological activity of recombinant Japanese eel follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone produced in FreeStyle 293-F cell lines. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 306:113731. [PMID: 33539901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropins (Gths), follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh), and luteinizing hormone (Lh) play central roles in the reproductive biology of vertebrates. In this study, recombinant single-chain Japanese eel Gths (rGth: rFsh and rLh), and recombinant chimeric Gths (rGth-hCTPs: rFsh-hCTP and rLh-hCTP; rGth-eCTPs: rFsh-eCTP and rLh-eCTP) with an extra O-glycosylation site (either a C-terminal peptide of human (hCTP) or equine (eCTP) chorionic gonadotropin), which are known to prolong the half-life of glycoprotein were produced in HEK293 cells and highly purified. Lectin blot analyses demonstrated that all these recombinant Gths contained N-glycans of the high mannose and complex types. In contrast, only rGth-hCTPs and rGth-eCTPs possessed highly sialylated O-linked oligosaccharides. Further analyses of glycans by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry suggested that the species, amount, and degree of sialylation of N-glycans were comparable among recombinant Fshs and recombinant Lhs, while the amount of O-glycans with sialic acids in rGth-hCTPs was higher than that in the corresponding rGth-eCTPs. The serum levels of recombinant Gths in male eels significantly increased 12-24 h after a single injection of the Gths. The levels of rGth-hCTPs tended to be higher than those of the corresponding rGths and rGth-eCTPs throughout the experimental period, coinciding with the serum fluctuations of 11-ketotestosterone (11KT). The long-term treatment of male eels with these recombinant Gths also revealed the superiority of rGth-hCTPs in assisted reproduction; thus, the serum levels of 11KT and gonadosomatic indices in eels treated with rGth-hCTPs were higher than those in eels treated with the corresponding rGths and rGth-eCTPs. The induction of the entire process of spermatogenesis was only histologically observed in rGth-hCTPs-treated eels. These findings strongly suggest that hCTP enhances the in vivo biological activity of recombinant Japanese eel Gths due to the high abundance of O-linked glycans with sialylated antennae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinori Kazeto
- Tamaki Field Station, Physiological Function Division, Aquaculture Research Department, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 224-1 Hiruda, Tamaki, Watarai, Mie 519-0423, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Tamaki Field Station, Physiological Function Division, Aquaculture Research Department, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 224-1 Hiruda, Tamaki, Watarai, Mie 519-0423, Japan; Graduate School of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Yuichi Ozaki
- Tamaki Field Station, Physiological Function Division, Aquaculture Research Department, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 224-1 Hiruda, Tamaki, Watarai, Mie 519-0423, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Gen
- Tuna Aquaculture Division, Aquaculture Research Department, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 1551-8 Taira-machi, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan.
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18
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Gong JG, Campbell BK, Webb R. Defining the gonadotrophin requirement for the selection of a single dominant follicle in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:322-334. [PMID: 31656220 DOI: 10.1071/rd19060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to define the pattern and physiological concentrations of FSH and LH required for the selection of a single dominant follicle in mono-ovulatory species. A series of five experiments was carried out using gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist-induced hypogonadal heifers. Animals were infused with different patterns of either FSH and/or LH followed by an ovulatory dose of human chorionic gonadotrophin. Follicular response was monitored by ultrasound scanning and blood samples were collected to measure concentrations of FSH, LH, oestradiol and progesterone. The main findings were: (1) physiological concentrations of FSH given as a continuous infusion and for an adequate duration, in the presence of basal LH, with or without LH pulses, are capable of inducing a superovulatory response, (2) initial exposure to FSH followed by LH pulses alone stimulate the development of multiple preovulatory follicles, confirming that ovarian follicles are capable of transferring dependence on gonadotrophins from FSH to LH, (3) while LH pulses appear not to have a major effect on the pattern of preovulatory follicle development, adequate LH pulsatile support is required for full oestradiol synthesis and (4) the duration of initial exposure to FSH and the ability to transfer the dependence from FSH to LH are critical for the selection of a single dominant follicle. In conclusion, this experimental series confirms that the duration of initial exposure to FSH and the ability of the selected follicle to transfer its gonadotrophic dependence from FSH to LH are critical for the selection of a single dominant follicle in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin G Gong
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9RG, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce K Campbell
- School of Human Development, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Webb
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, United Kingdom; and Corresponding author.
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19
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Karl KR, Jimenez-Krassel F, Gibbings E, Ireland JLH, Clark ZL, Tempelman RJ, Latham KE, Ireland JJ. Negative impact of high doses of follicle-stimulating hormone during superovulation on the ovulatory follicle function in small ovarian reserve dairy heifers†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:695-705. [PMID: 33205153 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When women with small ovarian reserves are subjected to assisted reproductive technologies, high doses of gonadotropins are linked to high oocyte and embryo wastage and low live birth rates. We hypothesized that excessive follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) doses during superovulation are detrimental to ovulatory follicle function in individuals with a small ovarian reserve. To test this hypothesis, heifers with small ovarian reserves were injected twice daily for 4 days, beginning on Day 1 of the estrous cycle with 35, 70, 140, or 210 IU doses of Folltropin-V (FSH). Each heifer (n = 8) was superovulated using a Williams Latin Square Design. During each superovulation regimen, three prostaglandin F2α injections were given at 12-h interval, starting at the seventh FSH injection to regress the newly formed corpus luteum (CL). Human chorionic gonadotropin was injected 12 h after the last (8th) FSH injection to induce ovulation. Daily ultrasonography and blood sampling were used to determine the number and size of follicles and corpora lutea, uterine thickness, and circulating concentrations of estradiol, progesterone, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). The highest doses of FSH did not increase AMH, progesterone, number of ovulatory-size follicles, uterine thickness, or number of CL. However, estradiol production and ovulation rate were lower for heifers given high FSH doses compared to lower doses, indicating detrimental effects on ovulatory follicle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin R Karl
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Fermin Jimenez-Krassel
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Emily Gibbings
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Janet L H Ireland
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Zaramasina L Clark
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robert J Tempelman
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Keith E Latham
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - James J Ireland
- Molecular Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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20
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Schuler G. [Equine chorionic gonadotrophin: Biology and veterinary use]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2020; 48:344-354. [PMID: 33080658 DOI: 10.1055/a-1235-7973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The pituitary gonadotrophins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) play a prominent role in the control of gonadal functions. Therefore, their use in the treatment of fertility disorders (e. g. anovulatory anestrus) as well as in biotechnology (e. g. superovulation, hormone programs for cycle synchronization) is of substantial interest. Preparations of FSH or LH are relatively expensive due to the laborious extraction from pituitary tissue and are therefore reserved for special indications. In primates and equids, the chorionic epithelium expresses an LH-like molecule (chorionic gonadotrophin, CG). Equine CG (eCG) selectively binds to LH receptors in equids. In all other domestic mammalian species, equine CG (eCG) shows an extraordinarily high FSH activity in addition to its LH activity ("dual activity"). Since its market launch, this has therefore gained considerable importance as a comparatively inexpensive FSH analogue, mainly for use in ruminants and pigs. In contrast to the human CG (hCG), which may be isolated non-invasively from the urine of pregnant women and is widely used as LH analogue, eCG must be extracted from the blood of pregnant donor mares, as eCG concentrations in urine are only minimal. Following reports of deaths and suffering of donor mares associated with eCG collection in South American settings, the current practice of eCG production has given rise to increasing public criticism. This has recently led to calls for a general production ban. Primary aim of this review is therefore to summarize the current state of knowledge concerning the properties and biology of this molecule, which is also highly interesting from the point of view of basic science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schuler
- Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere mit Tierärztlicher Ambulanz, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
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21
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Mikkola M, Hasler JF, Taponen J. Factors affecting embryo production in superovulated Bos taurus cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:104-124. [PMID: 32188562 DOI: 10.1071/rd19279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a long history of bovine superovulation research, significant commercial applications did not start until the early 1970s. For some 20 years thereafter, superovulation represented the primary tool for the production of cattle embryos. In the early 1990s, commercial invitro production (IVP) was initiated in cattle. Although ovum pick-up and IVP are now commercially practiced on a wide scale, superovulation and embryo recovery by flushing remain a widespread and very effective approach to the production of cattle embryos. This review covers both the history and the effects of multiple factors on superovulation in Bos taurus cattle. There are three general protocols for suitable pre-FSH programming of donors so that gonadotrophin-responsive follicles are available. Superovulation protocols vary widely based on the FSH source, the diluent used, the number and timing of FSH injections and the timing and utilisation of various prostaglandins, controlled internal progesterone releasing devices, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, and other means of controlling follicular development and ovulation. The number of oocytes that can be stimulated to grow and ovulate within any given donor can be estimated by either ultrasound-guided sonography or by measuring concentrations of anti-Müllerian hormone in the blood. Animal-related factors that can influence the efficacy of superovulation include cattle breed, age, parity, genetics, lactational status and reproductive history. In addition, nutrition, stress, season, climate, weather and several semen factors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mikkola
- Geno SA, Store Ree AI Station, Ekebergveien 54, 2335 Stange, Norway; and University of Helsinki, Department of Production Animal Medicine, FIN-04920 Saarentaus, Finland; and Corresponding author.
| | - J F Hasler
- Vetoquinol USA, 4250N Sylvania Avenue, Fort Worth, TX 76137, USA
| | - J Taponen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Production Animal Medicine, FIN-04920 Saarentaus, Finland
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22
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A single administration of a long-acting recombinant ovine FSH (roFSH) for cattle superovulation. Theriogenology 2020; 154:66-72. [PMID: 32512315 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant long-acting ovine follicle stimulating hormone (roFSH) has been devised and its biological effectiveness following a single dose has been assessed in several experiments under field conditions, in pasture-based beef and dairy farming in New Zealand. Owing to the molecular structure of this long-acting roFSH, which includes additional N-glycosylation sites, a single dose combined with a simple CIDR-based superovulatory regime elicits successful ovarian stimulation with averages of 11.8 corpora lutea and of 6.1 good quality embryos collected in cattle. Solid performance of this novel FSH was demonstrated in several beef and dairy breeds which included yearling heifers and mixed age cows, with embryo production results in the same range as those observed nowadays with eight doses of commercial pituitary FSH (pFSH). Viable embryos produced from these collections, when implanted either fresh or frozen and thawed, gave pregnancy rates in recipients similar to those collected from cows and heifers superstimulated with pFSH. Repeated superovulatory treatment of the same cows was not associated with a decrease in ovarian response or embryo yield. The single administration of this long-acting roFSH when combined with a modified simple superovulatory regime has the advantage of reducing animal welfare concerns, lowering labour resource requirements and giving similar results to other commercially prepared pituitary FSH extracts.
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23
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Ferré LB, Kjelland ME, Taiyeb AM, Campos-Chillon F, Ross PJ. Recent progress in bovine in vitro-derived embryo cryotolerance: Impact of in vitro culture systems, advances in cryopreservation and future considerations. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:659-676. [PMID: 32144939 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of in vitro-derived bovine embryos is a crucial step for the widespread reproduction and conservation of valuable high-merit animals. Given the current popularity of bovine in vitro embryo production (IVP), there is a demand for a highly efficient ultra-low temperature storage method in order to maximize donor ovum pickup (OPU) turn-over, recipient availability/utilization and domestic/overseas commercial trading opportunities. However, IVP bovine embryos are still very sensitive to chilling and cryopreservation, and despite recent progress, a convenient (simple and robust) protocol has not yet been developed. At the moment, there are two methods for bovine IVP embryo cryopreservation: slow programmable freezing and vitrification. Both of the aforementioned techniques have pros and cons. While controlled-rate slow cooling can easily be adapted for direct transfer (DT), ice crystal formation remains an issue. On the other hand, vitrification solved this problem but the possibility of successful DT commercial incorporation remains to be determined. Moreover, simplification of the vitrification protocol (including warming) through the use of an in-straw dilution without the use of a microscope is a prerequisite for its use under farm conditions. This review summarizes the bovine IVP embryo cryopreservation achievements, strengths and limitations of both freezing systems and prospective improvements to enhance cryosurvival, as well as perspectives on future directions of this assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B Ferré
- National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael E Kjelland
- Conservation, Genetics & Biotech, LLC, Valley City, ND, USA.,Mayville State University, Mayville, ND, USA
| | - Ahmed M Taiyeb
- Conservation, Genetics & Biotech, LLC, Valley City, ND, USA.,Barz IVF Center for Embryo Research and Infertility Treatment, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Fernando Campos-Chillon
- Animal Science Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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24
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Bó GA. Pursuit of a means of manipulating ovarian function in the cow: An adventure of serendipity, collaboration and friendship. Theriogenology 2020; 150:480-489. [PMID: 32192781 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A research career is not only built on ideas and publishable results; it is more often the product of determination, hard work, collegiality and collaboration. It is through our collaborators, family and friends that we really become better persons, and scientists. It is also a matter of being at the right place at the right time. My work in bovine reproduction has progressed from an interest in superovulation and embryo transfer before I became a veterinarian, to the development and application of this technology and fixed-time artificial insemination in beef and dairy herds. Everything that I have done has been possible because of the people that I have worked with over the years. This manuscript combines some of the very exciting things that I have learned about bovine reproduction over the last 30 years and personal stories behind the projects and ideas that we have pursued during that time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Bó
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal Córdoba (IRAC), Zona Rural General Paz, X5145, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto A.P. de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, X5900, Córdoba, Argentina.
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25
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Bó GA, Mapletoft RJ. Superstimulation of ovarian follicles in cattle: Gonadotropin treatment protocols and FSH profiles. Theriogenology 2020; 150:353-359. [PMID: 32088042 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of ovarian superstimulatory treatments in cattle is to obtain the maximum number of viable embryos by stimulating growth of antral follicles and ovulation of competent oocytes. While factors inherent to the donor animal are critical, an increased knowledge of ovarian physiology, gonadotropin biochemistry and the ability to manipulate ovarian function have provided alternatives for the design of simple and successful protocols for superovulation in cattle. Recent protocols have also been made more user-friendly and allowed for the grouping of donors for successful superovulation. Although the number of reports associating FSH profiles with superovulatory response is limited, studies designed to reduce the number of FSH treatments necessary to induce superstimulation may provide guidance for the development of optimized gonadotropin treatment protocols. Although high peak levels of circulating FSH following a single administration of Folltropin-V have been shown to be associated with a reduced superstimulatory response, the ideal treatment protocol would seem to be to increase circulating FSH levels to values comparable to those required for the induction of follicle wave emergence, and to maintain these levels for at least 72 h (or 36 h for superstimulation prior to ovum pick-up) to allow follicles to reach an ovulatory size and acquire the capacity to ovulate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Bó
- Instituto de Reproducción Animal Córdoba (IRAC), Zona Rural General Paz, 5145, Córdoba, Argentina; Instituto A.P. de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Carrera de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Obispo Ferreyra 411, 5963, Villa Del Rosario, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Reuben J Mapletoft
- Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada.
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26
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Naranjo Chacón F, Montiel Palacios F, Canseco Sedano R, Ahuja-Aguirre C. Embryo production after superovulation of bovine donors with a reduced number of FSH applications and an increased eCG dose. Theriogenology 2020; 141:168-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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Viudes‐de‐Castro MP, Marco‐Jiménez F, Más Pellicer A, García‐Domínguez X, Talaván AM, Vicente JS. A single injection of corifollitropin alfa supplemented with human chorionic gonadotropin increases follicular recruitment and transferable embryos in the rabbit. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:696-701. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Pilar Viudes‐de‐Castro
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal (CITA) Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA) Castellón Spain
| | - Francisco Marco‐Jiménez
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology (ICTA) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Alba Más Pellicer
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology (ICTA) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Ximo García‐Domínguez
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology (ICTA) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Amparo M. Talaván
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology (ICTA) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
| | - Jose Salvador Vicente
- Institute of Science and Animal Technology (ICTA) Universitat Politècnica de València Valencia Spain
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28
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Bautista Vega VM, Jiménez Chávez SP, Meza Franco CD, Ramos TI, Toledo JR. FSH in bovine superovulation. BIONATURA 2019. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2019.04.01.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is the hormone mainly used for superovulation treatments. It is used so that several secondary follicles can reach a dominant state at the same time and thus, treated cows can release up to ten or more ovules in each zeal, decreasing the generational interval and increasing livestock production. The hormones available in the current market are obtained mostly from pituitary extracts of swine and sheep, and although they are widely used. Several negative aspects have been reported, implying high risks of contamination with pathogens, contamination with other hormones that interfere with assisted fertilization processes, significant variations between each production batch and the decreased half-life that exhibit FSH leading to excessive handling of donor cows. In this review, we detail some new approaches to overcome these problems, like slow-release FSH formulations that have been developed in order to increase the half-life of FSH and, finally the use of recombinant DNA technology to ensure a pure product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria M. Bautista Vega
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas – ESPE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Silvana P. Jiménez Chávez
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Physiopathology; School of Biological Sciences. Universidad de Concepción. Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Catherine D. Meza Franco
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Physiopathology; School of Biological Sciences. Universidad de Concepción. Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Thelvia I. Ramos
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas – ESPE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge R. Toledo
- Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals Laboratory, Department of Physiopathology; School of Biological Sciences. Universidad de Concepción. Victor Lamas 1290, P.O. Box 160C, Concepción, Chile
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29
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Cirit Ü, Özmen MF, Küçükaslan İ, Köse M, Kutsal HG, Çınar EM. Effect of the interval from follicle aspiration to initiation of lengthened FSH treatment on follicular superstimulatory and superovulatory responses and embryo production in lactating Simmental cows. Theriogenology 2019; 128:218-224. [PMID: 30784808 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated follicular superstimulatory (FSS) and superovulatory (SOV) responses and in vivo embryo production in lactating Simmental cows treated with FSH starting 1 or 2 days after follicle aspiration (FA). The performance of a lengthened superovulation program, named 6dFSH-P36-hCG60, is described. At random stages of the estrous cycle, cows (n = 52) were subjected to ultrasound-guided transvaginal aspiration of all follicles ≥ 5 mm. After FA, cows were randomly assigned to one of two groups in which FSH treatments started 1 or 2 days after FA (groups FA-1D and FA-2D, respectively). Cows were superstimulated with a total of 500 μg pFSH over 6 days on a decreasing dose schedule and were pre-treated with a single dose of 400 IU of eCG 24 h before the start of FSH treatments. Follicular superstimulatory (the mean numbers of follicles ≥ 8 mm on the day of hCG treatment) and SOV responses (the mean numbers of CL and cows with ≥ 3 CL at the time of collection) were similar in FA-1D and FA-2D groups. However, when compared to FA-1D group, the number of unfertilized ova tended to decrease (0.4 vs 1.7; P = 0.065) and percentage of fertilized ova tended to increase (95.8% vs 84.6%; P = 0.066) in FA-2D group. Moreover, the mean numbers and percentages of both transferable embryos (8.0 and 77.6% vs 6.4 and 57.7%) and freezable embryos (5.3 and 51.5% vs 3.5 and 31.1%) were numerically higher in FA-2D group than FA-1D group. The results of the study suggest that starting a lengthened superovulation programs in Simmental cows 2 days after FA has potential to increase percentage of fertilized ova and the number of transferable and freezable embryos, although new studies may be needed to confirm this findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümüt Cirit
- Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, 21280, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Ferit Özmen
- Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, 21280, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Küçükaslan
- Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Köse
- Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Gökhan Kutsal
- TIGEM Ceylanpinar Directorate of Agricultural Enterprise, 63570, Ceylanpinar, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Elif Merve Çınar
- TIGEM Ceylanpinar Directorate of Agricultural Enterprise, 63570, Ceylanpinar, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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Ben-Menahem D. Preparation, characterization and application of long-acting FSH analogs for assisted reproduction. Theriogenology 2018; 112:11-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Viudes-de-Castro MP, Marco-Jiménez F, Cedano-Castro JI, Vicente JS. Effect of corifollitropin alfa supplemented with or without LH on ovarian stimulation and embryo viability in rabbit. Theriogenology 2017; 98:68-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Reducing treatments in cattle superovulation protocols by combining a pituitary extract with a 5% hyaluronan solution: Is it able to diminish activation of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis compared to the traditional protocol? Theriogenology 2016; 85:914-921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Seidel GE. Assisted reproduction with gametes and embryos: what research is needed and fundable? Reprod Fertil Dev 2016; 28:125-9. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Principles for selecting future research projects include interests of investigators, fundability, potential applications, ethical considerations, being able to formulate testable hypotheses and choosing the best models, including selection of the most appropriate species. The following 10 areas of assisted reproduction seem especially appropriate for further research: efficacious capacitation of bovine spermatozoa in vitro; improved in vitro bovine oocyte maturation; decreasing variability and increasing efficacy of bovine superovulation; improved fertility of sexed semen; improving equine IVF; improving cryopreservation of rooster spermatozoa; understanding differences between males in success of sperm cryopreservation and reasons for success in competitive fertilisation; mechanisms of reprogramming somatic cell nuclei after nuclear transfer; regulation of differentiation of ovarian primordial follicles; and means by which spermatozoa maintain fertility during storage in the epididymis. Issues are species specific for several of these topics, in most cases because the biology is species specific.
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