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The Plant Proteinase Inhibitor CrataBL Plays a Role in Controlling Asthma Response in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9274817. [PMID: 30364003 PMCID: PMC6188594 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9274817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background. CrataBL is a protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark. It has been shown to exhibit several biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, and insecticidal activities. There are no studies evaluating the role of CrataBL in experimental asthma models. Aim. To evaluate the effects of CrataBL on lung mechanics, inflammation, remodeling, and oxidative stress activation of mice with allergic pulmonary inflammation. Materials and Methods. BALB/c mice (6-7 weeks old, 25-30g) were divided into four groups: nonsensitized and nontreated mice (C group, n=8); ovalbumin- (OVA-) sensitized and nontreated mice (OVA group, n=8); nonsensitized and CrataBL-treated mice (C+CR group, n=8); OVA-sensitized and CrataBL-treated mice (OVA+CR group, n=8). We evaluated hyperresponsiveness to methacholine, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), pulmonary inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress markers. Results. CrataBL treatment in OVA-sensitized mice (OVA+CR group) attenuated the following variables compared to OVA-sensitized mice without treatment (OVA group) (all p<0.05): (1) respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and elastance (Ers) after methacholine challenge; (2) total cells, macrophages, polymorphonuclear cells, and lymphocytes in BALF; (3) eosinophils and volume fraction of collagen and elastic fibers in the airway and alveolar wall according to histopathological and morphometry analysis; (4) IL-4-, IL-5-, IL-13-, IL-17-, IFN-γ-, MMP-9-, TIMP-1-, TGF-β-, iNOS-, and NF-kB-positive cells and volume of 8-iso-PGF2α in airway and alveolar septa according to immunohistochemistry; and (5) IL-4, IL-5, and IFN-γ according to an ELISA. Conclusion. CrataBL contributes to the control of hyperresponsiveness, pulmonary inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and oxidative stress responses in an animal model of chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation.
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van Montfoort M, Meijers J. Anticoagulation beyond direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors: indications for targeting the intrinsic pathway? Thromb Haemost 2017; 110:223-32. [DOI: 10.1160/th12-11-0803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryAntithrombotic drugs like vitamin K antagonists and heparin have been the gold standard for the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disease for many years. Unfortunately, there are several disadvantages of these antithrombotic drugs: they are accompanied by serious bleeding problems, it is necessary to monitor the therapeutic window, and there are various interactions with food and other drugs. This has led to the development of new oral anticoagulants, specifically inhibiting either thrombin or factor Xa. In terms of effectiveness, these drugs are comparable to the currently available anticoagulants; however, they are still associated with issues such as bleeding, reversal of the drug and complicated laboratory monitoring. Vitamin K antagonists, heparin, direct thrombin and factor Xa inhibitors have in common that they target key proteins of the haemostatic system. In an attempt to overcome these difficulties we investigated whether the intrinsic coagulation factors (VIII, IX, XI, XII, prekallikrein and high-molecular-weight kininogen) are superior targets for anticoagulation. We analysed epidemiological data concerning thrombosis and bleeding in patients deficient in one of the intrinsic pathway proteins. Furthermore, we discuss several thrombotic models in intrinsic coagulation factor-deficient animals. The combined results suggest that intrinsic coagulation factors could be suitable targets for anticoagulant drugs.
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Nunes NNS, Ferreira RS, Silva-Lucca RA, de Sá LFR, de Oliveira AEA, Correia MTDS, Paiva PMG, Wlodawer A, Oliva MLV. Potential of the Lectin/Inhibitor Isolated from Crataeva tapia Bark (CrataBL) for Controlling Callosobruchus maculatus Larva Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:10431-6. [PMID: 26568149 PMCID: PMC6290478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b03634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Callosobruchus maculatus is an important predator of cowpeas. Due to infestation during storage, this insect affects the quality of seed and crop yield. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CrataBL, a multifunction protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark, on C. maculatus larva development. The protein, which is stable even in extreme pH conditions, showed toxic activity, reducing the larval mass 45 and 70% at concentrations of 0.25 and 1.0% (w/w), respectively. Acting as an inhibitor, CrataBL decreased by 39% the activity of cysteine proteinases from larval gut. Conversely, the activity of serine proteinases was increased about 8-fold. The toxic properties of CrataBL may also be attributed to its capacity of binding to glycoproteins or glycosaminoglycans. Such binding interferes with larval metabolism, because CrataBL-FITC was found in the fat body, Malpighian tubules, and feces of larvae. These results demonstrate the potential of this protein for controlling larva development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia N. S. Nunes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
| | - Rosemeire A. Silva-Lucca
- Centro de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Toledo, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F. R. de Sá
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia-CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, Brazil
| | - Antônia Elenir A. de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia-CBB, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Maria Luiza V. Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP-EPM, 04044-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Lectin from Crataeva tapia Bark Improves Tissue Damages and Plasma Hyperglycemia in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:869305. [PMID: 24324521 PMCID: PMC3845403 DOI: 10.1155/2013/869305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crataeva tapia is a plant popularly used for diabetes treatment, in Brazil. Progressive decline in renal and hepatic functions has been described in patients with diabetes mellitus, and mortality rate is increased in patients with chronic liver and renal disease. This study aimed to evaluate whether Crataeva tapia bark lectin (CrataBL) improves hyperglycemia and renal and hepatic damage in diabetic mice. CrataBL was purified by ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, and intraperitoneal administration of CrataBL to alloxan-induced diabetic mice at dose of 10 mg/Kg/day and 20 mg/Kg/day for 10 days significantly reduced serum glucose levels by 14.9% and 55.9%, respectively. Serum urea, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were also significantly reduced after treatment with both doses of CrataBL. Furthermore, histological analysis of liver, kidney, and pancreas revealed an improvement in the tissue morphology upon treatment with CrataBL. The results suggest that CrataBL has a beneficial hypoglycemic activity and improves the renal and hepatic complications of diabetes. Therefore, this lectin may be a promising agent for the treatment of diabetes, and this might be the basis for its use in the folk medicine as an alternative treatment to manage diabetes-related complications such as hyperglycemia and tissue damage.
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Ferreira RDS, Zhou D, Ferreira JG, Silva MCC, Silva-Lucca RA, Mentele R, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Bertolin TC, dos Santos Correia MT, Paiva PMG, Gustchina A, Wlodawer A, Oliva MLV. Crystal Structure of Crataeva tapia Bark Protein (CrataBL) and Its Effect in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64426. [PMID: 23823708 PMCID: PMC3688800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A protein isolated from the bark of Crataeva tapia (CrataBL) is both a Kunitz-type plant protease inhibitor and a lectin. We have determined the amino acid sequence and three-dimensional structure of CrataBL, as well as characterized its selected biochemical and biological properties. We found two different isoforms of CrataBL isolated from the original source, differing in positions 31 (Pro/Leu); 92 (Ser/Leu); 93 (Ile/Thr); 95 (Arg/Gly) and 97 (Leu/Ser). CrataBL showed relatively weak inhibitory activity against trypsin (Kiapp = 43 µM) and was more potent against Factor Xa (Kiapp = 8.6 µM), but was not active against a number of other proteases. We have confirmed that CrataBL contains two glycosylation sites and forms a dimer at high concentration. The high-resolution crystal structures of two different crystal forms of isoform II verified the β-trefoil fold of CrataBL and have shown the presence of dimers consisting of two almost identical molecules making extensive contacts (∼645 Å2). The structure differs from those of the most closely related proteins by the lack of the N-terminal β-hairpin. In experiments aimed at investigating the biological properties of CrataBL, we have shown that addition of 40 µM of the protein for 48 h caused maximum growth inhibition in MTT assay (47% of DU145 cells and 43% of PC3 cells). The apoptosis of DU145 and PC3 cell lines was confirmed by flow cytometry using Annexin V/FITC and propidium iodide staining. Treatment with CrataBL resulted in the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and in the activation of caspase-3 in DU145 and PC3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Reinhard Mentele
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology LMU, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
- Department for Protein Analytics, Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Martinsried, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thiago Carlos Bertolin
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alla Gustchina
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AW); (MLVO)
| | - Maria Luiza Vilela Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail: (AW); (MLVO)
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Zhang F, Walcott B, Zhou D, Gustchina A, Lasanajak Y, Smith DF, Ferreira RS, Correia MTS, Paiva PM, Bovin NV, Wlodawer A, Oliva ML, Linhardt RJ. Structural studies of the interaction of Crataeva tapia bark protein with heparin and other glycosaminoglycans. Biochemistry 2013; 52:2148-56. [PMID: 23448527 PMCID: PMC3855636 DOI: 10.1021/bi400077b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CrataBL, a protein isolated from Crataeva tapia bark, which is both a serine protease inhibitor and a lectin, has been previously shown to exhibit a number of interesting biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antitumor, and insecticidal activities. Using a glycan array, we have now shown that only sulfated carbohydrates are effectively bound by CrataBL. Because this protein was recently shown to delay clot formation by impairing the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, we considered that its natural ligand might be heparin. Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) that interacts with a number of proteins, including thrombin and antithrombin III, which have a critical, essential pharmacological role in regulating blood coagulation. We have thus employed surface plasmon resonance to improve our understanding of the binding interaction between the heparin polysaccharide and CrataBL. Kinetic analysis shows that CrataBL displays strong heparin binding affinity (KD = 49 nM). Competition studies using different size heparin-derived oligosaccharides showed that the binding of CrataBL to heparin is chain length-dependent. Full chain heparin with 40 saccharides or large oligosaccharides, having 16-18 saccharide residues, show strong binding affinity for CrataBL. Heparin-derived disaccharides through tetradecasaccharides show considerably lower binding affinity. Other highly sulfated GAGs, including chondroitin sulfate E and dermatan 4,6-disulfate, showed CrataBL binding affinity comparable to that of heparin. Less highly sulfated GAGs, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A and C, and dermatan sulfate displayed modest binding affinity as did chondroitin sulfate D. Studies using chemically modified heparin show that N-sulfo and 6-O-sulfo groups on heparin are essential for CrataBL-heparin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Benjamin Walcott
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Dongwen Zhou
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alla Gustchina
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Glycomics Center, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - David F. Smith
- Glycomics Center, Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Rodrigo S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza S. Correia
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M.G. Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Nicolai V. Bovin
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Wlodawer
- Macromolecular Crystallography Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Maria L.V. Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
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Silva MC, Santana LA, Mentele R, Ferreira RS, de Miranda A, Silva-Lucca RA, Sampaio MU, Correia MT, Oliva ML. Purification, primary structure and potential functions of a novel lectin from Bauhinia forficata seeds. Process Biochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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