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Henao-Gonzalez M, Ferrer MS, Jiménez-Escobar C, Palacio-Baena LG, Maldonado-Estrada JG. Ultrasonographic Screening of Dairy Cows with Normal Uterine Involution or Developing Postpartum Uterine Disease Using B-Mode, Color, and Spectral Doppler. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:2597332. [PMID: 37745163 PMCID: PMC10516695 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2597332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine involution, ovarian activity, and incidence of postpartum uterine disease (PUD) were assessed in forty-eight dairy cows from calving until the 10th postpartum week. Postpartum follow-up included evaluation of uterine involution and ovarian structures by B-mode, Doppler color, and Doppler spectral ultrasound of the right uterine artery in cows with no calving or postpartum uterine problems (healthy cows). Data from cows that developed PUD (PUD cows) were compared with healthy cows matched by herd and days in milk (DIM). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, simple regression, one-way ANOVA, or repeated ANOVA measures, and in data analysis of healthy cows, uterine horn diameter assessed by B-mode ultrasound ranged from 22.9 ± 2.4 to 19.4 ± 1.4 mm and 19.9 ± 2.2 to 20.5 ± 2.3 mm from the fourth to the seventh postpartum week in the left and right uterine horns, respectively (P > 0.05). During the study, 15 and 7 cows had corpus luteum in the left and right ovaries, respectively. The mean time for the first postpartum CL was 30.1 ± 3.2 DIM (min 8, max 67 DIM). In data analysis of PUD cows, uterine blood flow assessed by color Doppler ranged from 7.4 ± 4.0 to 43.75 ± 10.3% in cows that developed PUD compared to 16.7 ± 11.0% in healthy cows (P > 0.05). No statistically significant changes were found in resistance index, pulsatility index, time-averaged maximum velocity, time-averaged mean velocity, or diastole/systole ratio (D/S) in cows that developed PUD compared to healthy cows (P > 0.05). Finally, no correlation was found between Doppler spectral parameters and uterine involution (P > 0.05). Our data suggest that cows receiving transition diets and exhibiting normal calving undergo a rapid macroscopic uterine involution and ovarian follicular dynamics resumption. Complete ultrasound evaluation provides valuable data for assessing uterine involution in postpartum dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Henao-Gonzalez
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development (OHVRI-Group), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin 050034, Colombia
| | - María S. Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Claudia Jiménez-Escobar
- Reproductive Biotechnology Laboratory, Section of Theriogenology and Herd Health, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechny, National University of Colombia, Bogota, DC, Colombia
| | - Luis G. Palacio-Baena
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development (OHVRI-Group), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin 050034, Colombia
| | - Juan G. Maldonado-Estrada
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development (OHVRI-Group), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin 050034, Colombia
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Magalhaes HB, Canisso IF, Dell-Aqua JA. The Temporal Associations of B-Mode and Power-Doppler Ultrasonography, and Ovarian Steroid Changes of the Periovulatory Follicle and Corpus Luteum During Luteogenesis and Luteolysis in Jennies. J Equine Vet Sci 2023; 122:104224. [PMID: 36669627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the associations between B-mode and Power-doppler ultrasonography and ovarian steroids of the periovulatory follicle and respective corpus luteum (CL) during luteogenesis and luteolysis in jennies. Twenty-four periovulatory follicles/estrus of correspondent one inter-ovulatory interval (n = 12 jennies) were assessed in the study. B-mode ultrasonography and teasing were carried out once day until the detection of a periovulatory follicle (≥28 mm, uterine edema, and signs of estrus). Thereafter, jennies were monitored at 4-hour-intervals by B-mode and Power-doppler ultrasonography. Closer to ovulation, jennies were hourly checked. Each CL was checked daily from luteogenesis to luteolysis. Plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were assessed daily with chemiluminescence immunoassay. Granulosa echogenicity and thickness increased from -36 hour to -1 hour before ovulation in 70% of follicles (P < .05) and were strongly associated with impending ovulation (r = 0.80 and r = 0.70, respectively). The follicular-wall blood flow increased from -72 to -24 hour pre-ovulation, while the estradiol concentration declined from 42 pg/mL by -72 hour to 31.6 pg/mL by 24 hour before ovulation (P < .05). The vascularization of the periovulatory follicle decreased from 62% (-36 hour) to 37% (-1 hour) before ovulation (P < .05). The CL vascularization and progesterone concentration gradually increased, reaching the peak at 11- and 10-day after the ovulation, respectively (P < .05). The CL vascularization started to decline 3 day before luteolysis, while progesterone concentrations started to drop 4 day before luteolysis (P < .05). In conclusion, the structural changes of the periovulatory follicle detected on B-mode and Power-doppler can be used to detect impending ovulation in donkeys; however, Power-doppler, but not B-mode ultrasonography, can be used to assess CL function in jennies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humberto B Magalhaes
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign, Urbana IL
| | - Igor F Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign, Urbana IL.
| | - Jose A Dell-Aqua
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Madoz LV, Lorenti SN, Rearte R, Quintero-Rodriguez L, Migliorisi AL, Jaureguiberry M, Gabler C, Drillich M, de la Sota RL. Detection of nonpregnant cows and potential embryo losses by color Doppler ultrasound and interferon-stimulated gene expression in grazing dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6973-6984. [PMID: 35787328 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have been conducted to estimate pregnancy losses between 19 and 34 d after artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows managed under confinement-based systems, but few studies have examined embryo mortality during this interval in dairy cows managed under gazing systems. The objectives of this prospective cohort study were (1) to assess the diagnostic value of the corpus luteum (CL) blood perfusion (BP) evaluation by Doppler ultrasound (US) to detect nonpregnant cows at 19 to 20 d post-AI, and (2) to assess the rate of potential embryo mortality between 19 to 34 d post-AI. The CL-BP of all cows included in the study (n = 131) was examined on farm by power and color mode of Doppler US and later using an image processing software by a second evaluator. The endometrium thickness and echotexture were evaluated by B-mode US at the same visit to assess if the nonpregnancy diagnosis could be improved at 19 to 20 d post-AI by this additional diagnostic tool. Blood samples were obtained at 19 to 20 d post-AI for progesterone (P4) measurement by chemiluminescence and to determine the mRNA expression of ISG by real-time PCR. Pregnancy diagnosis based on embryo visualization was performed at 33 to 34 d post-AI by US B-mode. In parallel interpretation, ISG15 and MX2 mRNA expression in leukocytes [sensitivity (Se), 100%] were regarded as suitable biomarkers for early pregnancy and were selected for molecular characterization of pregnancy at 19 to 20 d post-AI. At 19 to 20 d post-AI, 61.1% of the cows had positive CL-BP by Doppler US (Se, 98.0%), 62.7% had ISG mRNA expression in leukocytes over the cutoff point (Se, 95.7%), and 50.8% were positive, based on the combination of ISG mRNA expression, CL-BP by Doppler US, and P4 concentration (Se, 100%), and were considered as possible pregnant. At 33 to 34 d, the pregnancy rate was 37.4% diagnosed by the B-mode US. Based on the expression of the selected biomarkers in cows with active CL, we found that 28.1% of the cows could have potentially lost their pregnancy between 19 and 34 d post-AI. The Doppler US color mode showed similar accuracy and a higher negative predictive value than the genes selected as biomarkers. The additional B-mode ultrasound evaluation of the uterine stratum vasculare and the endometrium thickness improved the diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, assessing the CL-BP by Doppler US allowed early detection of nonpregnant cows at 19 to 20 d post-AI. The combination of early CL-BP by Doppler US (d 19 to 20) with early embryo detection by B-mode US (d 33-34) could be used to facilitate earlier rebreeding of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Madoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW; CONICET, CABA, Argentina C1033AAJ
| | - S N Lorenti
- Private practice, Brandsen, BA, Argentina B1980ABH
| | - R Rearte
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW; CONICET, CABA, Argentina C1033AAJ
| | - L Quintero-Rodriguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW; CONICET, CABA, Argentina C1033AAJ
| | - A L Migliorisi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW
| | - M Jaureguiberry
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW; CONICET, CABA, Argentina C1033AAJ
| | - C Gabler
- Institute for Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany 14163
| | - M Drillich
- University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria 1210
| | - R L de la Sota
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Reproducción Animal (INIRA), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, BA, Argentina B1900AVW; CONICET, CABA, Argentina C1033AAJ.
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Darbaz I, Sayiner S, Ergene O, Seyrek Intas K, Zabitler F, Evci EC, Aslan S. The Effect of Comfort- and Hot-Period on the Blood Flow of Corpus Luteum (CL) in Cows Treated by an OvSynch Protocol. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11082272. [PMID: 34438730 PMCID: PMC8388443 DOI: 10.3390/ani11082272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Doppler ultrasonography is frequently used to measure blood flow. The Ovsynch program is applied to synchronize the timing of ovulation in dairy cows. Heat stress can negatively affect the hormonal balance, ovarian activity, and blood flow. In this study, the effect of heat stress on corpus luteum blood flow, progesterone, and insulin-like growth factor parameters was investigated during and after Ovsynch synchronization. Our results showed that synchronization initiated with high progesterone values caused significantly higher blood flow and greater corpus luteum area in the comfort period when compared with the hot period. In addition, insulin-like growth factor values were found significantly higher during the comfort period compared to heat stress. Under heat stress circumstances, the Ovsynch synchronization provided better results when the progesterone levels were high. We suggest that it may be better to apply the modified Ovsynch program to increase progesterone levels in cows with low progesterone values when the protocol is initiated during the heat stress period. Abstract The values of luteal blood flow (LBF), total corpus luteum (CL) area (TAR), and progesterone (P4), during and after OvSynch (OvS) protocol in comfort (CP; n = 40) and hot periods (HP; n = 40) were compared. We investigated how low and high P4 values obtained before the application affected the parameters above during CP and HP periods. Blood samples were collected before the OvS application on day 0 (OVSd0), day 9 (OeG), and day 18 (9th day after OeG: OvSd9). The P4 (ng/mL) values of the animals exhibiting dominant follicles were between 0.12–0.82 in HC and 0.1–0.88 in CP (P4-2: 4.36–4.38 and P4-3: ≥7.36 ng/mL). The LBF values were measured on days 7 (OvSd7) and 9 (OvSd9) after the OeG. The P4 mean values at day 0 (OvSd0) were classified as low (P4-1), medium (P4-2), and high (P4-3). The LBF and the TAR values in the P4-2 and P4-3 on OeG day 9 were higher than in HP (p < 0.05; 0.001), but there was no significant difference in the P4-1. In conclusion, when the OvS program was initiated with low P4 values, no difference was observed between HP and CP in terms of LBF values; however, when the program was started with high P4 values, there were significant increases in LBF and TAR values in the CP compared to the HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isfendiyar Darbaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-533-866-3500
| | - Serkan Sayiner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey;
| | - Osman Ergene
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
| | - Kamil Seyrek Intas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
| | - Feride Zabitler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
| | - Enver Cemre Evci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
| | - Selim Aslan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia 99138, North Cyprus, Turkey; (O.E.); (K.S.I.); (F.Z.); (E.C.E.); (S.A.)
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Abdalla H, Salem SE, Elsohaby I, Swelum AA. Likelihood of pregnancy in cows identified with different amounts of anechoic intrauterine fluid at the time of insemination. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 226:106688. [PMID: 33476904 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Effects of amount of anechoic intrauterine fluid (IUF) and size of largest follicle at insemination on proportion of cows pregnant as a result of AI (P/AI percentage), as well as factors associated with amount of IUF and size of the follicle were investigated. Follicle size was determined, and amount of IUF in the largest uterine segment was categorized as containing no fluid, ≤10, >10-20, and >20 mm using the ultrasonic monitor grid in 735 cows at time of insemination. Multivariable regression models were constructed to evaluate effects of different variables on P/AI percentage, and variables associated with the IUF score and follicle size. On day 30 post-insemination, the P/AI percentage was greater in cows that had >10 to 20 mm IUF than cows with no IUF (OR = 1.9, P = 0.01), but on day 70 post-insemination, the P/AI percentage was similar in cows with different amounts of IUF. Follicle size was not associated with P/AI percentage on days 30 and 70 post-insemination. Cows in spontaneous estrus, multiparous cows, cows with a cystic structure and a typically functional follicle, and Holstein cows had a greater likelihood for a larger IUF value. Primiparous cows, cows on which there was imposing of a hormonal-ovulation-synchronization regimen, and crossbred cows were more likely to have smaller follicles. In conclusion, amount of IUF at the time of insemination and size of the follicle were not associated with P/AI percentage, and several variables were associated with amount of IUF or follicle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Abdalla
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate 44511, Egypt.
| | - Shebl E Salem
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate 44511, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsohaby
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate 44511, Egypt; Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PEI C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate 44511, Egypt; Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Karakuş O, Kaçar C, Kuru M, Kaya S, Demir MC, Arı UÇ, Zonturlu AK, Öztürkler Y. Efficacy of a commercial test kit to determine early pregnancy in cows using whole blood and blood serum. Trop Anim Health Prod 2020; 53:28. [PMID: 33226491 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-020-02428-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of the Fassisi®BoviPreg visual test kit (Fassisi®BoviPreg) in determining early pregnancies in cows by measuring the pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG) in whole blood and blood serum. The study was conducted on 50 cows, the artificial insemination (AI) dates of which were designated as day 0. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed with transrectal ultrasonography (USG), and serum samples were simultaneously collected and used with Fassisi®BoviPreg to determine pregnancies on 30 days after AI. The results of the Fassisi®BoviPreg test on serum and whole blood samples, respectively, on 30 days after AI were as follows: sensitivity, 61.54% and 50.0%; specificity, 79.17% and 75%; accuracy, 70.0% and 62.0%; positive predictive values, 76.2% and 68.4%; negative predictive values, 65.5% and 58.1%; false-positive diagnoses, 23.8% and 31.6%; and false-negative diagnoses, 34.5% and 41.9%. On day 50 after AI, sensitivities were 63.64% and 50.0%, specificities were 100.0% and 100.0%, and accuracies were 75.0% and 65.62% in serum and whole blood, respectively. Higher pregnancy rates were obtained using Fassisi®BoviPreg in cows with ≥ 5 ng/mL P4 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the results from the Fassisi®BoviPreg tests on cows on 30 and 50 days after AI showed that the use of blood serum is more accurate and suitable than that of whole blood. The results also showed a higher confidence level in specificity 50 days after AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Karakuş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Cihan Kaçar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Mushap Kuru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey.
| | - Semra Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Murat Can Demir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Umut Çağın Arı
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Abuzer Kafar Zonturlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Harran University, 63200, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Öztürkler
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
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Ji H, Guo W, Niu C, Li Y, Lian S, Zhan X, Guo J, Zhen L, Yang H, Li S, Wang J. Metabonomics analysis of Zi goose follicular granulosa cells using ENO1 gene expression interference. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 104:838-846. [PMID: 31821655 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Zi goose is native to North-east China and is noted for its high egg production. Alpha enolase (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme which functions as a plasminogen receptor in follicular granulosa cells (FGCs), with several studies showing that FGCs can support follicular development. By transfecting the ENO1 interfering plasmid (shRNA) into FGCs, ENO1 expression in these cells was downregulated, suggesting the successful knock-down of ENO1 in these cells. In this knock-down model, we detected 13 metabolites from FGCs using LC/MS. When compared with the non-coding shRNA (NC) group, the lower level metabolites were (R)-(+)-citronellic acid, altretamine, 3-hydroxycaproic acid, heptadecanoic acid, cholecalciferol vitamin D3, indole, benzoic acid, capric acid, caffeic acid, azelaic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid and cholic acid, while oleic acid was detected at high levels. To further examine the results of metabolomics, six key metabolites were verified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We found that vitamin D3, indole, benzoic acid, capric acid and cholic acid were significantly downregulated in the shRNA group, while oleic acid was significantly upregulated. This observation was consistent with the metabolomics data. Through these studies, we found that decreased ENO1 levels altered certain metabolite levels in FGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Wenjin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunyang Niu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shuai Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xuelong Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Li Zhen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Huanmin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Gaur M, Purohit GN. Follicular dynamics and colour Doppler vascularity evaluations of follicles and corpus luteum in relation to plasma progesterone during the oestrous cycle of Surti buffaloes. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:585-594. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Gaur
- Department of Veterinary Gynecology and ObstetricsCollege of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Navania, VallabhnagarRajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bikaner Rajasthan India
| | - Govind Narayan Purohit
- Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bikaner Rajasthan India
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Lasheen ME, Badr HM, Kandiel MMM, Abo El-Maaty AM, Samir H, Farouk M, Eldawy MH. Predicting early pregnancy in Egyptian buffalo cows via measuring uterine and luteal blood flows, and serum and saliva progesterone. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 50:137-142. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1413-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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