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Khezri MR, Hsueh H, Mohammadipanah S, Khalili Fard J, Ghasemnejad‐Berenji M. The interplay between the PI3K/AKT pathway and circadian clock in physiologic and cancer-related pathologic conditions. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13608. [PMID: 38336976 PMCID: PMC11216939 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is responsible for the regulation of different cellular processes, and its disturbance has been linked to the development of different diseases, such as cancer. The main molecular mechanism for this issue has been linked to the crosstalk between core clock regulators and intracellular pathways responsible for cell survival. The PI3K/AKT signalling pathway is one of the most known intracellular pathways in the case of cancer initiation and progression. This pathway regulates different aspects of cell survival including proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and response to environmental stimuli. Accumulating evidence indicates that there is a link between the PI3K/AKT pathway activity and circadian rhythm in physiologic and cancer-related pathogenesis. Different classes of PI3Ks and AKT isoforms are involved in regulating circadian clock components in a transcriptional and functional manner. Reversely, core clock components induce a rhythmic fashion in PI3K and AKT activity in physiologic and pathogenic conditions. The aim of this review is to re-examine the interplay between this pathway and circadian clock components in normal condition and cancer pathogenesis, which provides a better understanding of how circadian rhythms may be involved in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research InstituteUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Hsiang‐Yin Hsueh
- The Ohio State University Graduate Program in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Somayeh Mohammadipanah
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research InstituteUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | - Javad Khalili Fard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad‐Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical SciencesUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
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2
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Wang Y, Wang S, Zang Z, Li B, Liu G, Huang H, Zhao X. Molecular and transcriptomic analysis of the ovary during laying and brooding stages in Zhedong white geese ( Anser cygnoides domesticus). Br Poult Sci 2024:1-14. [PMID: 38916443 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2364351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
1. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms affecting brooding in Zhedong white geese by examining differences in reproductive endocrine levels, ovarian histology and transcriptomics.2. Twenty 18-month-old Zhedong white geese were selected to examine their ovaries using histological, biochemical, molecular biological, and high-throughput sequencing techniques during the laying and brooding periods.3. The results showed that the number of atretic follicles and apoptotic cells in the ovaries increased significantly (p < 0.05), the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone and oestradiol decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the level of prolactin increased significantly (p < 0.01) during the brooding stage.4. In broody geese, the expression of CASP3, CASP9, P53, BAX, and Cyt-c were considerably higher (p < 0.05), but BCL2 expression was significantly lower (p < 0.05).5. In ovarian tissues, 260 differentially expressed lncRNAs, 13 differentially expressed miRNA and 60 differentially expressed mRNA were all discovered using transcriptome sequencing analysis. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNA and non-coding RNA target genes were primarily involved in ECM-receptor interaction, cell adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction, mTOR signalling, and the calcium signalling pathway.6. In conclusion, follicular atrophy and apoptosis occurred in the ovaries and serum reproductive hormone levels were significantly changed during the brooding period of Zhedong white geese. COL3A1, COL1A2, GRIA1, RNF152, miR-192, and miR-194 may be important candidates for the regulation of brooding behaviour, with the mTOR signalling pathway playing a key role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - S Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Zang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - B Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - G Liu
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - H Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - X Zhao
- Animal Husbandry Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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3
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Chen J, Fan S, Guo J, Yang J, Pan L, Xia Y. Discovery of anticancer function of Febrifugine: Inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and suppression steroid synthesis in bladder cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116878. [PMID: 38431229 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy affecting the urinary system, which presents a significant global health concern. Although there are many treatments for bladder cancer, identifying more effective drugs and methods remains an urgent problem. As a pivotal component of contemporary medical practice, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumes a crucial role in the realm of anti-tumor therapy, especially with the identification of active ingredients and successful exploration of pharmacological effects. Febrifugine, identified as a quinazoline-type alkaloid compound extracted from the Cytidiaceae family plant Huangchangshan, exhibits heightened sensitivity to bladder cancer cells in comparison to control cells (non-cancer cells) group. The proliferation growth of bladder cancer cells T24 and SW780 was effectively inhibited by Febrifugine, and the IC50 was 0.02 and 0.018 μM respectively. Febrifugine inhibits cell proliferation by suppressing DNA synthesis and induces cell death by reducing steroidogenesis and promoting apoptosis. Combined with transcriptome analysis, Febrifugine was found to downregulate low density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein, lanosterol synthase, cholesterol biosynthesis second rate-limiting enzyme, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidoreductase and other factors to inhibit the production of intracellular steroids in bladder cancer T24 cells. The results of animal experiments showed that Febrifugine could inhibit tumor growth. In summary, the effect of Febrifugine on bladder cancer is mainly through reducing steroid production and apoptosis. Therefore, this study contributes to the elucidation of Febrifugine's potential as an inhibitor of bladder cancer and establishes a solid foundation for the future development of novel therapeutic agents targeting bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Le Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China.
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Yin L, Wang W, Pang W, Yang G, Gao L, Chu G. Insulin regulates gap junction intercellular communication in porcine granulosa cells through modulation of connexin43 protein expression. Theriogenology 2023; 212:172-180. [PMID: 37738821 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) among granulosa cells plays an important role in folliculogenesis, and it is temporal-spatially regulated during follicular development. Connexin (Cx) proteins predominantly form the basal structure of gap junctions in granulosa cells. In our study, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Cx43 is the most widely expressed connexin in porcine follicles, especially among the large antral follicles. With application of insulin on porcine granulosa cells, we found that insulin significantly facilitated the protein level of Cx43, not mRNA level. This process is dependent on the phosphorylated activities of AKT and Erk since selective AKT and Erk inhibitors, LY294002 and U0126, respectively, hampered the potential of insulin to up-regulate Cx43 protein expression. As a consequence, the insulin-enhanced Cx43-couple GJIC activity in porcine granulosa cells was corresponding attenuated by the administration of LY294002 and U0126. Our findings provide a new insight into the molecular mechanisms by which insulin mediates cell-cell communication in porcine granulosa cells and sheds light on nutrition-reproduction interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Wusu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
| | - Guiyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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Chen R, Qin Y, Du J, Liu J, Dai S, Lei M, Zhu H. Circadian clock gene BMAL1 regulates STAR expression in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103159. [PMID: 37871489 PMCID: PMC10598734 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The ovarian circadian clock plays a regulatory role in the avian ovulation-oviposition cycle. However, little is known regarding the ovarian circadian clock of geese. In this study, we investigated rhythmic changes in clock genes over a 48-h period and identified potential clock-controlled genes involved in progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. The results showed that BMAL1, CRY1, and CRY2, as well as 4 genes (LHR, STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B) involved in progesterone synthesis exhibited rhythmic expression patterns in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells over a 48-h period. Knockdown of BMAL1 decreased the progesterone concentration and downregulated STAR mRNA and protein levels in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Overexpression of BMAL1 increased the progesterone concentration and upregulated the STAR mRNA level in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that the BMAL1/CLOCK complex activated the transcription of goose STAR gene by binding to an E-box motif. These results suggest that the circadian clock is involved in the regulation of progesterone synthesis in goose ovarian preovulatory granulosa cells by orchestrating the transcription of steroidogenesis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Qin
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Du
- Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Shudi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Lei
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanxi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Crop and Animal Integrated Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, China; Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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6
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Li Y, Wang J, Ma J, Hu S, Yang Y, Yang C, Huo S, Yang Y, Zhaxi Y. Differentially expressed transcripts study during pregnancy and postpartum anestrus of yak ( Bos grunniens). Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4041-4049. [PMID: 37671949 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2252035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: Yak is the main livestock species in the plateau area, and its reproductive performance is low, usually two years or three years. A very few of yaks recover within a certain period of time after delivery and smoothly enter the next estrous cycle, while most of them enter the postpartum anestrus and show no estrus performance. However, the key biological factors and influencing mechanisms that cause postpartum anestrus in yaks are not clear. Objective: To study the expression of differential transcripts in ovaries of yak during pregnancy and postpartum anestrus. Methods: Each three yaks in pregnancy and anestrus under natural grazing conditions in Haiyan County, Qinghai Province were selected and slaughtered, and their ovaries were collected and sent to Biomarker Technologies. Oxford Nanopore Technologies single-molecule real-time electrical signal sequencing technology was used to perform full-length transcriptome sequencing. Astalavista software was used to identify the types of alternative splicing events in yak estrus and pregnancy, and TAPIS pipeline was used to identify alternative polyadenylation. Results: The results showed that there were 1751 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) between pregnancy and anestrus in yak, of which 808 were upregulated and 943 were downregulated. GO analysis showed that the biological processes of DETs were mainly reproductive, reproductive and rhythmic processes. KEGG analysis showed that the DET cell junction-related adhesion junction protein (β-catenin) and amino terminal kinase (JNK) were involved in FAs (local adhesion). Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) is involved in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Circadian rhythm output cycle failure (Clock) and brain and muscle tissue aromatic hydrocarbon receptor nuclear transporter-like protein 1 (Bmal1) are involved in circadian rhythm signaling pathway. Conclusion: This study found that β-catenin, JNK, PI3K, Clock and Bmal1 were closely related to postpartum anestrus in yak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jine Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junyuan Ma
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Songming Hu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yahua Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chongfa Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengdong Huo
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingpai Zhaxi
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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7
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Chen K, Li H, Li Y, Yang Z, Luo J, Zhou Z. ARNTL inhibits the malignant behaviors of oral cancer by regulating autophagy in an AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent manner. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:3914-3923. [PMID: 37562810 PMCID: PMC10551587 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Current studies have shown that ARNTL, an important clock gene, plays an anticancer role and is downregulated in certain types of cancer. However, the biological functions and mechanisms of ARNTL in tumors remain largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate how ARNTL-induced autophagy impacts the biological properties of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells and the mechanisms by which ARNTL expression activates autophagy. ARNTL was stably overexpressed in TSCC cells to investigate its functions in vitro and in vivo. We found that activation of autophagy induced by ARNTL decreases cell proliferation, enhances cell death, and hinders the migratory ability of TSCC cells. Moreover, ARNTL antagonizes the AKT/mTOR pathway, which potentiates autophagy induction. The manipulation of Akt activation cancels the effects of ARNTL overexpression on the biological behaviors of TSCC cells. Furthermore, after the addition of SC79, the upregulated BAX expression due to ARNTL overexpression and downregulated expressions of BCL-2 and MMP2 were remarkably rescued. In vivo tumorigenicity assays and immunohistochemistry also confirmed that ARNTL overexpression suppresses tumor development. Our study found for the first time that ARNTL inhibits the malignant behaviors of oral cancer cells by regulating autophagy in an AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent manner, which provides a novel theoretical basis for the potential future application of ARNTL to treat patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- KuiChi Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
| | - HanXue Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqingChina
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher EducationChongqingChina
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - YueHeng Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - ZhengYan Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Jun Luo
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Huang L, Yuan H, Shi S, Song X, Zhang L, Zhou X, Gao L, Pang W, Yang G, Chu G. CLOCK inhibits the proliferation of porcine ovarian granulosa cells by targeting ASB9. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:82. [PMID: 37280645 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00884-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clock circadian regulator (CLOCK) is a core factor of the mammalian biological clock system in regulating female fertility and ovarian physiology. However, CLOCK's specific function and molecular mechanism in porcine granulosa cells (GCs) remain unclear. In this study, we focused on CLOCK's effects on GC proliferation. RESULTS CLOCK significantly inhibited cell proliferation in porcine GCs. CLOCK decreased the expression of cell cycle-related genes, including CCNB1, CCNE1, and CDK4 at the mRNA and protein levels. CDKN1A levels were upregulated by CLOCK. ASB9 is a newly-identified target of CLOCK that inhibits GC proliferation; CLOCK binds to the E-box element in the ASB9 promoter. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that CLOCK inhibits the proliferation of porcine ovarian GCs by increasing ASB9 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Huan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shengjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Huang L, Zhang L, Shi S, Zhou X, Yuan H, Song X, Hu Y, Pang W, Yang G, Gao L, Chu G. Mitochondrial function and E 2 synthesis are impaired following alteration of CLOCK gene expression in porcine ovarian granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2023; 202:51-60. [PMID: 36921565 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) is a critical component of the mammalian circadian clock system and regulates ovarian physiology. However, the functions and mechanisms of CLOCK in porcine granulosa cells (GCs) are poorly understood. The present study focused on CLOCK's effects on estradiol synthesis. Similarity analysis showed that CLOCK is highly conserved between pigs and other species. The phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that porcine CLOCK was most closely related to that in Arabian camels. CLOCK significantly reduced E2 synthesis in GCs. CLOCK reduced the expression of steroidogenesis-related genes at the mRNA and protein levels, including CYP19A1, CYP11A1, and StAR. CYP17A1 levels were significantly downregulated. We demonstrated that CLOCK dramatically decreased ATP content, mitochondrial copy number, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increased reactive oxygen species levels in GCs. We observed that mitochondria were severely damaged with fuzzy and fractured cristae and swollen matrix. These findings suggest that mitochondrial function and E2 synthesis are impaired following the alteration of CLOCK gene expression in porcine ovarian GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Lutong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Shengjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Huan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yamei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Weijun Pang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Guiyan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100, China; Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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10
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Li Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Li D, Chen H. Advances in circadian clock regulation of reproduction. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 137:83-133. [PMID: 37709382 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian circadian clock is an endogenously regulated oscillator that is synchronized with solar time and cycle within a 24-h period. The circadian clock exists not only in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, a central pacemaker of the circadian clock system, but also in numerous peripheral tissues known as peripheral circadian oscillators. The SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators mutually orchestrate the diurnal rhythms of various physiological and behavioral processes in a hierarchical manner. In the past two decades, peripheral circadian oscillators have been identified and their function has been determined in the mammalian reproductive system and its related endocrine glands, including the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, testes, uterus, mammary glands, and prostate gland. Increasing evidence indicates that both the SCN and peripheral circadian oscillators play discrete roles in coordinating reproductive processes and optimizing fertility in mammals. The present study reviews recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproductive function in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and reproductive system. Additionally, we elucidate the effects of chronodisruption (as a result of, for example, shift work, jet lag, disrupted eating patterns, and sleep disorders) on mammalian reproductive performance from multiple aspects. Finally, we propose potential behavioral changes or pharmaceutical strategies for the prevention and treatment of reproductive disorders from the perspective of chronomedicine. Conclusively, this review will outline recent evidence on circadian clock regulation of reproduction, providing novel perspectives on the role of the circadian clock in maintaining normal reproductive functions and in diseases that negatively affect fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haisen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yiqun Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Huatao Chen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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11
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Ding M, Lu Y, Huang X, Xing C, Hou S, Wang D, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang C, Zhang M, Meng F, Liu K, Liu G, Zhao J, Song L. Acute hypoxia induced dysregulation of clock-controlled ovary functions. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1024038. [PMID: 36620217 PMCID: PMC9816144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1024038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High altitudes or exposure to hypoxia leads to female reproductive disorders. Circadian clocks are intrinsic time-tracking systems that enable organisms to adapt to the Earth's 24-h light/dark cycle, which can be entrained by other environmental stimuli to regulate physiological and pathological responses. In this study, we focused on whether ovarian circadian clock proteins were involved in regulating female reproductive dysfunction under hypoxic conditions. Hypobaric hypoxia was found to induce a significantly prolonged estrous cycle in female mice, accompanied by follicular atresia, pituitary/ovarian hormone synthesis disorder, and decreased LHCGR expression in the ovaries. Under the same conditions, the levels of the ovarian circadian clock proteins, CLOCK and BMAL1, were suppressed, whereas E4BP4 levels were upregulated. Results from granulosa cells (GCs) further demonstrated that CLOCK: BMAL1 and E4BP4 function as transcriptional activators and repressors of LHCGR in ovarian GCs, respectively, whose responses were mediated by HIF1ɑ-dependent (E4BP4 upregulation) and ɑ-independent (CLOCK and BMAL1 downregulation) manners. The LHCGR agonist was shown to efficiently recover the impairment of ovulation-related gene (EREG and PGR) expression in GCs induced by hypoxia. We conclude that hypoxia exposure causes dysregulation of ovarian circadian clock protein (CLOCK, BMAL1, and E4BP4) expression, which mediates female reproductive dysfunction by impairing LHCGR-dependent signaling events. Adjusting the timing system or recovering the LHCGR level in the ovaries may be helpful in overcoming female reproductive disorders occurring in the highlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Ding
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yarong Lu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xing
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojun Hou
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chongchong Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Fanfei Meng
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangchao Liu
- Henan University Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jincheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Lun Song
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,School of Pharmacy, Jiamus University, Jiamusi, China,College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China,*Correspondence: Lun Song,
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12
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Das M, Mohanty SR, Minocha T, Mishra NK, Yadav SK, Haldar C. Circadian desynchronization in pregnancy of Golden hamster following long time light exposure: Involvement of Akt/FoxO1 pathway. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112508. [PMID: 35841738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coordination between central and peripheral reproductive clocks in females is poorly understood. Long light is having a hazardous effect on reproductive health. Hence, explored the effect of long-time light exposure (LLD; 16L:8D) on the central and peripheral reproductive (ovary and uterus) clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1 and Cry2) and its downstream regulators (Aanat, Egf, Cx26, Cx43, ERα, pAktS-473, pAktT-308, pFoxO1T-24, 14-3-3, HoxA10, HoxA11 and Pibf) expression in non-pregnant and pregnant Golden hamster. Young adult Golden hamsters were exposed to LLD for 30 days and then were mated. We observed that LLD exposure increased the thickness of the endometrium and reduced myometrium thickness, resembling uterine adenomyosis. In non-pregnant females LLD altered the expressions of clock genes in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), ovary and the uterus along with serum estradiol rhythm. LLD upregulated Egf and downregulated Aanat, Cx26, and Cx43 mRNA levels in uterus. LLD upregulated Akt/FoxO1 phosphorylation and 14-3-3 expressions in the uterus of nonpregnant females. LLD exposure to pregnant females lowered serum progesterone, Aanat, Pibf, Hoxa10, and Hoxa11 mRNA expressions on D4 (peri-implantation) and D8 (post-implantation) resulting in a low implantation rate on D8 (post-implantation). Hence it is evident that the frequent pregnancy anomalies noted under a long light schedule might be due to desynchronization in Aanat, Pibf, Hoxa10, and Hoxa11 as well as the central and peripheral clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1 and Cry2). LLD exposure desynchronized the central and peripheral reproductive clock affecting uterine physiology via Akt/FoxO1 pathway in Golden hamsters. Thus, LLD is a risk factor for female reproductive health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Das
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Tarun Minocha
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Yadav
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Chandana Haldar
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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13
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Fan S, Zhao X, Xie W, Yang X, Yu W, Tang Z, Chen Y, Yuan Z, Han Y, Sheng X, Zhang H, Weng Q. The effect of 3-Methyl-4-Nitrophenol on the early ovarian follicle development in mice by disrupting the clock genes expression. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 363:110001. [PMID: 35654127 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
3-Methyl-4-Nitrophenol (PNMC) is the main degradation product of organophosphate insecticide fenitrothion and a major component of diesel exhaust particles, which is now becoming a widely spread environmental endocrine disruptor. Previous reports showed PNMC exposure can affect the female reproductive system and ovarian function; however, the mechanism remains unclear. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the mechanism underlying the adverse effects of neonatal PNMC treatment on ovarian functions. The neonatal female mice were exposed to 10 mg/kg PNMC and the ovaries were collected on the 7th day after birth. The changes of follicular composition in mice ovaries were analyzed by histological staining, which showed that the proportion of primordial follicles in the ovaries treated by PNMC decreased, while the proportion of secondary follicles increased. The ovarian function was also investigated by detecting the expressions of steroidogenic enzymes (Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1, Cyp19a1), gonadotropin receptors (Fshr and Lhr), androgen receptor (Ar), and estrogen receptors (Esr1 and Esr2) by immunohistochemistry or/and real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1 and Esr2 were increased significantly in the PNMC exposed ovaries. Moreover, the expression patterns of clock genes (Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Cry1, Cry2 and Nr1d1) were disrupted in the ovaries after PNMC exposure. Furthermore, either the expression of DNA Methyltransferase Dnmt3b, or the methylation ratio of CpG islands in the upstream of Cry1 promoter regions were significantly decreased in PNMC exposed ovaries. Altogether, these results indicate that PNMC exposure affects follicle development and ovarian function by interfering with the epigenetic modification and disrupting the expression of clock genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Fan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenqian Xie
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wenyang Yu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zeqi Tang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhengrong Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yingying Han
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xia Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Qiang Weng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Jiang Y, Li S, Xu W, Ying J, Qu Y, Jiang X, Zhang A, Yue Y, Zhou R, Ruan T, Li J, Mu D. Critical Roles of the Circadian Transcription Factor BMAL1 in Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:818272. [PMID: 35311235 PMCID: PMC8924658 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.818272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and muscle aryl-hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like protein1 (BMAL1), a core component of circadian oscillation, is involved in many physiological activities. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the essential role of BMAL1 in reproductive physiology. For instance, BMAL1-knockout (KO) mice were infertile, with impaired reproductive organs and gametes. Additionally, in BMAL1-KO mice, hormone secretion and signaling of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (H-P-G) hormones were also disrupted, indicating that H-P-G axis was impaired in BMAL1-KO mice. Moreover, both BMAL1-KO mice and BMAL1-knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in vitro cultured steroidogenic cells showed that BMAL1 was associated with gonadal steroidogenesis and expression of related genes. Importantly, BMAL1 also participates in pathogenesis of human reproductive diseases. In this review, we elaborate on the impaired reproduction of BMAL1-KO mice including the reproductive organs, reproductive endocrine hormones, and reproductive processes, highlighting the vital role of BMAL1 in fertility and reproductive endocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiping Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Regulation Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Andrology/Sichuan Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ayuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiechao Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhui Li, ; Dezhi Mu,
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jinhui Li, ; Dezhi Mu,
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15
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Wang L, Li J, Zhang L, Shi S, Zhou X, Hu Y, Gao L, Yang G, Pang W, Chen H, Zhao L, Chu G, Cai C. NR1D1 targeting CYP19A1 inhibits estrogen synthesis in ovarian granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2021; 180:17-29. [PMID: 34933195 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system performs an important role in mammalian reproduction with significant effects on hormone secretion. Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1) functions as a transcriptional repressor in the circadian system and affects granulosa cells (GCs), but how it regulates estrogen synthesis has not been clarified. We investigated the effect of NR1D1 on estrogen synthesis and found that NR1D1 was highly expressed in GCs, mainly in cell nuclei. Additionally, the expression of NR1D1 and estrogen synthesis key genes CYP19A1, CYP11A1 and StAR showed rhythmic changes in porcine ovarian GCs. Activation of NR1D1 enhances its ability to inhibit the transcriptional activity of CYP19A1 by binding to the RORE on the CYP19A1 promoter, resulting in a decrease in estradiol content. Interference with NR1D1 can eliminate the transcriptional inhibition of CYP19A1 and promote the synthesis of estradiol. The results suggest that the hormone secretion of the ovary itself is also regulated by the biological clock, and any factors that affect the circadian rhythm can affect the endocrine and reproductive performance of sows, so the natural rhythm of sows should be maintained in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liguang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengjie Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yamei Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huatao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuanjiang Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F Univeristy, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Brzezinski A, Rai S, Purohit A, Pandi-Perumal SR. Melatonin, Clock Genes, and Mammalian Reproduction: What Is the Link? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413240. [PMID: 34948038 PMCID: PMC8704059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiological processes and behaviors in many mammals are rhythmic. Recently there has been increasing interest in the role of circadian rhythmicity in the control of reproductive function. The circadian rhythm of the pineal hormone melatonin plays a role in synchronizing the reproductive responses of animals to environmental light conditions. There is some evidence that melatonin may have a role in the biological regulation of circadian rhythms and reproduction in humans. Moreover, circadian rhythms and clock genes appear to be involved in optimal reproductive performance. These rhythms are controlled by an endogenous molecular clock within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus, which is entrained by the light/dark cycle. The SCN synchronizes multiple subsidiary oscillators (clock genes) existing in various tissues throughout the body. The basis for maintaining the circadian rhythm is a molecular clock consisting of transcriptional/translational feedback loops. Circadian rhythms and clock genes appear to be involved in optimal reproductive performance. This mini review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the interrelationships between melatonin and the endogenous molecular clocks and their involvement in reproductive physiology (e.g., ovulation) and pathophysiology (e.g., polycystic ovarian syndrome).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnon Brzezinski
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Seema Rai
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalaya (A Central University), Koni, Bilaspur 495009, India; (S.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Adyasha Purohit
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidayalaya (A Central University), Koni, Bilaspur 495009, India; (S.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, ON M6H 1C5, Canada;
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
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17
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Han Q, He X, Di R, Chu M. Comparison of expression patterns of six canonical clock genes of follicular phase and luteal phase in Small-tailed Han sheep. Arch Anim Breed 2021; 64:457-466. [PMID: 34746369 PMCID: PMC8567854 DOI: 10.5194/aab-64-457-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is a biological rhythm that is closely related to
the rhythmic expression of a series of clock genes. Results from several
studies have indicated that clock genes are associated with the estrous cycle in
female animals. Until now, the relationship between estrus cycle transition
and clock gene expression in reproductive-axis-related tissues has remained
unknown in Small-tailed Han (STH) sheep. This study was conducted to analyze
the expression patterns of six canonical clock genes (Clock, BMAL1, Per1, Per2, Cry1, and Cry2) in the follicle
phase and luteal phase of STH sheep. We found that all six genes were
expressed in the brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary, uterus,
and oviduct in follicle and luteal phases. The results indicated that Clock expression
was significantly higher in the cerebellum, hypothalamus, and uterus of
the luteal phase than that of the follicle phase, whereas BMAL1 expression was
significantly higher in the hypothalamus of the luteal phase than that of
the follicle phase. Per1 expression was significantly higher in the brain,
cerebellum, hypothalamus, and pituitary of the luteal phase than that of the follicle
phase, and Per2 expression was significantly higher in the hypothalamus,
pituitary, and uterus of the luteal phase than that of the follicle phase. Cry1
expression was significantly higher in the brain, cerebellum, and
hypothalamus of the luteal phase than that of the follicle phase, whereas Cry2 expression
was significantly higher in the pituitary of the luteal phase than that of the
follicle phase. The clock gene expression in all tissues was different
between follicle and luteal phases, but all clock gene mRNA levels were
found to exhibit higher expression among seven tissues in the luteal
phase. Our results suggest that estrous cycles may be associated
with clock gene expression in the STH sheep. This is the first study to
systematically analyze the expression patterns of clock genes of different
estrous cycle in ewes, which could form a basis for further studies to
develop the relationship between clock genes and the estrous cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ran Di
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
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18
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Cui L, Xu F, Jiang Z, Wang S, Li X, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Du M. Melatonin regulates proliferation and apoptosis of endometrial stromal cells via MT1. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1333-1341. [PMID: 34343226 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial dysfunction is an important factor for implantation failure. The function of the endometrium is regulated by multiple factors like sex hormones and circadian rhythms. Endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) are a major cellular component in the endometrium, which is essential for proper physiological activities of the endometrium and the establishment of pregnancy. Melatonin, as a circadian-controlled hormone, plays beneficial roles in the regulation of reproductive processes. MT1, a melatonin receptor, can regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. Whether melatonin-MT1 signal affects biological function of ESCs remains unknown. Here, we showed that MT1 was expressed in human ESCs (hESCs), which could be regulated by estrogen and progesterone. MT1 knockdown inhibited proliferative activity and promoted apoptosis of hESCs by activating caspase-3 and upregulating the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Melatonin could reverse the effect of MT1 knockdown on proliferative activity and apoptosis of hESCs. Melatonin could promote proliferative activity of hESCs via the JNK/P38 signal pathway and repress the apoptosis of hESCs via the JNK signal pathway. Moreover, in vivo experiments showed that MT1 expression was decreased in endometrial cells from mice with disrupted circadian rhythm, accompanied by increased apoptosis and suppressed proliferative activity, which could be alleviated by administration of melatonin. These results showed the regulatory effect of melatonin-MT1 signal on biological behaviors of ESCs, which might provide a novel therapeutic strategy for endometrial dysfunction induced by disrupted circadian rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Cui
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Feng Xu
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhuxuan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Yangzhou, Yangzhou Medical University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Songcun Wang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yan Ding
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Meirong Du
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200090, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510180, China
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Bisphenol analogs AF, S and F: Effects on functional characteristics of porcine granulosa cells. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 103:18-27. [PMID: 34019995 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to replace industrial functions of the restricted endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA), its structural analogs are increasingly employed without adequate assessment of their biological actions. Our study examined effects of the bisphenols AF (BPAF), S (BPS) and F (BPF), on functions of porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) with the focus on viability, steroid production (10-9-10-4M), and expression of factors (10-9-10-5M) important for the follicle development: vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Cell viability was not impaired by the bisphenol analogs, except for the highest BPAF concentration (10-4M). While the lower concentrations of the bisphenols were without effect, each of them reduced follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced progesterone synthesis at the highest dose. Estradiol synthesis was sensitive to BPS, inhibitory effects of which were manifested from the concentration of 10-6M. Treatment of GCs with the selected bisphenol concentrations did not result in marked alterations in steroidogenic enzyme expression. Bisphenols did not significantly modulate VEGFA mRNA expression or output either under basal or FSH-stimulated conditions. BPF at 10-5M increased MMP9 expression in FSH-stimulated cells. FSH upregulated FOXO1 expression, however, none of the bisphenols significantly affected FOXO1 levels either in basal or in FSH-stimulated conditions. AHR mRNA expression remained unchanged after bisphenol treatment. Although the significant effects of BPAF, BPS and BPF appeared only at supraphysiological doses, the results obtained indicate that BPA analogs are not inert with regard to ovarian physiology.
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20
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The Circadian Physiology: Implications in Livestock Health. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22042111. [PMID: 33672703 PMCID: PMC7924354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms exist in almost all types of cells in mammals. Thousands of genes exhibit approximately 24 h oscillations in their expression levels, making the circadian clock a crucial regulator of their normal functioning. In this regard, environmental factors to which internal physiological processes are synchronized (e.g., nutrition, feeding/eating patterns, timing and light exposure), become critical to optimize animal physiology, both by managing energy use and by realigning the incompatible processes. Once the circadian clock is disrupted, animals will face the increased risks of diseases, especially metabolic phenotypes. However, little is known about the molecular components of these clocks in domestic species and by which they respond to external stimuli. Here we review evidence for rhythmic control of livestock production and summarize the associated physiological functions, and the molecular mechanisms of the circadian regulation in pig, sheep and cattle. Identification of environmental and physiological inputs that affect circadian gene expressions will help development of novel targets and the corresponding approaches to optimize production efficiency in farm animals.
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21
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Wang Y, Chen M, Xu J, Liu X, Duan Y, Zhou C, Xu Y. Core clock gene Bmal1 deprivation impairs steroidogenesis in mice luteinized follicle cells. Reproduction 2020; 160:955-967. [PMID: 33112769 PMCID: PMC7707808 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Luteinization is the event of corpus luteum formation, a way of follicle cells transformation and a process of steroidogenesis alteration. As the core clock gene, Bmal1 was involved in the regulation of ovulation process and luteal function afterwards. Till now, the underlying roles of luteinization played by Bmal1 remain unknown. To explore the unique role of Bmal1 in luteal steroidogenesis and its underlying pathway, we investigated the luteal hormone synthesis profile in Bmal1 knockout female mice. We found that luteal hormone synthesis was notably impaired, and phosphorylation of PI3K/NfκB pathway was significantly activated. Then, the results were verified in in vitro cultured cells, including isolated Bmal1 interference granulosa cells (GCs) and theca cells (TCs), respectively. Hormones levels of supernatant culture media and mRNA expressions of steroidogenesis-associated genes (star, Hsd3β2, cyp19a1 in GCs, Lhcgr, star, Hsd3β2, cyp17a1 in TCs) were mutually decreased, while the phosphorylation of PI3K/NfκB was promoted during in vitro luteinization. After PI3K specific-inhibitor LY294002 intervention, mRNA expressions of Lhcgr and Hsd3β2 were partially rescued in Bmal1 interference TCs, together with significantly increased androstenedione and T synthesis. Further exploration in TCs demonstrated BMAL1 interacted directly but negatively with NfκB p65 (RelA), a subunit which was supposed as a mediator in Bmal1-governed PI3K signaling regulation. Taken together, we verified the novel role of Bmal1 in luteal steroidogenesis, achieving by negative interplay with RelA-mediated PI3K/NfκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minghui Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwei Duan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Canquan Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Influence of N-acetylcysteine on steroidogenesis and gene expression in porcine placental trophoblast cells. Theriogenology 2020; 161:49-56. [PMID: 33302164 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a widely used anti-inflammatory agent and antioxidant in vivo and in vitro. As a nutritional supplement, NAC can improve production and reproductive performances in animals through enhancing placental function and regulating hormone production. Trophoblast proliferation and steroid hormone production are two major functions in the placenta. We hypothesized that the effects of NAC on placental function is due to its direct and indirect effects on gene expression in placental trophoblast cells (pTr). To evaluate this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of NAC on steroidogenesis, gene expression, and cell proliferation in porcine pTr in vitro. pTr were treated with NAC in serum-free medium for 24 h with different concentrations (0, 0.1 μM, 1.0 μM, 10.0 μM, 0.1 mM, 1.0 mM, and 10.0 mM). Low-dose NAC (1 μM) stimulated pTr proliferation and decreased progesterone production, while increasing estradiol production (P < 0.05). High-dose NAC (10 mM) suppressed cell proliferation (P < 0.05), but had no effect on steroidogenesis. Low-dose NAC increased CCDN1 and decreased CASP3 and CASP8 mRNA levels (P < 0.05), whereas high-dose NAC decreased CDK4 and CCDN1 and increased CASP3 mRNA levels (P < 0.05). NAC had no effect on the mRNA abundance of StAR and HSD3B. Low-dose NAC upregulated CYP19A1 mRNA expression, and high-dose NAC downregulated CYP11A1 mRNA abundance (P < 0.05). Only low-dose NAC increased NOS3 mRNA abundance and tetrahydrobiopterin reduction (BH4/BH2 ratio). We conclude that NAC may act directly and indirectly on pTr with a dose-dependent manner and may regulate placental function by affecting pTr differentiation via regulating pTr steroid synthesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in sows.
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Shi S, Zhou X, Li J, Zhang L, Hu Y, Li Y, Yang G, Chu G. MiR-214-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits estradiol synthesis in porcine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:94. [PMID: 32944234 PMCID: PMC7488653 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00500-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Granulosa cells (GCs) proliferation and estradiol synthesis significantly affect follicular development. The miR-214-3p expression in the ovarian tissues of high-yielding sows is higher than that in low-yielding sows, indicating that miR-214-3p may be involved in sow fertility. However, the functions and mechanisms of miR-214-3p on GCs are unclear. This study focuses on miR-214-3p in terms of the effects on GCs proliferation and estradiol synthesis. Results Our findings revealed that miR-214-3p promotes proliferation and inhibits estradiol synthesis in porcine GCs. MiR-214-3p can increase the percentage of S-phase cells, the number of EdU labeled positive cells, and cell viability. However, E2 concentration was reduced after miR-214-3p agomir treatment. We also found that miR-214-3p up-regulates the expression of cell cycle genes including cell cycle protein B (Cyclin B), cell cycle protein D (Cyclin D), cell cycle protein E (Cyclin E), and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) at the transcription and translation levels, but down-regulates the mRNA and protein levels of cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) (i.e., the key enzymes in estradiol synthesis). On-line prediction, bioinformatics analysis, a luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot results showed that the target genes of miR-214-3p in proliferation and estradiol synthesis are Mfn2 and NR5A1, respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggest that miR-214-3p plays an important role in the functional regulation of porcine GCs and therefore may be a target gene for regulating follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Xiaoge Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Lutong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yamei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Yankun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Gongshe Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Guiyan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 China.,Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition & Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
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24
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Ding H, Zhao J, Liu H, Wang J, Lu W. BMAL1 knockdown promoted apoptosis and reduced testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line. Gene 2020; 747:144672. [PMID: 32305634 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) is a clock gene that plays an important role in hormone secretion and apoptosis, but its effect on Leydig cells is unidentified. Here the role of BMAL1 in apoptosis and testosterone secretion in TM3 Leydig cell line were investigated by inhibiting its expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Results showed that BMAL1 knockdown promoted the apoptosis of Leydig cells and expression of (BCL2 associated X) BAX mRNA and protein, and reduced the expression of (B-cell lymphoma-2) BCL-2 mRNA and protein. BMAL1 inhibition resulted in decreased testosterone secretion and reduced expression of key genes during hormone synthesis, specifically steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR), cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 (CYP11A1), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD). In addition, BMAL1 knockdown reduced the expression of phosphorylated p85 and AKT as confirmed by western blot. In conclusion, BMAL1 may affect testosterone secretion and apoptosis in mouse Leydig cells through regulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
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25
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Chen L, Wu X, Zeb F, Huang Y, An J, Jiang P, Chen A, Xu C, Feng Q. Acrolein-induced apoptosis of smooth muscle cells through NEAT1-Bmal1/Clock pathway and a protection from asparagus extract. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 258:113735. [PMID: 31864078 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) accelerates manifestation of plaque vulnerability in atherosclerosis. Long noncoding RNA NEAT1 participates in the proliferation and apoptosis of cells. In addition, circadian clock genes play a significant role in cell apoptosis. However, whether acrolein, an environmental pollutant, affects the apoptosis of VSMCs by regulating NEAT1 and clock genes is still elusive. We established VSMCs as an atherosclerotic cell model in vitro. Acrolein exposure reduced survival rate of VSMCs, and raised apoptosis percentage through upregulating the expression of Bax, Cytochrome c and Cleaved caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. Asparagus extract (AE), as a dietary supplementation, was able to protect VSMCs against acrolein-induced apoptosis. Expression of NEAT1, Bmal1 and Clock was decreased by acrolein, while was ameliorated by AE. Knockdown of NEAT1, Bmal1 or Clock promoted VSMCs apoptosis by regulating Bax, Bcl-2, Cytochrome c and Caspase-3 levels. Correspondingly, overexpression of NEAT1 inhibited the apoptosis. We also observed that silence of NEAT1 repressed the expression of Bmal1/Clock and vice versa. In this study, we demonstrated that VSMCs apoptosis induced by acrolein was associated with downregulation of NEAT1 and Bmal1/Clock. AE alleviated the effects of proapoptotic response and circadian disorders caused by acrolein, which shed a new light on cardiovascular protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Falak Zeb
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Yunxiang Huang
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Jing An
- Hebei Province Asparagus Industry Technology Research Institute, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Aochang Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Chuyue Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Qing Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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Leptin Receptor Mediates Bmal1 Regulation of Estrogen Synthesis in Granulosa Cells. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110899. [PMID: 31683864 PMCID: PMC6912815 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There is increased interest in determining the effect of the biological clock system on reproduction, but how this biological system affects mammalian fertility and the regulation by clock genes on key genes of reproduction is poorly understood. This study examined the function of Leptin on reproduction through interaction with the Leptin receptor (Lepr) and the regulation of the key clock gene brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (Bmal1) on Lepr. The results suggested that estrogen (E2) synthesis is regulated by Bmal1 through the Leptin–Lepr pathway as part of the regulatory mechanism of the circadian system on the fertility of female mammals. Abstract Chronobiology affects female fertility in mammals. Lepr is required for leptin regulation of female reproduction. The presence of E-box elements in the Lepr promoter that are recognized and bound by clock genes to initiate gene transcription suggested that circadian systems might regulate fertility through Lepr. However, it is unclear whether Bmal1, a key oscillator controlling other clock genes, is involved in leptin regulation in hormone synthesis through Lepr. In this study, serum estradiol (E2) concentration and the expressions of Bmal1, Lepr, Cyp19a1, and Cyp11a1 genes were found to display well-synchronized circadian rhythms. Knockdown of Bmal1 significantly reduced expression levels of Lepr, Fshr, and Cyp19a1 genes; protein production of Bmal1, Lepr, and Cyp19a1; and the E2 concentration in granulosa cells. Knockdown of Lepr reduced the expression levels of Cyp19a1 and Cyp11a1 genes and Cyp19a1 protein, and also reduced E2 concentration. Addition of leptin affected the expression of Cyp19a1, Cyp11a1, and Fshr genes. Bmal1 deficiency counteracted leptin-stimulated upregulation of the genes encoding E2 synthesis in granulosa cells. These results demonstrated that Bmal1 participates in the process by which leptin acts on Lepr to regulate E2 synthesis.
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Pott J, Bae YJ, Horn K, Teren A, Kühnapfel A, Kirsten H, Ceglarek U, Loeffler M, Thiery J, Kratzsch J, Scholz M. Genetic Association Study of Eight Steroid Hormones and Implications for Sexual Dimorphism of Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5008-5023. [PMID: 31169883 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Steroid hormones are important regulators of physiological processes in humans and are under genetic control. A link to coronary artery disease (CAD) is supposed. OBJECTIVE Our main objective was to identify genetic loci influencing steroid hormone levels. As a secondary aim, we searched for causal effects of steroid hormones on CAD. DESIGN We conducted genome-wide meta-association studies for eight steroid hormones: cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), estradiol, and testosterone in two independent cohorts (LIFE-Adult, LIFE-Heart, maximum n = 7667), and progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and aldosterone in LIFE-Heart only (maximum n = 2070). All genome-wide significant loci were tested for sex interactions. Furthermore, we tested whether previously reported CAD single-nucleotide polymorphisms were associated with our steroid hormone panel and investigated causal links between hormone levels and CAD status using Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. RESULTS We discovered 15 novel associated loci for 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone, DHEAS, cortisol, androstenedione, and estradiol. Five of these loci relate to genes directly involved in steroid metabolism, that is, CYP21A1, CYP11B1, CYP17A1, STS, and HSD17B12, almost completing the set of steroidogenic enzymes with genetic associations. Sexual dimorphisms were found for seven of the novel loci. Other loci correspond, for example, to the WNT4/β-catenin pathway. MR revealed that cortisol, androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and DHEA-S had causal effects on CAD. We also observed enrichment of cortisol and testosterone associations among known CAD hits. CONCLUSION Our study greatly improves insight into genetic regulation of steroid hormones and their dependency on sex. These results could serve as a basis for analyzing sexual dimorphism in other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janne Pott
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yoon Ju Bae
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katrin Horn
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrej Teren
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Heart Center Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Kühnapfel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Kirsten
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Uta Ceglarek
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Loeffler
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joachim Thiery
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kratzsch
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Scholz
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- LIFE Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Chen H, Yang Y, Wang Y, He Y, Duan J, Cheng J, Li Q. The effects of phospholipase C on oestradiol and progesterone secretion in porcine granulosa cells cultured in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1236-1243. [PMID: 31319005 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cells play important roles in the regulation of ovarian functions. Phospholipase C is crucial in several signalling pathways and could participate in the molecular mechanisms of cell proliferation, differentiation and ageing. The objective of this study was to identify the effects of phospholipase C on the steroidogenesis of oestradiol and progesterone in porcine granulosa cells cultured in vitro. Inhibitor U73122 or activator m-3M3FBS of phospholipase C was added to the in vitro medium of porcine granulosa cells, respectively. The secretion of oestradiol decreased after 2 hr, 8 hr, 12 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr of treatment with 500 nM U73122 (p < .05) and decreased after 2 hr of treatment in the 500 nM m-3M3FBS addition group (p < .05). The secretion of progesterone increased after 4 hr of treatment with 500 nM U73122 (p < .05) and increased after 2 hr and 8 hr of treatment in the 500 nM m-3M3FBS addition group (p < .05). The ratio of oestradiol to progesterone decreased at each time point, except 8 hr after the addition of 500 nM U73122 (p < .05). The ratio of oestradiol to progesterone decreased after 2 hr (p < .05) of treatment with 500 nM m-3M3FBS. In genes that regulate the synthesis of oestradiol or progesterone, the mRNA expression of CYP11A1 was markedly increased (p < .05), and the mRNA expression of other genes did not change significantly in the U73122 treatment group, while the addition of m-3M3FBS did not change those genes significantly despite the contrary trend. Our results demonstrated that phospholipase C can be a potential target to stimulate the secretion of oestradiol and suppress progesterone secretion in porcine granulosa cells cultured in vitro, which shed light on a novel biological function of phospholipase C in porcine granulosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Youfu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yamei He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Hanzhong Vocational and Technical College, Hanzhong, China
| | - Jiaxin Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jianyong Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qingwang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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