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Turgut AO, Koca D. Anti-Müllerian hormone as a promising novel biomarker for litter size in Romanov sheep. Reprod Domest Anim 2024; 59:e14692. [PMID: 39091039 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a hormone produced by growing preantral and antral follicles of the ovary. AMH is accepted as an important biomarker for fertility and superovulation parameters in livestock species. This study aimed to evaluate changes in serum AMH level in the oestrous cycle, repeatability of AMH, the effect of age on serum AMH level and the effects of AMH on litter size in Romanov sheep. In the study, a total of 36 Romanov sheep were used as animal material. First blood samples (0th day) were collected from 36 ewes to evaluate AMH and progesterone levels. Second blood samples were collected randomly from 20 ewes 9 days after first sampling to compare AMH levels at two different periods of the oestrous cycle in Romanov ewes. The ewes were categorized into three groups as low, medium and high AMH based on their first AMH levels. Results indicated that serum AMH level did not change during the oestrous and dioestrous phases of the oestrous cycle and two random time points of the oestrous cycle (p > .05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there is a high (r = .95) and significant (p < .001) correlation between AMH levels at the 0th (AMH-1) and 9th (AMH-2) days. The effect of AMH level on litter size was found to be significant. Litter size was significantly higher in the high AMH group than in the low AMH group (p < .05). In addition, the age of ewes did not affect serum AMH levels (p > .05). ROC analysis indicates that AMH cut-off value >320 pg/mL with 70% sensitivity and 100% specificity can be used for litter size in Romanov ewes. In conclusion, AMH is highly repeatable and its serum AMH level did not change during the oestrous cycle in Romanov sheep. In addition, AMH affects litter size and can be reliably used as a marker for litter size in Romanov sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Osman Turgut
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Davut Koca
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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2
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Medica AJ, Lambourne S, Aitken RJ. Predicting the Outcome of Equine Artificial Inseminations Using Chilled Semen. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071203. [PMID: 37048459 PMCID: PMC10093274 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether an analysis of stallion ejaculate could accurately predict the likelihood of pregnancy resulting from artificial insemination in mares. This study involved 46 inseminations of 41 mares, using 7 standardbred stallions over a 5-week period at an Australian pacing stud. Semen quality was assessed immediately after collection and again after chilling at ~5 °C for 24 h. The assessment involved evaluating ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, and motility parameters using an iSperm® Equine portable device. After the initial evaluation, a subpopulation of cells was subjected to a migration assay through a 5 µm polycarbonate filter within a Samson™ isolation chamber over a 15 min period. The cells were assessed for their concentration, motility parameters, and ability to reduce the membrane impermeant tetrazolium salt WST-1. The data, combined with the stallion and mare's ages, were used to predict the likelihood of pregnancy, as confirmed by rectal ultrasound sonography performed 14 days post ovulation. The criteria used to predict pregnancy were optimized for each individual stallion, resulting in an overall accuracy of 87.9% if analyzed pre-chilling and 95% if analyzed post-chilling. This study suggests that an analysis of stallion ejaculate can be used to predict the likelihood of pregnancy resulting from artificial insemination in mares with a high level of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Jade Medica
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Sarah Lambourne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Robert John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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3
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Fouché N, Gerber V, Bruckmaier RM, Erni-Wespi B, Zander Y, Vidondo B, Sieme H, Claes A, Kaeser R, Burger D. Assessment of anti-Müllerian hormone in mares' transitional period and in relation to fertility in elderly mares. Theriogenology 2022; 179:97-102. [PMID: 34864361 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) has been linked to reproductive tract abnormalities in mares and stallions. This study aimed at evaluating AMH as a biomarker for two reproductive conditions in mares. In the first part of this study, plasma AMH was evaluated as an early indicator of the onset of cyclicity in mares in the transitional period from the anovulatory phase during winter anoestrus to the cyclic phase during the breeding season. Ten mares between 8 and 17 years old were included in the experiment which lasted from mid-February until the end of April. Ovarian activity was monitored with ultrasonography three times per week, the detection of a corpus haemorrhagicum/luteum was documented and antral follicle counts (AFC) were recorded. Blood samples were collected weekly by jugular venipuncture during the whole study period to compare AMH concentrations before and after the first ovulation of the year. The second objective was to evaluate if plasma AMH concentrations in middle-aged mares are linked to fertility and could serve as a prognostic marker in that age group. A total of 41 privately-owned clinically sound mares aged between 12 and 21 years of various breeds were inseminated with fresh or frozen semen. Mares were scanned between day 14 and 20 and the "early pregnancy rate" included only positive pregnancy examinations after the first observed cycle in the season of each mare. Potential associations between the early pregnancy rate in the first cycle and the explanatory factors AMH concentrations, age, status of the mare, stud, development of post-breeding endometritis, number of inseminations and semen type were analysed using logistic regression models. In the first part of the study, correlation between AMH and AFC for the whole study period (P = 0.0002, ρ = 0.55) as well as prior to (P = 0.008, ρ = 0.58) and after the first ovulation (P = 0.0007, ρ = 0.69) were observed. However, AMH concentrations before and after the first ovulation of the year were not statistically different. The second part of the study revealed no association between early pregnancy rate and AMH concentrations or any of the other mentioned factors. In conclusion, this study showed no evidence of a difference between AMH concentrations before and after the first ovulation of the year thus not supporting the use of AMH as a biomarker to predict the onset of cyclicity in mares. We could furthermore not show a relationship between plasma AMH concentrations and early pregnancy rates in this cohort of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Fouché
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Avenches, Switzerland
| | - V Gerber
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Avenches, Switzerland
| | - R M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Erni-Wespi
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Avenches, Switzerland
| | - Y Zander
- Haupt- und Landgestüt Marbach, Gomadingen, Germany
| | - B Vidondo
- Veterinary Public Health Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - H Sieme
- Clinic for Horses - Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
| | - A Claes
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - R Kaeser
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Avenches, Switzerland
| | - D Burger
- Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine, University of Bern, and Agroscope, Bern, Avenches, Switzerland.
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Lu H, Ma L, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhang J, Wang S. Current Animal Model Systems for Ovarian Aging Research. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1183-1195. [PMID: 35855343 PMCID: PMC9286907 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian aging leads to menopause, loss of fertility and other disorders in multiple organs, which brings great distress to women. For ethical reasons, it is impossible to use humans as direct study subjects for aging research. Therefore, biomedical researchers have employed different non-human organisms to study ovarian aging, including worms, fruit flies, fishes, amphibians, birds, mice, rats, cavies, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows, horses, monkeys, and apes. Because each of these model organisms has its own features, multiple factors, such as size, anatomical structure, cost, ease of operation, fertility, generation time, lifespan, and gene heredity, should be carefully considered when selecting a model system to study ovarian aging. An appropriate model organism would help researchers explore the risk factors and elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying declined ovarian functions, which might be conducive to preventing or delaying the ovarian aging process. This article will offer an overview on several currently available and commonly used model organisms for ovarian aging research by comparing their pros and cons. In doing so, we hope to provide useful information for ovarian aging researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Lingwei Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Yanzhi Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Shixuan Wang () and Dr. Jinjin Zhang (), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shixuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrical and Gynecological Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Shixuan Wang () and Dr. Jinjin Zhang (), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Derisoud E, Auclair-Ronzaud J, Palmer E, Robles M, Chavatte-Palmer P. Female age and parity in horses: how and why does it matter? Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:52-116. [PMID: 35231230 DOI: 10.1071/rd21267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although puberty can occur as early as 14-15months of age, depending on breed and use, the reproductive career of mares may continue to advanced ages. Once mares are used as broodmares, they will usually produce foals once a year until they become unfertile, and their productivity can be enhanced and/or prolonged through embryo technologies. There is a general consensus that old mares are less fertile, but maternal age and parity are confounding factors because nulliparous mares are usually younger and older mares are multiparous in most studies. This review shows that age critically affects cyclicity, folliculogenesis, oocyte and embryo quality as well as presence of oviductal masses and uterine tract function. Maternal parity has a non-linear effect. Primiparity has a major influence on placental and foal development, with smaller foals at the first gestation that remain smaller postnatally. After the first gestation, endometrial quality and uterine clearance capacities decline progressively with increasing parity and age, whilst placental and foal birthweight and milk production increase. These combined effects should be carefully balanced when breeding mares, in particular when choosing and caring for recipients and their foals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Derisoud
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Eric Palmer
- Académie d'Agriculture de France, 75007 Paris, France
| | - Morgane Robles
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France; and INRS Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, H7V 1B7 Laval, QC, Canada
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France; and Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
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Papas M, Govaere J, Peere S, Gerits I, Van de Velde M, Angel-Velez D, De Coster T, Van Soom A, Smits K. Anti-Müllerian Hormone and OPU-ICSI Outcome in the Mare. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072004. [PMID: 34359132 PMCID: PMC8300260 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) reflects the population of growing follicles and has been related to mammalian fertility. In the horse, clinical application of ovum pick-up and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (OPU-ICSI) is increasing, but results depend largely on the individuality of the mare. The aim of this study was to assess AMH as a predictor for the OPU-ICSI outcome in horses. Therefore, 103 mares with a total follicle count above 10 were included in a commercial OPU-ICSI session and serum AMH was determined using ELISA. Overall, the AMH level was significantly correlated with the number of aspirated follicles and the number of recovered oocytes (p < 0.001). Mares with a high AMH level (≥2.5 µg/L) yielded significantly greater numbers of follicles (22.9 ± 1.2), oocytes (13.5 ± 0.8), and blastocysts (2.1 ± 0.4) per OPU-ICSI session compared to mares with medium (1.5-2.5 µg/L) or low AMH levels (<1.5 µg/L), but no significant differences in blastocyst rates were observed. Yet, AMH levels were variable and 58% of the mares with low AMH also produced an embryo. In conclusion, measurement of serum AMH can be used to identify mares with higher chances of producing multiple in vitro embryos, but not as an independent predictor of successful OPU-ICSI in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Papas
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan Govaere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Sofie Peere
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Ilse Gerits
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Margot Van de Velde
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Daniel Angel-Velez
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
- Research Group in Animal Sciences-INCA-CES, Universidad CES, 050021 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Tine De Coster
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Ann Van Soom
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Katrien Smits
- Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; (J.G.); (S.P.); (I.G.); (M.V.d.V.); (D.A.-V.); (T.D.C.); (A.V.S.); (K.S.)
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Gautam D, Vats A, Pal P, Haldar A, De S. Characterization of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) Gene in Buffaloes and Goats. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:627094. [PMID: 33763463 PMCID: PMC7982541 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.627094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily, playing a significant role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In females, AMH is secreted throughout their reproductive life span from ovaries, whereas in males it is secreted by gonadal cells at a very early stage of testicular development. AMH is a promising marker of ovarian reserve in women and can be used to measure the female reproductive lifespan. In the present study, we cloned and sequenced the GC rich AMH gene from Indian riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and goat (Capra hircus). Obtained sequences were compared to the AMH sequences of other mammals, and corresponding amino acid sequences revealed that the caprine and bovine AMH sequences are more closely related to each other than to those of other mammals. Furthermore, we analyzed the chromosomal localization of AMH genes in mammalian species to understand potential syntenic relationship. The AMH gene is localized between the sequences for the SF3A and JSRP1 genes and maintains this precise location in relation to other nearby genes. The dN/dS ratio of AMH gene did not indicate any pressure for either positive or negative selection; thus, the physiological function of the AMH gene in the reproduction of these two ruminant species remains very vital. Similar to other mammals, the AMH gene may be an important indicator for regulating female reproductive biology function in bovine, cetacean, caprine, and camelidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Gautam
- Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Ashutosh Vats
- Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Prasanna Pal
- Animal Physiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
| | - Avijit Haldar
- ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute (ATARI), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Sachinandan De
- Animal Genomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, India
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Goncalves GR, Morotti F, Colombo AHB, Bonato DV, Bizarro-Silva C, Rosa CO, Cavalieri FLB, Seneda MM. Influence of age and ovarian antral follicle count on the reproductive characteristics of embryo donor mares. Vet Rec 2020; 186:564. [PMID: 31896722 DOI: 10.1136/vr.105526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age and antral follicle count (AFC) are related to fertility in cattle, but this information remains limited in mares. METHODS To verify the influence of age and AFC on the reproductive characteristics of mares, 15 Quarter Horse donors, with 5-15 antral follicles, ranging from three to 17 years old, healthy and in good nutritional status, were divided into groups with low AFC (≤9 follicles) or high AFC (≥10 follicles) and mares considered young (≤9 years) or old (≥10 years). Mares were submitted to ultrasonography to determine the dominant follicle diameter, follicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and embryonic recovery for a minimum of three oestrous cycles. RESULTS AFC was higher (P=0.001) in young mares compared with old mares. An interaction (P=0.001) between AFC and age was observed with regard to follicular growth rate, being that mares with low AFC and are old showed the lowest follicular growth compared with those of low AFC and young, high AFC and old, and high AFC and young. Younger mares and those with high AFC exhibited higher degree of uterine oedema (P<0.05) on the third day of oestrus compared with older mares and with low AFC (3 and 2, respectively). However, in both groups, the degree of oedema reduced by the time of ovulation. CONCLUSION Follicular growth rate, degree of uterine oedema and the number of antral follicles are higher in young mares with high AFC. However, the rate of embryonic recovery is not influenced by donors' age or AFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Romero Goncalves
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Inga University Center - UNINGÁ, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
| | - Fábio Morotti
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | | | - Denis Vinicius Bonato
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Camila Bizarro-Silva
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Rosa
- Department of Veterinary Clinics, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Parana, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz Bim Cavalieri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, High Education Center of Maringa - CESUMAR, Maringa, Parana, Brazil
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9
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AMH: Could It Be Used as A Biomarker for Fertility and Superovulation in Domestic Animals? Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10121009. [PMID: 31817280 PMCID: PMC6947652 DOI: 10.3390/genes10121009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a reliable and easily detectable reproductive marker for the fertility competence of many farm animal species. AMH is also a good predictor of superovulation in cattle, sheep, and mares. In this review, we have summarized the recent findings related to AMH and its predictive reliability related to fertility and superovulation in domestic animals, especially in cattle. We focused on: (1) the dynamics of AMH level from infancy to prepubescence as well as during puberty and adulthood; (2) AMH as a predictor of fertility; (3) the association between antral follicle count (AFC) and plasma AMH level; (4) AMH as a predictor of superovulation; and (5) factors affecting AMH levels in domestic animals, especially cattle. Many factors affect the circulatory levels of AMH when considering the plasma, like nutrition, activity of granulosa cells, disease state and endocrine disruptions during fetal life. Briefly, we concluded that AMH concentrations are static within individuals, and collection of a single dose of blood has become more popular in the field of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). It may act as a potential predictor of fertility, superovulation, and ovarian disorders in domestic animals. However, due to the limited research in domestic animals, this potential of AMH remains underutilized.
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Li Y, Gao D, Xu T, Adur MK, Zhang L, Luo L, Zhu T, Tong X, Zhang D, Wang Y, Ning W, Qi X, Cao Z, Zhang Y. Anti-Müllerian hormone inhibits luteinizing hormone-induced androstenedione synthesis in porcine theca cells. Theriogenology 2019; 142:421-432. [PMID: 31711705 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) is involved in the regulation of follicle growth initiation and inhibits FSH-induced aromatase expression and estrogen production in granulosa cells. However, the function of AMH in steroidogenesis by theca cells remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of AMH as a regulator of the basal and stimulated steroid production by pig granulosa cells (pGCs) and theca cells (pTCs). PGCs and pTCs were incubated with hormones AMH, LH (luteinizing hormone), FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), individually or in combination. The expression of CYP19A1, HSD3B1, CYP11A1, LHCGR, and CYP17A1 mRNA were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR. In pGCs, 10 ng/mL AMH significantly decreased the FSH-stimulated effect on FSHR and CYP19A1 expression and estradiol production. In pTCs, LH treatment significantly increased the expression of HSD3B1, CYP11A1, LHCGR, and androstenedione or progesterone production (P < 0.05). Additionally, 10 ng/mL AMH also significantly decreased the LH-stimulated effects on the expression of HSD3B1, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, LHCGR and androstenedione production. Transfection with siAMHR2-I abolished the suppressive effects of AMH on LH-induced HSD3B1 expression and androstenedione production. Taken together, these results demonstrate that AMH is involved in FSH induced estradiol production in pGCs and LH induced androstenedione production in pTCs by regulating the steroidogenesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Di Gao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Tengteng Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Malavika K Adur
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Ling Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xu Tong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Ning
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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