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Jungmann C, Dyhrberg Haubuff S, Packeiser EM, Körber H, Reichler IM, Balogh O, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Goericke-Pesch S. Insights into the role of PGF2α in canine periparturient myometrium. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1392080. [PMID: 38863475 PMCID: PMC11165301 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1392080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Parturition in dogs is subjected to complex hormonal regulation, with the involvement of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) still not fully understood. To investigate uterine inertia (UI), the most prevalent maternal reason for dystocia in the bitch, a better understanding of undisturbed uterine, especially myometrial function, is crucial. Our aim was to gain deeper insights into the role of PGF2α in the canine parturient myometrium. Uterine biopsies were obtained during medically indicated cesarean sections. To test for stimulatory effects of PGF2α in vitro, circular and longitudinal myometrial layer tissue strips were challenged with 50 pM, 0.5 µM, and 50 µM PGF2α. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and PGF2α-receptor (PTGFR) mRNA expressions were compared between primary UI (PUI) and obstructive dystocia (OD) samples in isolated parturient myometrium. PTGFR protein expression was assessed in full thickness uterine samples. PGF2α concentrations were analyzed in canine interplacental tissue around term. In the organ bath, the contractile response to PGF2α was limited to the circular layer at the highest dosage. Correspondingly, PTGFR immunohistochemical staining was significantly stronger in the circular layer (p ≤ 0.01). PTGS2 gene expression did not differ between PUI and OD, whereas PTGFR gene expression could not be quantified. Local uterine PGF2α concentrations correlated negatively with serum P4 levels and were the highest during prepartum luteolysis while being significantly lower in PUI. Conclusively, despite the significant increase in local PGF2α concentrations at birth, confirming the interplacental tissue as a production site, our results suggest that PGF2α might affect uterine contractility during labor, mainly indirectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Jungmann
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Signe Dyhrberg Haubuff
- Section for Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanna Körber
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Iris Margaret Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, University of Zurich Vetsuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, University of Zurich Vetsuisse Faculty, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Unit for Reproductive Medicine—Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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Lezama-García K, Martínez-Burnes J, Baqueiro-Espinosa U, Villanueva-García D, Olmos-Hernández A, Hernández-Ávalos I, Mora-Medina P, Domínguez-Oliva A, Mota-Rojas D. Uterine dynamics, blood profiles, and electronic fetal monitoring of primiparous and multiparous bitches classified according to their weight. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1282389. [PMID: 38033635 PMCID: PMC10687277 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1282389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal mortality occurs in all species. In dogs, mortality rates have been reported to range from 5 to 35%. Electronic fetal and uterine monitoring has recently been used in domestic animals to monitor the mother and newborn before and during parturition. In this way, the fetal heart rate and uterine dynamics can be monitored. This study evaluated the uterine dynamics of bitches with different weights and parity. Ninety-six bitches and their 476 puppies were divided into four experimental groups containing 24 individuals each (12 primiparous bitches and 12 multiparous bitches), according to body weight: G1 (4-8 kg), G2 (8.1-16 kg), G3 (16.1 to 32 kg), and G4 (32.1 to 39.6 kg). The fetal heart rate decelerations (dip 2 patterns), uterine dynamics, and bitches' blood profiles were evaluated, including levels of glucose, lactate, pCO2, pO2, pH, HCO3-, and Ca++. The dam weight can affect the vitality of newborns and the uterine dynamics, with differences in the frequency, intensity, and duration of myometrial contractions. The expulsion interval between puppies was longest in primiparous bitches with low weight and shortest in multiparous bitches with high weight. The expulsion interval and the number of stillborn females were higher in primiparous bitches with high weight. Newborn male puppies were significantly heavier than newborn females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Lezama-García
- PhD Program in Biological and Health Sciences, Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Martínez-Burnes
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico
| | | | - Dina Villanueva-García
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Olmos-Hernández
- Division of Biotechnology-Bioterio and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ismael Hernández-Ávalos
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Patricia Mora-Medina
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assesment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assesment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Mexico City, Mexico
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P K M, C J, T N, F A L, M Harshan H, R S A, S A. Etiology behind canine uterine inertia: Role of uterine expression of MLCK4, MYH2, and PKC genes. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 256:107298. [PMID: 37499285 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Dystocia is an obstetrical emergency, and primary uterine inertia (PUI) is the major etiological reason among the more prevalent maternal causes in dogs. The present study involved the relative expression analysis of genes associated with myometrial contraction in medium-sized dog breeds with uterine inertia. Dogs without any progress in the parturition process even after four hours of the onset of labor and the absence of uterine contractions were considered to have complete primary uterine inertia (CPUI, n = 9). Dogs that had expelled at least one fetus and made no further progress in parturition in the absence of active uterine contraction were considered to be experiencing partial primary uterine inertia (PPUI, n = 6). Dogs with the fetal cause of dystocia (FCD), i.e., obstructive dystocia, were taken as the third (n = 7) group. Uterine tissue samples were collected during cesarean section in each group, RNA was isolated, and the relative expression of myometrial ACTA2, ACTG2, MLCK4, MYH2, and PKC genes was analyzed. The MLCK4 gene expression was downregulated in CPUI (P ≤ 0.05) and PPUI (P ≤ 0.01) when compared to FCD. The MYH2 gene expression was downregulated in PPUI in comparison to CPUI (P ≤ 0.01) and FCD (P ≤ 0.05). The PKC gene expression was upregulated in PPUI in comparison to FCD and CPUI (P ≤ 0.05). The downregulation of MLCK4 and MYH2 gene expressions recorded in PPUI indicated the possibility of myometrial defects. The possibility of myometrial defects was also observed in CPUI, but to a lesser degree, suggesting other etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus P K
- Department of Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
| | - Jayakumar C
- Department of Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Naicy T
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Lali F A
- Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Hiron M Harshan
- Department of Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Abhilash R S
- Department of Animal Reproduction Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Ajithkumar S
- University Veterinary Hospital and Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Mannuthy, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Jungmann C, Pyzik SC, Packeiser EM, Körber H, Hoppe S, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Goericke-Pesch S. The In Vitro Contractile Response of Canine Pregnant Myometrium to Oxytocin and Denaverine Hydrochloride. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:860. [PMID: 37372145 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In pregnant bitches, the response to oxytocin and denaverine hydrochloride in dystocia management is usually poor. To better understand the effect of both drugs on myometrial contractility, the circular and longitudinal muscle layers were examined in an organ bath. For each layer, three myometrial strips were stimulated twice, each with one of three oxytocin concentrations. The effect of denaverine hydrochloride was studied once in direct combination with oxytocin and alone with subsequent oxytocin administration. Contractions were recorded and evaluated for average amplitude, mean force, area under the curve (AUC), and frequency. Effects of different treatments were analyzed and compared within and between layers. In the circular layer, oxytocin significantly increased amplitude and mean force compared to untreated controls regardless of stimulation cycles or concentrations. In both layers, high oxytocin concentrations caused tonic contractions, while the lowest concentration created regular rhythmic contractions. Longitudinal layer tissue responded to oxytocin with a significantly decreased contractility when stimulated twice, presumably a sign of desensitization. Denaverine hydrochloride neither affected oxytocin induced contractions nor showed a priming effect to subsequent oxytocin. Thus, no benefit of denaverine hydrochloride on myometrial contractility was found in the organ bath. Our results suggest a better efficiency of low-dose oxytocin in canine dystocia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Jungmann
- Reproductive Unit, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Eva-Maria Packeiser
- Reproductive Unit, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hanna Körber
- Reproductive Unit, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Susanne Hoppe
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Reproductive Unit, Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany
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5
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Involvement of Oxytocin and Progesterone Receptor Expression in the Etiology of Canine Uterine Inertia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113601. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
An altered oxytocin and progesterone receptor (OXTR and PGR, respectively) expression was postulated in canine uterine inertia (UI), which is the lack of functional myometrial contractions. OXTR and PGR expressions were compared in uterine tissue obtained during C-section due to primary UI (PUI; n = 12) and obstructive dystocia (OD, n = 8). In PUI, the influence of litter size was studied (small/normal/large litter: PUI-S/N/L: n = 5/4/3). Staining intensity in immunohistochemistry was scored for the longitudinal and circular myometrial layer and summarized per dog (IP-Myoscore). Mean P4 did not differ significantly between PUI (n = 9) and OD (n = 7). OXTR and PGR expressions (ratios) were significantly higher in PUI (OXTR: p = 0.0019; PGR: p = 0.0339), also for OXTR in PUI-N versus OD (p = 0.0034). A trend for a higher PGR IP-Myoscore was identified (PUI-N vs. OD, p = 0.0626) as well as an influence of litter size (lowest PGR-Myoscore in PUI-L, p = 0.0391). In conclusion, PUI was not related to higher P4, but potentially increased PGR availability compared to OD. It remains to be clarified whether OXTR is upregulated in PUI due to a counterregulatory mechanism to overcome myometrial quiescence or downregulated in OD due to physiological slow OXTR desensitization associated with an advanced duration of labor. Identified OXTR differences between myometrial layers indicate the need for further research.
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Martínez-Burnes J, Muns R, Barrios-García H, Villanueva-García D, Domínguez-Oliva A, Mota-Rojas D. Parturition in Mammals: Animal Models, Pain and Distress. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:2960. [PMID: 34679979 PMCID: PMC8532935 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parturition is a complex physiological process and involves many hormonal, morphological, physiological, and behavioural changes. Labour is a crucial moment for numerous species and is usually the most painful experience in females. Contrary to the extensive research in humans, there are limited pain studies associated with the birth process in domestic animals. Nonetheless, awareness of parturition has increased among the public, owners, and the scientific community during recent years. Dystocia is a significant factor that increases the level of parturition pain. It is considered less common in polytocous species because newborns' number and small size might lead to the belief that the parturition process is less painful than in monotocous animal species and humans. This review aims to provide elements of the current knowledge about human labour pain (monotocous species), the relevant contribution of the rat model to human labour pain, and the current clinical and experimental knowledge of parturition pain mechanisms in domestic animals that support the fact that domestic polytocous species also experience pain. Moreover, both for women and domestic animal species, parturition's pain represents a potential welfare concern, and information on pain indicators and the appropriate analgesic therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Martínez-Burnes
- Animal Health Group, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
| | - Ramon Muns
- Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough, Co Down BT26 6DR, Northern Ireland, UK;
| | - Hugo Barrios-García
- Animal Health Group, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Victoria City 87000, Tamaulipas, Mexico;
| | - Dina Villanueva-García
- Division of Neonatology, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Adriana Domínguez-Oliva
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Mota-Rojas
- Neurophysiology, Behavior and Animal Welfare Assessment, DPAA, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (UAM), Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico;
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7
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Rempel LM, Körber H, Reichler IM, Balogh O, Goericke-Pesch S. Investigations on the potential role of prostaglandin E2 in canine uterine inertia. Theriogenology 2021; 175:134-147. [PMID: 34544012 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) E2 plays a crucial role in the endocrine network of canine parturition and we hypothesized that PGE2, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) and PG-transporter (PGT) might be involved in the development of primary uterine inertia (PUI). We investigated PTGE synthase (PTGES), PTGE receptors 2/4 (PTGER2/4), HPGD and PGT expression on the mRNA- and protein-level in interplacental (IP) and uteroplacental (UP) tissues of bitches presented with dystocia undergoing emergency caesarean section. Groups were formed retrospectively based on strict criteria: PUI (n = 12; small/normal/large litter - PUI-S/N/L: n = 5/4/3), and obstructive dystocia (OD, n = 8). Respective mRNA expressions (ratio) between PUI and OD in IP and UP, between PUI dogs with different litter sizes, between PUI-N and OD in IP, and overall between IP and UP were compared. PTGES, PTGER2, PTGER4, HPGD and PGT mRNA expressions did not differ significantly between PUI and OD in IP or UP. PUI-N PTGES mRNA expression was higher than PUI-S/L (P = 0.0203/P = 0.0186) and OD (P = 0.0314). Higher PTGES (P = 0.0112) and a tendency for higher PTGER2 (P = 0.059) mRNA-expressions were detected in UP versus IP. Other than hypothesized, we did not find a difference in PGE2 production and signaling between PUI and OD, indicating that altered uterine PTGES, PTGER2, PTGER4, HPGD and PGT expression was likely not causative for PUI. However, higher PTGES expression in PUI-N compared to OD might point to a possible role of PGE2 during the course of parturition. Higher PTGES expression in PUI-N compared to PUI-S/L indicates an influence of litter size, the underlying cause and biological relevance of which remain to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Magdalena Rempel
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics - Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Hanna Körber
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics - Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Iris M Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, USA.
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics - Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Rempel LM, Lillevang KTA, Straten AKT, Friðriksdóttir SB, Körber H, Wehrend A, Kowalewski MP, Reichler IM, Balogh O, Goericke-Pesch S. Do uterine PTGS2, PGFS, and PTGFR expression play a role in canine uterine inertia? Cell Tissue Res 2021; 385:251-264. [PMID: 33830296 PMCID: PMC8270881 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03427-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aetiology of primary uterine inertia (PUI), which is the most common cause of canine dystocia, is still not elucidated. Prostaglandins (PGs) play a crucial role in parturition. We hypothesized that the expression of prostaglandin endoperoxidase synthase 2 (PTGS2), PGF2α synthase (PGFS), and corresponding receptor (PTGFR) is altered in PUI. We investigated PTGS2, PGFS, and PTGFR mRNA expression, and PTGS2 and PGFS protein expression in interplacental (IP) and uteroplacental sites (UP) in bitches with PUI, obstructive dystocia (OD), and prepartum (PC). PTGS2, PGFS, and PTGFR mRNA expression did not differ significantly between PUI and OD (IP/UP). PTGFR ratio in UP was higher in PC than in OD (p = 0.014). PTGS2 immunopositivity was noted in foetal trophoblasts, luminal and superficial glandular epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells of both myometrial layers, and weakly and sporadically in deep uterine glands. PGFS was localized in luminal epithelial cells and in the epithelium of superficial uterine glands. PTGS2 and PGFS staining was similar between PUI and OD, while PGFS protein expression differed between OD and PC (p = 0.0215). For PTGS2, the longitudinal myometrial layer of IP stained significantly stronger than the circular layer, independent of groups. These results do not support a role for PTGS2, PGFS, and PTGFR in PUI. Reduced PGFS expression in IP during parturition compared with PC and the overall lack of placental PGFS expression confirm that PGFS is not the main source of prepartal PGF2alpha increase. The difference in PTGS2 expression between IP myometrial layers warrants further investigation into its physiological relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Magdalena Rempel
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karina Tietgen Andresen Lillevang
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Ann-Kirstine thor Straten
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Sólrún Barbara Friðriksdóttir
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Hanna Körber
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Axel Wehrend
- Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, Clinic for Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Andrology for Large and Small Animals with Veterinary Ambulance, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mariusz P. Kowalewski
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Iris Margaret Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA USA
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Reproductive Unit of the Clinics-Clinic for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
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Frehner BL, Reichler IM, Kowalewski MP, Gram A, Keller S, Goericke-Pesch S, Balogh O. Implications of the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway and leptin in primary uterine inertia in the dog. J Reprod Dev 2021; 67:207-215. [PMID: 33746146 PMCID: PMC8238673 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2020-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying functional and molecular changes in canine primary uterine inertia (PUI) are still not clarified. Leptin (Lep) and obesity negatively affect
uterine contractility in women, partly mediated by the RhoA/Rho associated kinase pathway, affecting myometrial calcium sensitization. We hypothesized that
increased uterine Lep/Lep receptor (LepR) or decreased RhoA/Rho associated kinase expression contributes to PUI in dogs, independent of obesity. Dogs presented
for dystocia were grouped into PUI (n = 11) or obstructive dystocia (OD, still showing strong labor contractions; n = 7). Interplacental full-thickness uterine
biopsies were collected during Cesarean section for relative gene expression (RGE) of RhoA, its effector kinases (ROCK1,
ROCK2), Lep and LepR by qPCR. Protein and/or mRNA expression and localization was evaluated by immunohistochemistry
and in situ hybridization. RGE was compared between groups by one-way ANOVA using body weight as covariate with statistical significance at P
< 0.05. Uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2 gene expression was significantly higher in PUI than OD, while RhoA and
Lep did not differ. LepR RGE was below the detection limit in five PUI and all OD dogs. Litter size had no influence. Lep,
LepR, RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 protein and/or mRNA were localized in the myometrium and endometrium. Uterine protein expression appeared similar between groups.
LepR mRNA signals appeared stronger in PUI than OD. In conclusion, lasting, strong labor contractions in OD likely resulted in downregulation
of uterine ROCK1 and ROCK2, contrasting the higher expression in PUI dogs with insufficient contractions. The Lep-LepR system
may affect uterine contractility in non-obese PUI dogs in a paracrine-autocrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Lourdes Frehner
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Iris Margaret Reichler
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Aykut Gram
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, Turkey
| | - Stefanie Keller
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Goericke-Pesch
- Section for Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Reproductive Unit of the Clinics - Small Animal, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - Orsolya Balogh
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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