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Divya Sri B, Harsha Lekha S, Reddy KNG, Pathipati D, Rambabu Naik B, Jagapathy Ramayya P, Veera Bramhaiah K, Varaprasad Reddy LSS, Siva Kumar AVN. Kisspeptin stimulates sheep ovarian follicular development in vitro through homologous receptors. ZYGOTE 2024; 32:49-57. [PMID: 38059309 DOI: 10.1017/s096719942300059x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to elucidate (1) the influence of kisspeptin (KP) on the in vitro development of preantral follicles (PFs) and (2) evolution of KP receptor gene (KISS1R) expression during ovarian follicular development in sheep. Kisspeptin was supplemented (0-100 µg/ml) in the culture medium of PFs for 6 days. The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from cultured PFs were subsequently matured to metaphase II (MII) for an additional 24 h. The proportions of PFs exhibiting growth, antrum formation, average increase in diameter, and maturation of oocytes to MII stage were the indicators of follicular development in vitro. The expression of the kisspeptin receptor gene at each development stages of in vivo developed (preantral, early antral, antral, large antral and COCs from Graafian follicles) and in vitro cultured PFs supplemented with KP was assessed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. The best development in all the parameters under study was elicited with 10 µg/ml of KP. Supplementation of KP (10 µg/ml) in a medium containing other growth factors (insulin-like growth factor-I) and hormones (growth hormone, thyroxine, follicle-stimulating hormone) resulted in better PF development. The KISS1R gene was expressed in follicular cells and oocytes at all the development stages of both in vivo developed and in vitro cultured follicles. Higher KISS1R gene expression was supported by culture medium containing KP along with other hormones and growth factors. Accordingly, it is suggested that one of the mechanisms through which KP and other growth factors and hormones influence the ovarian follicular development in mammals is through the upregulation of expression of the KP receptor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Divya Sri
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - S Harsha Lekha
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Narendra Gopal Reddy
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Deepa Pathipati
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Rambabu Naik
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - P Jagapathy Ramayya
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, S. V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - K Veera Bramhaiah
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, S. V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - L S S Varaprasad Reddy
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A V N Siva Kumar
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, S.V. Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Gjuka D, Adib E, Garrison K, Chen J, Zhang Y, Li W, Boutz D, Lamb C, Tanno Y, Nassar A, El Zarif T, Kale N, Rakaee M, Mouhieddine TH, Alaiwi SA, Gusev A, Rogers T, Gao J, Georgiou G, Kwiatkowski DJ, Stone E. Enzyme-mediated depletion of methylthioadenosine restores T cell function in MTAP-deficient tumors and reverses immunotherapy resistance. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1774-1787.e9. [PMID: 37774699 PMCID: PMC10591910 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal region 9p21 containing tumor suppressors CDKN2A/B and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) is one of the most frequent genetic deletions in cancer. 9p21 loss is correlated with reduced tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Previously thought to be caused by CDKN2A/B loss, we now show that it is loss of MTAP that leads to poor outcomes on ICI therapy and reduced TIL density. MTAP loss causes accumulation of methylthioadenosine (MTA) both intracellularly and extracellularly and profoundly impairs T cell function via the inhibition of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and by adenosine receptor agonism. Administration of MTA-depleting enzymes reverses this immunosuppressive effect, increasing TILs and drastically impairing tumor growth and importantly, synergizes well with ICI therapy. As several studies have shown ICI resistance in 9p21/MTAP null/low patients, we propose that MTA degrading therapeutics may have substantial therapeutic benefit in these patients by enhancing ICI effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donjeta Gjuka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Elio Adib
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Lank Genitourinary Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kendra Garrison
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jianfeng Chen
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuxue Zhang
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wenjiao Li
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Boutz
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Candice Lamb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yuri Tanno
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Amin Nassar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Talal El Zarif
- Lank Genitourinary Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neil Kale
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mehrdad Rakaee
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tarek H Mouhieddine
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah Abou Alaiwi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Lank Genitourinary Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Rogers
- Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George Georgiou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Oncology, University of Texas Dell Medical School, LiveSTRONG Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - Everett Stone
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Oncology, University of Texas Dell Medical School, LiveSTRONG Cancer Institutes, Austin, TX, USA.
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Venkata Ratna S, Prasada Rao T, Pathipati D, Chaitanya Kumar TV, Rambabu Naik B, Siva Kumar AVN. Kisspeptin promotes follicular development through its effects on modulation of P450 aromatase expression and steroidogenesis in sheep ovarian follicles. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:1270-1278. [PMID: 37448136 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to ascertain whether the role of kisspeptin in promoting in vitro development of preantral follicles was through the regulation of P450 aromatase gene expression and steroidogenesis in sheep. Accordingly, the cumulus cells and oocytes were collected from different development stages of preantral follicles grown in vivo and cultured in vitro in TCM199B (Group I), TCM199B + KP (10 μg/mL) (Group II) and Standard medium + KP (10 μg/mL). To measure the steroid (Estradiol-17β; E2 and Progesterone; P4 ) synthesis through ELISA, spent culture medium was collected separately from the same in vitro groups. E2 synthesis in the spent medium collected from all the three groups showed an increasing trend from PFs' exposed to respective culture media for 3 min to 2-day culture stage but decreased thereafter till 6-day culture stage. This is followed by a sharp increase in E2 concentration in the spent medium collected after in vitro maturation. However, P4 synthesis in group III followed increased pattern as the development progressed from PFs' exposed to culture medium for 3 min to in vitro maturation stage. The steroid production was observed at all stages of in vitro development in altered supplemented conditions. The steroid synthesis in the spent medium was highest in the 6 day cultured PFs' in Standard medium + KP matured in vitro for 24 h. Therefore, supplementation of kisspeptin along with other growth factors promoted steroid production in cultured preantral follicles far better than in other media.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Venkata Ratna
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Prasada Rao
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Deepa Pathipati
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T V Chaitanya Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - B Rambabu Naik
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - A V N Siva Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Synthesis, Regulatory Factors, and Signaling Pathways of Estrogen in the Ovary. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:350-360. [PMID: 35384637 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
New insights have been thrown for understanding the significant role of estrogen on various systems of humans. Increasing evidences have determined the significant roles of estrogen in female reproductive system. So, the normal synthesis and secretion of estrogen play important roles in maintaining the function of tissues and organs. The ovaries are the main synthetic organs of estrogen. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge of the estrogen synthesis in the ovaries. A series of factors and signaling pathways that regulate the synthesis of estrogen are expounded in detail. Understanding the regulating factors and potential mechanism related to estrogen synthesis will be beneficial for understanding estrogen disorder related diseases and may provide novel therapeutic targets.
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Abdel-Hamid HA, Maqsoud NMA, Toni ND, Ahmed RF, Abdel-Hakeem EA. Leptin alleviated ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats via modulation of Sirt-1/Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-kB/caspase-3 signaling pathways. Endocr Regul 2023; 57:25-36. [PMID: 36753665 DOI: 10.2478/enr-2023-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. Ovarian torsion is a gynecological emergency that occurs mostly during the female reproductive years due to ovarian masses or surgical manipulation. This work aims to explore the probable protective effect of leptin on rat ovaries due to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: 1) control group; 2) ovarian IR group (OVIR); 3) leptin group I [OVIR + leptin (10 µg/kg body weight, b.w.)]; and 4) leptin group II (OVIR + leptin (100 µg/kg b.w.)]. Serum levels of estradiol and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were measured. Levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in ovarian tissue were determined along with the expression of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), nuclear erythroid factor-2 (Nrf2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor kappa (NF-κB), toll like receptor-4 (TLR4), and caspase-3. Results. Serum estradiol and AMH levels were decreased with increased expression of COX-2, TLR4, caspase-3, and NF-κB and decreased expression of Sirt1and Nrf2 in ovary of the OVIR group, which were improved by exogenous administration of both leptin doses. Conclusion. Leptin administration dose-dependently reduced the severity of OVIR injury via modulation of Sirt-1/Nrf2 and TLR4/NF-kB/caspase-3 signaling pathways. Thus, leptin may be used as an adjuvant measure to prevent ovarian damage and improve the outcomes. However, clinical studies are needed to evaluate these results in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Baha University, KSA
| | - Nehad Mr Abdel Maqsoud
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Delegated to Deraya University New Minia City, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Nisreen Dm Toni
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rasha F Ahmed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Gao Y, Zhao G, Song Y, Haire A, Yang A, Zhao X, Wusiman A. Presence of leptin and its receptor in the ram reproductive system and in vitro effect of leptin on sperm quality. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13982. [PMID: 36187750 PMCID: PMC9521348 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a 16 kDa hormone encoded by obese (OB) gene in adipocytes. This molecule not only regulates energy metabolism but also plays a role in the reproduction of mammals. Leptin and its receptor (OBR) have been found in male reproductive systems of human, bovine, equine and pig. The effects of leptin on sperm quality vary widely from different research findings. However, the presence of leptin and its receptor in the ram reproductive system and the in vitro effect of leptin on sperm quality have not reported yet. In the present study, we found that the OB was highly expressed in primary and secondary spermatocytes of the testes, OBR was highly expressed in secondary spermatocytes of the testes. The expressions of OB were in stereocilia of epididymis and in columnar cells of epididymal caput and cauda, the expressions of OBR were in columnar cells of epididymis and in stereocilia of epididymal corpus and cauda. The presence of both OB and OBR in testes, epididymis and sperm were confirmed through RT-PCR, immunolocalization and Western blot analyses. The RT-qPCR results indicated OB and OBR had higher expression levels in epididymal sperm than that of the ejaculated sperm in rams. When sperm were treated with 5 ng/mL leptin, the progressive motility (P < 0.01), straight-line velocity (VSL) (P < 0.05), average path velocity (VAP) (P < 0.05), membrane mitochondrial potential (MMP) (P < 0.01) and viability (P < 0.05) significantly increased, while DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly decreased compared to the control (P < 0.01), and the other semen parameters such as acrosome integrity and acrosome reaction rate had no significant changes between groups (P > 0.05). In conclusion, this is probably the first report describing localization of leptin and its receptors in the reproductive system of rams and their effects on sperm quality parameters. Our findings suggest that 5 ng/mL leptin treatment enhanced sperm motility, viability and MMP, and decrease DFI and ROS without obvious influence on the acrosome reaction in ram sperm. The potential mechanisms may be related to leptin's ability to reduce the oxidative stress and apoptosis of sperms and improve their mitochondrial function and energy supply, therefore, to maintain the physiological homeostasis of the sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhuozhou Hospital of Hebei Province, Zhuozhou, Hebei, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yukun Song
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Aerman Haire
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ailing Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Abulizi Wusiman
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agriculture University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Molecular characterization, expression profile and transcriptional regulation of the CYP19 gene in goose ovarian follicles. Gene 2022; 806:145928. [PMID: 34455027 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 Family 19 (CYP19) is a crucial enzyme to catalyze the conversion of androgens to estrogens. However, the regulatory mechanism of goose CYP19 gene remains poorly understood. The present study attempted to obtain the full-length coding sequence (CDS) and 5'-flanking sequence of CYP19 gene, to investigate its expression and distribution profiles in different sized follicles, and to analyze the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of CYP19 gene in goose. Results showed that its CDS consisted of 1512 nucleotides and the encoded amino acid sequence contained a classical P450 structural domain. Homology analysis showed that there were high homologies of nucleotide and amino acid sequences between goose and other avian species. Its promoter sequence spanned from -1925 bp to the transcription start site (ATG) and several transcriptional factors were predicted in this region. Further analysis from luciferase assay showed that the luciferase activity was the highest spanning from -118 to -1 bp by constructing deletion promoter reporter vector. In addition, result from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction indicated that the mRNA level of CYP19 gene were highly expressed in theca layer of the fifth largest follicle, and the cellular location was in the theca externa cells by immunohistochemistry. Taken together, it could be concluded that the transcription activity of CYP19 gene was activated by transcriptional factors in its proximal region of promoter to promote the synthesis of estrogens, regulating the selection of pre-hierarchical into hierarchical follicle in goose.
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Kona SSR, Kumar AVNS, Punyakumari B, Kumar RVS, Rao VH. Influence of TCM 199B, α-MEM, Waymouth MB 752/1 culture media, VEGF, Estradiol-17 β, GDF-9 and FGF on in vitro development of preantral follicles in sheep. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 13:100189. [PMID: 34286159 PMCID: PMC8274335 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 2792 preantral follicles (PFs') isolated from 750 ovaries of sheep were cultured in four different experiments. The efficacy of three commercially available culture media viz., TCM 199B, α-MEM and Waymouth MB 752/1 on the growth of sheep PFs' was tested in experiment I. Among the three media TCM 199B supported better development of PFs' in culture. The remaining experiments established the best concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Estradiol-17β (E2), GDF-9, Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and their best combinations for the in-vitro development of PFs'. Inclusion of VEGF at 10 ng/mL, Estradiol-17β at 5 ng/mL, GDF-9 at 10 ng/mL or FGF at 10 ng/mL individually in a standard medium (SM) (containing FSH, IGF-I, GH and T4) supported better nuclear maturation of the oocytes to MII stage. Different combinations of VEGF, Estradiol-17β, GDF-9 and FGF supplemented in the SM promoted similar overall follicular growth. However, (a) SM + VEGF(10 ng/mL) + E2(5 ng/mL) supported higher increase in the diameter, (b) SM without any supplements induced antrum formation in greater proportion of follicles, and (c) SM + VEGF(10 ng/mL) + GDF 9(10 ng/mL) or SM + E2 (5 ng/mL) + FGF(10 ng/mL) supported high proportion of oocytes to reach MII stage. To conclude, TCM 199B appeared to be a better medium for development of sheep PFs'. VEGF, Estradiol-17 β, GDF-9 and FGF have beneficial influence on the development of sheep PFs' when supplemented in TCM 199B.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S R Kona
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
| | - A V N Siva Kumar
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
| | | | - R V Suresh Kumar
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, 517502, India
| | - V H Rao
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, India
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Leptin decreases apoptosis and promotes the activation of primordial follicles through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway in cultured ovine ovarian tissue. ZYGOTE 2021; 29:445-451. [PMID: 33906701 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199421000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of leptin on primordial follicle survival and activation after in vitro culture of ovine ovarian tissue and if leptin acts through the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway. Ovarian fragments were fixed for histology (fresh control) or cultured for 7 days in control medium (α-MEM+) alone or supplemented with leptin (1, 5, 10, 25 or 50 ng/ml). Follicle morphology, activation and apoptosis were analyzed. Next, the fragments were cultured in the medium that showed the best results in the absence or the presence of the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002), and immunohistostaining of p-Akt protein was assessed. After culture, the percentage of normal follicles decreased (P < 0.05) in all treatments compared with the fresh control. Moreover, control medium and 1 ng/ml leptin had similar (P > 0.05) percentages of normal follicles, which were significantly higher than those in other treatments. However, culture with 1 ng/ml leptin maintained apoptosis similarly (P > 0.05) to that of the fresh control and lower (P < 0.05) than that in α-MEM+. Leptin did not influence follicle activation (P > 0.05) compared with the control medium (α-MEM+). Culture in 1 ng/ml leptin with LY294002 decreased the normal follicles and increased apoptosis, inhibited follicle activation (P < 0.05), and reduced p-Akt immunostaining, compared with the medium containing 1 ng/ml leptin without PI3K inhibitor. In conclusion, leptin at 1 ng/ml reduces apoptosis and promotes the activation of primordial follicles compared with the fresh control after in vitro culture of ovine ovarian tissue possibly through the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Lv WH, Chen GH, Zhuo MQ, Xu YH, Xu YC, Tan XY. Functional Analysis of Steroidogenic Factor 1 (sf-1) and 17α-Hydroxylase/Lyase (cyp17α) Promoters in Yellow Catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010195. [PMID: 33375507 PMCID: PMC7795741 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was performed to clone and characterize the structures and functions of steroidogenic factor 1 (sf-1) and 17α-hydroxylase/lyase (cyp17α) promoters in yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, a widely distributed freshwater teleost. We successfully obtained 1981 and 2034 bp sequences of sf-1 and cyp17α promoters, and predicted the putative binding sites of several transcription factors, such as Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), on sf-1 and cyp17α promoter regions, respectively. Overexpression of PPARγ significantly increased the activities of sf-1 and cyp17α promoters, but overexpression of PPARα significantly decreased the promoter activities of sf-1 and cyp17α. Overexpression of STAT3 reduced the activity of the sf-1 promoter but increased the activity of the cyp17α promoter. The analysis of site-mutation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay suggested that the sf-1 promoter possessed the STAT3 binding site, but did not the PPARα or PPARγ binding sites. In contrast, only the PPARγ site, not PPARα or STAT3 sites, was functional with the cyp17α promoter. Leptin significantly increased sf-1 promoter activity, but the mutation of STAT3 and PPARγ sites decreased leptin-induced activation of sf-1 promoter. Our findings offered the novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of sf-1 and cyp17α and suggested leptin regulated sf-1 promoter activity through STAT3 site in yellow catfish.
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