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Bernegossi AM, Galindo DJ, Peres PHF, Vozdova M, Cernohorska H, Kubickova S, Kadlcikova D, Rubes J, Duarte JMB. Comparative karyotype analysis of the red brocket deer (M. americana sensu lato and M. rufa) complex: evidence of drastic chromosomal evolution and implications on speciation process. J Appl Genet 2024; 65:601-614. [PMID: 38662189 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-024-00861-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements are often associated with playing a role in the speciation process. However, the underlying mechanism that favors the genetic isolation associated with chromosomal changes remains elusive. In this sense, the genus Mazama is recognized by its high level of karyotype diversity among species with similar morphology. A cryptic species complex has been identified within the genus, with the red brocket deer (Mazama americana and Mazama rufa) being the most impressive example. The chromosome variation was clustered in cytotypes with diploid numbers ranging from 42 to 53 and was correlated with geographical location. We conducted an analysis of chromosome evolution of the red brocket deer complex using comparative chromosome painting and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) clones among different cytotypes. The aim was to deepen our understanding of the karyotypic relationships within the red brocket, thereby elucidating the significant chromosome variation among closely related species. This underscores the significance of chromosome changes as a key evolutionary process shaping their genomes. The results revealed the presence of three distinct cytogenetic lineages characterized by significant karyotypic divergence, suggesting the existence of efficient post-zygotic barriers. Tandem fusions constitute the main mechanism driving karyotype evolution, following a few centric fusions, inversion X-autosomal fusions. The BAC mapping has improved our comprehension of the karyotypic relationships within the red brocket deer complex, prompting questions regarding the role of these changes in the speciation process. We propose the red brocket as a model group to investigate how chromosomal changes contribute to isolation and explore the implications of these changes in taxonomy and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agda Maria Bernegossi
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - David Javier Galindo
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National University of San Marcos, San Borja, 15021, Lima, Peru.
| | - Pedro Henrique Faria Peres
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Miluse Vozdova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Halina Cernohorska
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Svatava Kubickova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dita Kadlcikova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Rubes
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
- Deer Research and Conservation Center (NUPECCE), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil.
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Morales-Donoso JA, Vacari GQ, Bernegossi AM, Sandoval EDP, Peres PHF, Galindo DJ, de Thoisy B, Vozdova M, Kubickova S, Barbanti Duarte JM. Revalidation of Passalites Gloger, 1841 for the Amazon brown brocket deer P.nemorivagus (Cuvier, 1817) (Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Cervidae). Zookeys 2023; 1167:241-264. [PMID: 37388777 PMCID: PMC10300653 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1167.100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mazamanemorivaga (Cuvier, 1817) is a gray brocket deer that inhabits the Amazon region. An assessment of previous studies revealed inconsistencies in its current taxonomic classification, suggesting the need for an update in its genus classification. A taxonomic repositioning of this species is proposed through the collection of a specimen from its type locality (French Guiana) with subsequent morphological (coloring pattern, body measurements, and craniometry), cytogenetics (G Band, C Band, conventional Giemsa, Ag-NOR staining, and BAC probe mapping), and molecular phylogenetic analysis (mitochondrial genes Cyt B of 920 bp, COI I of 658 bp, D-loop 610 bp), and comparisons with other specimens of the same taxon, as well as other Neotropical deer species. The morphological and cytogenetic differences between this and other Neotropical Cervidae confirm the taxon as a unique and valid species. The phylogenetic analysis evidenced the basal position of the M.nemorivaga specimens within the Blastocerina clade. This shows early diversification and wide divergence from the other species, suggesting that the taxon should be transferred to a different genus. A taxonomic update of the genus name is proposed through the validation of Passalites Gloger, 1841, with Passalitesnemorivagus (Cuvier, 1817) as the type species. Future research should focus on evaluating the potential existence of other species within the genus Passalites, as suggested in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Alfonso Morales-Donoso
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
| | - Gabrielle Queiroz Vacari
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
| | - Agda Maria Bernegossi
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
| | - Eluzai Dinai Pinto Sandoval
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Faria Peres
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
| | - David Javier Galindo
- Laboratorio de Reproducción Animal, Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marco, San Borja, Lima, PeruUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcoLimaPeru
| | | | - Miluse Vozdova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech RepublicCentral European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Svatava Kubickova
- Central European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research Institute, 621 00, Brno, Czech RepublicCentral European Institute of Technology-Veterinary Research InstituteBrnoCzech Republic
| | - José Mauricio Barbanti Duarte
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal-SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)JaboticabalBrazil
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Bernegossi AM, Borges CHDS, Sandoval EDP, Cartes JL, Cernohorska H, Kubickova S, Vozdova M, Caparroz R, González S, Duarte JMB. Resurrection of the genus Subulo Smith, 1827 for the gray brocket deer, with designation of a neotype. J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The gray brocket deer, Mazama gouazoubiraG. Fischer, 1814, occurs in South America and presents an extensive degree of morphological and genetic variability. Previous phylogenetic research showed that the genus Mazama is polyphyletic and imposed the designation of a different genus-group name for M. gouazoubira. We aimed to review and clarify the taxonomy of M. gouazoubira through the proposal of updating the nomenclature for this taxon and by the characterization of specimens collected close to the original type locality (topotypes). The topotypes were characterized by morphological (general characterization and morphometry), cytogenetic (conventional staining, Ag-NOR, G- and C-banding, and fluorescence in situ hybridization), and phylogenetic (mitogenomes) approaches. We revealed chromosome homologies between cattle and M. gouazoubira using an entire set of cattle whole chromosome painting probes and propose an updated G-band idiogram for the species. The morphometric analysis did not discriminate the individuals of M. gouazoubira, including the topotypes, from other small brocket deer species. However, the phylogenetic analysis, based on a Bayesian inference tree of the mitogenomes, confirmed the polyphyly of the genus Mazama and supported the need to change the gray brocket deer genus-group name. Based on our revision, we validated the genus SubuloSmith, 1827, and fixed a type species for the genus. In the absence of the holotype, we denominated a neotype described by the collection of a male topotype in Paraguay. The nomenclature rearrangement presented here is a starting point that will assist in the taxonomic resolution of Neotropical deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agda Maria Bernegossi
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Jaboticabal , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Carolina Heloisa de Souza Borges
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Jaboticabal , São Paulo , Brazil
- Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp (CAUNESP) , Jaboticabal , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Eluzai Dinai Pinto Sandoval
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Jaboticabal , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - José Luis Cartes
- Guyra Paraguay, Avda Cnel Bóveda , Parque del Río, Viñas Cue, Asunción , Paraguay
| | - Halina Cernohorska
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology—Veterinary Research Institute , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Svatava Kubickova
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology—Veterinary Research Institute , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Miluse Vozdova
- Department of Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies, Central European Institute of Technology—Veterinary Research Institute , Brno , Czech Republic
| | - Renato Caparroz
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , Brazil
| | - Susana González
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Genética, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable , Montevidéo , Uruguay
| | - José Maurício Barbanti Duarte
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cervídeos (NUPECCE), Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) , Jaboticabal, São Paulo , Brazil
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