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Pioltine EM, Costa CB, Franchi FF, dos Santos PH, Nogueira MFG. Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Supplementation in In Vitro Culture of Indicine Bovine Embryos: Molecular and Cellular Effects on the In Vitro Cryotolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14060. [PMID: 37762363 PMCID: PMC10531190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During embryo development, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acts as an important site for protein biosynthesis; however, in vitro culture (IVC) can negatively affect ER homeostasis. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of the supplementation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor, in the IVC of bovine embryos. Two experiments were carried out: Exp. 1: an evaluation of blastocyst rate, hatching kinetics, and gene expression of hatched embryos after being treated with different concentrations of TUDCA (50, 200, or 1000 μM) in the IVC; Exp. 2: an evaluation of the re-expansion, hatching, and gene expression of hatched embryos previously treated with 200 µM of TUDCA at IVC and submitted to vitrification. There was no increase in the blastocyst and hatched blastocyst rates treated with TUDCA in the IVC. However, embryos submitted to vitrification after treatment with 200 µM of TUDCA underwent an increased hatching rate post-warming together with a down-regulation in the expression of ER stress-related genes and the accumulation of lipids. In conclusion, this work showed that the addition of TUDCA during in vitro culture can improve the cryotolerance of the bovine blastocyst through the putative modulation of ER and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mariano Pioltine
- Multi-User Laboratory of Phytomedicines Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhitoPharmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Bortoliero Costa
- Multi-User Laboratory of Phytomedicines Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhitoPharmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis 19806-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Fagali Franchi
- Multi-User Laboratory of Phytomedicines Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhitoPharmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Priscila Helena dos Santos
- Multi-User Laboratory of Phytomedicines Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhitoPharmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- Multi-User Laboratory of Phytomedicines Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhitoPharmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-000, Brazil
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis 19806-900, Brazil
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Galina CS, Geffroy M. Dual-Purpose Cattle Raised in Tropical Conditions: What Are Their Shortcomings in Sound Productive and Reproductive Function? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2224. [PMID: 37444022 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-purpose husbandry might well be the most commonly employed cattle management system in tropical regions worldwide. The advantages of producing both meat and milk, although in reduced quantities, gives an edge to the farmer in coping with the volatile economic conditions that prevail in the region. Herein, we discuss the different methods of cattle management under tropical conditions based on the financial and social structure of this system. An account of the sanitary and nutritional conditions available to the farmers and how these factors affect the profitability of the enterprise will also be given. Finally, we will discuss how these systems can take advantage of several biotechnological procedures, and how these tools (such as controlled natural mating, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer) affect reproductive outcomes. The present review will mainly concentrate on production systems located less than 1000 m above sea level, as the problems and shortcomings of cattle raised above this arbitrary landmark are quite different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Salvador Galina
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Mariana Geffroy
- Departamento de Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina, Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Daniel Juárez J, Marco-Jiménez F, Vicente JS. Effects of Rederivation by Embryo Vitrification on Performance in a Rabbit Paternal Line. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.909446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo cryopreservation is a valuable tool for maintaining genetic variability and preserving breeds and lines, allowing to assess the response to selection and enabling genetic diffusion. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of rederivation by embryo vitrification and transfer procedures on the growth and reproductive traits in a paternal rabbit line selected for average daily gain from weaning (28 days old) to fattening (63 days old). The rederived population was bred over two generations at the same time as a control population of this paternal line and, growth trait parameters (weights at weaning, end of the fattening period, and average daily gain) and reproductive performance (kindling rate, litter size at birth and at weaning) were compared with three filial generations. Moreover, fetal growth and litter size components were assessed for the second generation by ultrasonography and laparoscopy. Differences in postnatal growth traits (end of fattening weight and average daily gain) were observed in the three generations assessed. However, fetal growth, litter size components, and reproductive traits did not show significant differences. In conclusion, cryopreservation and embryo transfer processes cause changes in growth traits of reconstituted populations that influence the following generations, without changes in reproductive traits in a paternal line of rabbits.
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Martínez JF, Galina CS, Ortiz P, Maquivar MG, Romero-Zúñiga JJ. Effects of Season on Donor and Recipient Cows and Calf Performance from Birth to Weaning in Embryo Transfer Programs in the Tropics. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123596. [PMID: 34944371 PMCID: PMC8698055 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is well-known that embryo transfer is a powerful tool which can increase the number of offspring of donor cows, thus improving cattle efficiency. The recipient dams are vital in a successful embryo transfer program, as they will sustain the length of the pregnancy and directly impact the development of the embryo and the productive performance of the animal after birth. Evaluating the effect of season on donors, recipients and delivered offspring from a private farm, we found that the seasonal effect is more apparent in donor and calf performance than in the recipients. It seems to be that the performance of the calves measured by birth and weaning weight favors the embryo-transferred offspring. However, there is a bias towards measuring the performance of calves born by embryo transfer as their condition was favorable compared to calves born by natural mating, as the latter calved at pasture without supervision, whereas the former the recipient dams calved in selected pastures. Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the seasonal effect of an embryo transfer program in the tropics on the donor response, recipient reproductive performance and calf growth from birth to weaning. This study included five-year records from 145 donors, 1149 embryo transfers (ET) and 609 in calves. The effect of the season (dry or wet) was evaluated at the time of embryo flushing, embryo transfer and birth of the calves. There was a seasonal effect on the yield and quality of the embryos. The number of nonfertilized and transferable good quality embryos increased in the wet season. For the recipients, the probability of pregnancy after an ET decreased by 6% for each year of the dam’s age. However, no seasonal effect was found when comparing ET calves with their control group (natural mating—NM), nevertheless, weaning weight was associated with birth body weight, treatment, sex of the calf, season at birth, year of treatment, and dam’s age. Calves born by NM had lower average daily gain (ADG), and male calves registered higher gains than females. Likewise, calves born during the rainy season had lower ADG compared with calves born during the dry season. In conclusion, this study shows that seasonal effect is more apparent in donor and calf performance than in the recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Martínez
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (J.F.M.); (C.S.G.); (P.O.)
| | - Carlos Salvador Galina
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (J.F.M.); (C.S.G.); (P.O.)
| | - Pablo Ortiz
- Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (J.F.M.); (C.S.G.); (P.O.)
| | | | - Juan José Romero-Zúñiga
- Population Medicine Research Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40101, Costa Rica
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +506-2562-4566
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Yoo SM, Lau VWC, Aarts C, Bojovic B, Steinberg G, Hammill JA, Dvorkin-Gheva A, Ghosh R, Bramson JL. Manufacturing T cells in hollow fiber membrane bioreactors changes their programming and enhances their potency. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1995168. [PMID: 34777917 PMCID: PMC8583081 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1995168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered T cell therapies have revolutionized modern oncology, however processes for manufacturing T cell therapies vary and the impact of manufacturing processes On the cell product is poorly understood. Herein, we have used a commercially available hollow fiber membrane bioreactor (HFMBR) operated in a novel mode to demonstrate that T cells can be engineered with lentiviruses, grown to very high densities, and washed and harvested in a single, small volume bioreactor that is readily amenable to automation. Manufacturing within the HFMBR dramatically changed the programming of the T cells and yielded a product with greater therapeutic potency than T cells produced using the standard manual method. This change in programming was associated with increased resistance to cryopreservation, which is beneficial as T cell products are typically cryopreserved prior to administration to the patient. Transcriptional profiling of the T cells revealed a shift toward a glycolytic metabolism, which may protect cells from oxidative stress offering an explanation for the improved resistance to cryopreservation. This study reveals that the choice of bioreactor fundamentally impacts the engineered T cell product and must be carefully considered. Furthermore, these data challenge the premise that glycolytic metabolism is detrimental to T cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Mi Yoo
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Triumvira Immunologics, Hamilton, On, Canada
| | - Vivan W C Lau
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Craig Aarts
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bojana Bojovic
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory Steinberg
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, On, Canada
| | - Joanne A Hammill
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Anna Dvorkin-Gheva
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Raja Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, On, Canada
| | - Jonathan L Bramson
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Contreras-Benicio D, Castro-Valenzuela BE, Grado-Ahuir JA, Burrola-Barraza M. Well-of-the-well (WOW) versus polyester mesh (PM): a comparison of single-embryo culture systems in bovines. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2021. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v35n2a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Barrozo LG, Paulino LRFM, Silva BR, Barbalho EC, Nascimento DR, Neto MFL, Silva JRV. N-acetyl-cysteine and the control of oxidative stress during in vitro ovarian follicle growth, oocyte maturation, embryo development and cryopreservation. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 231:106801. [PMID: 34252825 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is generated by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and cellular defense mechanisms. To reduce cellular damage caused by ROS in vivo or in vitro, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is converted into metabolites that have the capacity of stimulating synthesis of glutathione (GSH) which functions directly as free radical scavengers. The NAC antioxidant potential evaluated to the greatest extent is the indirect action of NAC, as a precursor of GSH, with glutathione being the primary antioxidant in cells. During long-term preantral follicle culture, NAC has a synergic action with FSH and an important function in sustaining preantral follicle growth and follicle-cell viability in vitro. The NAC inclusion in in vitro maturation medium for cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) leads to protection of oocytes from damage induced by heat stress, reductions in ROS, and increases in cumulus cell expansion. Developing embryos are susceptable to oxidative stress because of susceptability to cellular structure damage and not having well-developed defense mechanisms. Results from various indicate there are beneficial effects of NAC on embryonic development by increasing GSH biosynthesis and regulating cell proliferation. In addition, NAC is also an effective antioxidant during cryopreservation of ovarian follicles, oocytes and embryos, because inclusion of NAC in preservation medium leads to improvements in mitochondrial function and cell viability, and reductions in ROS and cellular apoptosis. In this review, there is evaluation of mechanisms of action of NAC and beneficial effects during in vitro culture of preantral follicles, as well as oocyte maturation, embryonic development and cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laryssa G Barrozo
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Laís R F M Paulino
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Bianca R Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Efigênia C Barbalho
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Danisvânia R Nascimento
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Miguel F Lima Neto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - José R V Silva
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Physiology of Reproduction (LABIREP), Federal University of Ceara, Av. Comandante Maurocélio Rocha Ponte 100, CEP 62041-040, Sobral, CE, Brazil.
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Sayed GA, Al-Sawaf HA, Al-Sawaf AH, Saeid M, Maged A, Ibrahim IH. Mitochondrial DNA in Fresh versus Frozen Embryo Culture Media of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients Undergoing Invitro Fertilization: A Possible Predictive Marker of a Successful Pregnancy. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:27-38. [PMID: 33469340 PMCID: PMC7810675 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s284064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Frozen embryos transfer (ET) may improve the live-birth and reduce rates of ovarian hyperstimulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. Morphological criteria are the classical way for embryo selection, yet recently, many biochemical and genetic markers have been developed. This study aimed to compare fresh and frozen ET using the mtDNA/gDNA ratio of embryo secretome and the possibility of using this ratio as a predictive marker of PCOS pregnancy rate. Subjects and Methods One hundred PCOS patients undergoing IVF were chosen according to Rotterdam criteria and divided into two groups. Group I (50 with fresh ET), group II (50 with frozen ET), and otherwise 33 apparently healthy women as a control group with fresh ET. We then carried out absolute quantification of embryo culture media mtDNA and gDNA by real-time PCR. Results mtDNA/gDNA ratio was significantly low in PCOS embryo culture media in comparison with control. Additionally, while the mtDNA/gDNA ratio was significantly high in pregnant PCOS embryo culture media, it was high, though not statistically significant, in the fresh ET than frozen ET group. mtDNA/gDNA ratio sensitivity and specificity in PCOS embryo culture media as a predictive value of pregnancy rate were (86% and 96%, respectively). Conclusion mtDNA/gDNA ratio measurement in PCOS embryo culture media is a novel marker that can be clinically applied as a predictive value of the quality of the morphologically good embryo. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/uqKkQgRrql4
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadir A Sayed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hussein A Al-Sawaf
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Al-Sawaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Maged
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman Hassan Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Jia B, Xiang D, Guo J, Jiao D, Quan G, Hong Q, Fu X, Wei H, Wu G. Successful vitrification of early-stage porcine cloned embryos. Cryobiology 2020; 97:53-59. [PMID: 33065107 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the survival and development of porcine cloned embryos vitrified by Cryotop carrier at the zygote, 2- and 4-cell stages. The quality of resultant blastocysts was evaluated according to their total cell number, apoptotic cell rate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) content and mRNA expression levels of genes related to embryonic development. The survival rates of zygotes, 2- and 4-cell embryos after vitrification did not differ from those of their fresh counterparts. Vitrification still resulted in significantly decreased blastocyst formation rates of these early-stage embryos. Moreover, the total cells, apoptotic rate, ROS and GSH levels in resultant blastocysts were unaffected by vitrification. The mRNA expression levels of PCNA, CPT1, POU5F1 and DNMT3B in the blastocysts derived from vitrified early-stage embryos were significantly higher than those in the fresh blastocysts, but there was no change in expression of CDX2 and DNMT3A genes. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that the early-stage porcine cloned embryos including zygotes, 2- and 4-cells can be successfully vitrified, with respectable blastocyst yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Decai Xiang
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Jianxiong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Deling Jiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Guobo Quan
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Qionghua Hong
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China.
| | - Guoquan Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
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D'Occhio MJ, Ghuman SS, Neglia G, Della Valle G, Baruselli PS, Zicarelli L, Visintin JA, Sarkar M, Campanile G. Exogenous and endogenous factors in seasonality of reproduction in buffalo: A review. Theriogenology 2020; 150:186-192. [PMID: 32000994 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal breeding in buffalo is influenced by exogenous (photoperiod, climate, nutrition, management) and endogenous (hormones, genotype) factors. Buffalo are negatively photoperiodic and show a natural increase in fertility during decreasing day length. The hormone melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and has a fundamental role in photoperiodic time measurement within the brain. This drives annual cycles of gonadotropin secretion and gonadal function in buffaloes. Some melatonin is released into the systemic circulation and, together with peripherally produced melatonin, acts at somatic tissues. In the ovaries and testes of buffalo, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and scavenges oxygen free radicals to reduce both oxidative stress and apoptosis. This has beneficial effects on gametogenesis and steroidogenesis. Female buffalo treated with melatonin show an improved response to estrus synchronization protocols in out-of-season breeding. Melatonin acts through melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 and the gene for MT1 (MTNR1A) is polymorphic in buffaloes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in gene MTNR1A have been associated with fertility in female buffalo. The knowledge and tools are available to lift the reproductive performance of buffalo. This is highly important as the global demand for nutritious buffalo food products has undergone a sharp rise, and continues to grow. Buffalo can make an important contribution to affordable, nutritious animal protein. This will help address global nutritional security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D'Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarvpreet S Ghuman
- Department of Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Della Valle
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luigi Zicarelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - José A Visintin
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mihir Sarkar
- Physiology and Climatology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, 243122, India
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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