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Local embryo-mediated changes in endometrial gene expression during embryo mobility in mares. Theriogenology 2022; 182:78-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Barraza DE, Sari LM, Apichela SA, Ratto MH, Argañaraz ME. New Insights Into the Role of β-NGF/TrKA System in the Endometrium of Alpacas During Early Pregnancy. Front Vet Sci 2021; 7:583369. [PMID: 33553274 PMCID: PMC7862743 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.583369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One striking reproductive feature in South American camelids is that more than 90% of gestations are established in the left uterine horn (LUH). This phenomenon could be related to a differential vascular irrigation of the LUH. An increase of vascularization in llama endometrium was observed after systemic administration of Beta Nerve Growth Factor (β-NGF), a neurotrophin present in the uterus and placenta of various mammals that is involved in pregnancy development. We hypothesized that the β-NGF signaling pathway is related to embryo implantation in the LUH in camelids. The aim of this study was to characterize the spatial expression of β-NGF and its high-affinity receptor, TrKA, between LUH and right uterine horn (RUH) of non-pregnant (NP) and early pregnant alpacas (15 and 30 days of gestation, 15 and 30P, respectively). In addition, β-NGF, TrKA, and Vascular Endothelium Growth Factor A (VEGFA) temporal gene expression patterns and counting of blood vessels were evaluated among groups. The β-NGF and TrKA were localized in the luminal, glandular, and vascular epithelium of the alpaca uterus and in the embryonic membranes of the 30-days-old conceptus. β-NGF and TrKA immunosignal were stronger in 15P females than that of NP and 30P. In addition, TrKA signal was higher in the LUH luminal epithelium of NP and 15P alpacas than that of NP-RUH and 15P-RUH. β-NGF mRNA relative abundance was higher in the 30P-RUH than that of NP-RUH; whereas TrKA mRNA abundance only differed between 15P-RUH and NP-LUH. VEGFA mRNA relative abundance was higher in NP females compared to the LUH of 15P and 30P alpacas, and lower to their right counterparts. The number of vessels per field was higher in 15P than that of 30P. A positive correlation was observed between the number of vessels per field and β-NGF immunosignal in 15P-LUH. In contrast, the area occupied by vessels was higher in 30P alpacas than of NP and 15P females. The changes of β-NGF/TrKA expression pattern in the peri-implantation endometria between LUH and RUH and their localization in the extraembryonic membranes support the implication of the neurotrophin during implantation and pregnancy development in South American Camelids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela E Barraza
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciana M Sari
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Silvana A Apichela
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Cátedra de Zootecnia General I, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Marcelo H Ratto
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Martin E Argañaraz
- Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Biológicas (INSIBIO), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (CONICET-UNT), and Instituto de Biología "Dr. Francisco D. Barbieri", Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina.,Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, UNT, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Kalpokas I, Martínez MN, Cavestany D, Perdigón F, Mattos RC, Meikle A. Equine early pregnancy endocrine profiles and ipsilateral endometrial immune cell, gene expression and protein localisation response. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:410-426. [PMID: 33752795 DOI: 10.1071/rd21001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the early effects of the equine embryo on maternal serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), leptin and adiponectin, uterine immune cells and genes and proteins related to embryo development and the maintenance of pregnancy. Ipsilateral endometrial expression was assessed on Days 7 and 13 after ovulation for the following transcripts: oestrogen receptor ERα (ESR1), progesterone receptor (PGR), progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 5 (PAQR5), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), raf-1 proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (RAF1), p21-activated kinase 6 (PAK6), fibroblast growth factor family member 9 (FGF9), IGF1 and its receptor (IGF1R), mucin 1 (MUC1), osteopontin (OPN), leptin receptor (LEPR) and adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2). Ipsilateral endometrial immunological cell infiltration and immunohistochemical protein localisation were evaluated on Days 7, 10 and 13 after ovulation for ERα, PGR, OXTR, PTGS2, IGF1, IGF1R, IGF2 and MUC1. Serum hormone concentrations were not affected by reproductive status. Pregnancy downregulated ESR1 and PGR mRNA levels, upregulated the expression of all other genes and affected the expression of all genes, except PGR, on Day 7 (compared with eight genes affected at Day 13). Proteins were affected by pregnancy or by its interaction with other variables (day of extraction and endometrial compartment). Pregnant mares had a higher lymphocyte count, which decreased towards Day 13. The effect of pregnancy on leucocytes and proteins was more evident in superficial endometrial compartments. The results of this study suggest that the equine embryo exerts prompt paracrine regulation of critical biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Kalpokas
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterinary Faculty, Montevideo, Uruguay; and Corresponding author.
| | - María Noel Martínez
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterinary Faculty, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniel Cavestany
- Department of Reproduction, Veterinary Faculty, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | | | - Ana Meikle
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Metabolism, Veterinary Faculty, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Zhang K, Li H, Dong S, Liu Y, Wang D, Liu H, Su F, Ge L, Jiang Y. Establishment and evaluation of a PRRSV-sensitive porcine endometrial epithelial cell line by transfecting SV40 large T antigen. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:299. [PMID: 31426793 PMCID: PMC6700808 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PRRSV is an infectious illness causing lung injury and abortion in sows. Cells apoptosis in the interface between the endometrium and fetal placenta is a crucial factor causing abortion. Previous study confirmed PRRSV could cause apoptosis of macrophages but rarely produced an obvious change in porcine endometrial epithelial cells (PECs). Recently, PRRSV-induced abortion was attributed to fetal placental and endometrium epithelial cells (Sn+ and CD163+) apoptosis. However, the mechanism of abortion is still unrevealed because of the limit of porcine endometrium epithelial cells (PEC). The aim of this study was to establish a stable immortalized PECs lines and use it to reveal the abortion mechanism. Results In this study, highly purified primary PECs were harvested through differential digestion, and their characteristics were confirmed by CK18, ERɑ and PR staining. Cells were then immortalized by transfecting a lentiviral vector that expressed SV40 large T antigen. PECs lines were obtained after puromycin screening. Proliferation of cell line was evaluated by cell growth curve and cell cycle assays. Cell lines exhibited faster proliferation capacity than primary cells. Biological characteristics of cell line were assessed by Western blot, karyotype analysis and staining, which confirmed that the cell line retained the endometrium characteristics. Finally, PRRSV sensitivity was assessed; expression of Sn and CD163 indicated that primary PECs and cell lines were all potentially sensitive to PRRSV. PRRSV infection tests showed an obvious increase in apoptotic rate in the infected PEC cell line, which suggested its susceptibility. Conclusion The newly constructed cell line is a useful tool for studying the mechanism of abortion caused by PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Houshen Li
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shasha Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Haichang Liu
- Ningbo Defangyuan Biotech Co. Ltd., No.166 of Xinghaibei Road, County of Ninghai, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Su
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China.
| | - Lijiang Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China.
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 271018, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, Shandong, China.
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Drews B, Rudolf Vegas A, van der Weijden VA, Milojevic V, Hankele AK, Schuler G, Ulbrich SE. Do ovarian steroid hormones control the resumption of embryonic growth following the period of diapause in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)? Reprod Biol 2019; 19:149-157. [PMID: 31147267 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic diapause in the European roe deer includes a period of five months from August to December in which embryonic development is extremely decelerated. Following exit from diapause, the embryo rapidly elongates and subsequently implants. In diapausing carnivores and marsupials, resumption of embryonic growth is regulated by ovarian steroid hormones. In the roe deer, the role of steroid hormones is not known to date. In the present study, progesterone (P4), estradiol-17β (E2) and total estrogens (Etot) were determined in blood plasma and endometrium of roe deer shot in the course of regular huntings between September and December. Steroid hormone concentrations were correlated to the corresponding size of the embryo derived from ex vivo uterine flushing and to the date of sampling. The mean plasma concentrations of P4 (5.4 ± 0.2 ng/ml, mean ± SE, N = 87), E2 (24.3 ± 2.6 pg/ml, N = 86) and Etot (21.7 ± 2.6 pg/ml, N = 78) remained constant over the sampling period and were not correlated to embryonic size. Likewise, endometrial concentrations of P4 (66.1 ± 6.5 ng/g), E2 (284.0 ± 24.43 pg/g) and, Etot (440.9 ± 24.43 pg/g) showed no changes over time [corrected]. Therefore, it was concluded that ovarian steroid hormones do not play a determining role in resumption of embryonic growth following the period of diapause in the roe deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Drews
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Switzerland
| | - Alba Rudolf Vegas
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Switzerland
| | | | - Vladimir Milojevic
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Switzerland
| | | | - Gerhard Schuler
- Clinic for Veterinary Obstetrics, Gynecology and Andrology of Large and Small Animals, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
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