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Yu Z, Zhu W, Lu F, Liu H, Sun H, Dong J, Zhang Y, Wang H. Inhibitory effects of resveratrol on platelet activation and thrombosis in colon cancer through regulation of the MAPK and cGMP/VASP pathways. Thromb Res 2024; 241:109111. [PMID: 39098189 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis is the primary cause of death in patients with cancer. Resveratrol inhibits platelet activation, a crucial pathophysiological basis of thrombosis, in healthy individuals. However, its effects and mechanisms of action in patients with colon cancer remain unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of resveratrol on platelet adhesion and aggregation in patients with colon cancer. Through numerous in vitro and in vivo analyses, including flow cytometry, western blotting, ELISA, and immunofluorescence and colon cancer rat models, we demonstrated that resveratrol reduced thrombosis in patients with colon cancer by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the MAPK and activating the cyclic-GMP/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein pathway. These findings demonstrate the potential of resveratrol in reducing thrombosis in patients with colon cancer and could be used to develop novel therapeutic strategies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Yu
- Laboratory of Cytobiology and Molecular Biology, Zhoushan Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of general surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhu
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hematology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fengyan Lu
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hematology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Dermatological department, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinliang Dong
- Department of general surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Department of general surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Hematology, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Liu Q, Wang J, Gu Z, Ouyang T, Gao H, Kan H, Yang Y. Comprehensive Exploration of the Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Ginkgo biloba Leaves in Treating Neurological Disorders. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:1053-1086. [PMID: 38904550 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders (NDs) are diseases that seriously affect the health of individuals worldwide, potentially leading to a significant reduction in the quality of life for patients and their families. Herbal medicines have been widely used in the treatment of NDs due to their multi-target and multi-pathway features. Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBLs), one of the most popular herbal medicines in the world, have been demonstrated to present therapeutic effects on NDs. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of GBLs in the treatment of neurological disorders have not been systematically summarized. This study aimed to summarize the molecular mechanism of GBLs in treating NDs from the cell models, animal models, and clinical trials of studies. Four databases, i.e., PubMed, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Web of Science were searched using the following keywords: "Ginkgo biloba", "Ginkgo biloba extract", "Ginkgo biloba leaves", "Ginkgo biloba leaves extract", "Neurological disorders", "Neurological diseases", and "Neurodegenerative diseases". All items meeting the inclusion criteria on the treatment of NDs with GBLs were extracted and summarized. Additionally, PRISMA 2020 was performed to independently evaluate the screening methods. Out of 1385 records in the database, 52 were screened in relation to the function of GBLs in the treatment of NDs; of these 52 records, 39 were preclinical trials and 13 were clinical studies. Analysis of pharmacological studies revealed that GBLs can improve memory, cognition, behavior, and psychopathology of NDs and that the most frequently associated GBLs are depression, followed by Alzheimer's disease, stroke, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Additionally, the clinical studies of depression, AD, and stroke are the most common, and most of the remaining ND data are available from in vitro or in vivo animal studies. Moreover, the possible mechanisms of GBLs in treating NDs are mainly through free radical scavenging, anti-oxidant activity, anti-inflammatory response, mitochondrial protection, neurotransmitter regulation, and antagonism of PAF. This is the first paper to systematically and comprehensively investigate the pharmacological effects and neuroprotective mechanisms of GBLs in the treatment of NDs thus far. All findings contribute to a better understanding of the efficacy and complexity of GBLs in treating NDs, which is of great significance for the further clinical application of this herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Liu
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
| | - Zongyun Gu
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
| | - Honglei Gao
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Kan
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
- Anhui Computer Application Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yinfeng Yang
- School of Medical Informatics Engineering, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine Hefei, Anhui 230012, P. R. China
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Ye W, Wang J, Little PJ, Zou J, Zheng Z, Lu J, Yin Y, Liu H, Zhang D, Liu P, Xu S, Ye W, Liu Z. Anti-atherosclerotic effects and molecular targets of ginkgolide B from Ginkgo biloba. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1-19. [PMID: 38239238 PMCID: PMC10792990 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds derived from herbal medicinal plants modulate various therapeutic targets and signaling pathways associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's primary cause of death. Ginkgo biloba , a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with notable cardiovascular actions, has been used as a cardio- and cerebrovascular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in Asian countries for centuries. Preclinical studies have shown that ginkgolide B, a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba , can ameliorate atherosclerosis in cultured vascular cells and disease models. Of clinical relevance, several clinical trials are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and safety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemia stroke. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and mechanisms of action of ginkgolide B in atherosclerosis prevention and therapy. We highlight new molecular targets of ginkgolide B, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidase), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), platelet-activating factor (PAF), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and others. Finally, we provide an overview and discussion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future perspective of developing ginkgolide B as an effective therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weile Ye
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peter J. Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Jiami Zou
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Thakral S, Yadav A, Singh V, Kumar M, Kumar P, Narang R, Sudhakar K, Verma A, Khalilullah H, Jaremko M, Emwas AH. Alzheimer's disease: Molecular aspects and treatment opportunities using herbal drugs. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101960. [PMID: 37224884 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also called senile dementia, is the most common neurological disorder. Around 50 million people, mostly of advanced age, are suffering from dementia worldwide and this is expected to reach 100-130 million between 2040 and 2050. AD is characterized by impaired glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission, which is associated with clinical and pathological symptoms. AD is characterized clinically by loss of cognition and memory impairment and pathologically by senile plaques formed by Amyloid β deposits or neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) consisting of aggregated tau proteins. Amyloid β deposits are responsible for glutamatergic dysfunction that develops NMDA dependent Ca2+ influx into postsynaptic neurons generating slow excitotoxicity process leading to oxidative stress and finally impaired cognition and neuronal loss. Amyloid decreases acetylcholine release, synthesis and neuronal transport. The decreased levels of neurotransmitter acetylcholine, neuronal loss, tau aggregation, amyloid β plaques, increased oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, bio-metal dyshomeostasis, autophagy, cell cycle dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction are the factors responsible for the pathogenesis of AD. Acetylcholinesterase, NMDA, Glutamate, BACE1, 5HT6, and RAGE (Receptors for Advanced Glycation End products) are receptors targeted in treatment of AD. The FDA approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Donepezil, Galantamine and Rivastigmine and N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist Memantine provide symptomatic relief. Different therapies such as amyloid β therapies, tau-based therapies, neurotransmitter-based therapies, autophagy-based therapies, multi-target therapeutic strategies, and gene therapy modify the natural course of the disease. Herbal and food intake is also important as preventive strategy and recently focus has also been placed on herbal drugs for treatment. This review focuses on the molecular aspects, pathogenesis and recent studies that signifies the potential of medicinal plants and their extracts or chemical constituents for the treatment of degenerative symptoms related to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Thakral
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Alka Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India.
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Rakesh Narang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Kalvatala Sudhakar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj 211007, India.
| | - Habibullah Khalilullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unayzah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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Dispersive solid phase extraction of ginkgolide B from real samples using
3D
reduced oxide graphene aerogel based molecularly imprinted polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Xu J, Chen W, Feng Z, Duan C, Wang B, Zhao Z. Synthesis and effects of ginkgolides and ginkgolide B derivatives on platelet activating factor induced platelet aggregation in rabbits. Med Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-02868-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ginkgo biloba: A Treasure of Functional Phytochemicals with Multimedicinal Applications. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8288818. [PMID: 35265150 PMCID: PMC8901348 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8288818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba is an ancient plant species that is thought to provide a variety of health benefits to living organisms and contains plenty of bioactive components, making it a chemically diversified plant. G. biloba has been shown to have a variety of medicinal and pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antidementia, antidiabetic, antiobesity, antilipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antilipid peroxidation, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antidepressant, antiaging, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive, and neuroprotective effects and is frequently used to treat neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory diseases, such as tardive dyskinesia. Therefore, this review described the therapeutic applications of G. biloba. In addition to describing the therapeutic potential, this review also evaluates the chemical constituents, toxicity, adverse effect, synergistic effect, and the clinical studies of this plant which have been utilized for therapeutic benefits but have demonstrated other consequences. The capacity of G. biloba components to act as free radical scavengers is critical, and combining its extract with other plant extracts has been shown to synergistically boost antioxidant properties. G. biloba used long-term or at high doses that resulted in some adverse effects. Severe drug interactions have also been reported in both animals and humans when combined with other medications. The available data established from both preclinical and clinical studies confirm the potential of G. biloba plant extract in various diseases. Besides, the safety and efficacy of G. biloba continue to require verification through additional experimentation to guide medicinal use.
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Apocynum Leaf Extract Suppresses the Progress of Atherosclerosis in Rats via the FKN/SYK/p38 Signal Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5524226. [PMID: 34777534 PMCID: PMC8580673 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5524226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the antiatherosclerotic effects of flavonoids extracted from Apocynum venetum (AVF) leaves in atherosclerotic rats and the underlying mechanisms, a total of 72 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, simvastatin group, low-dose AVF group, medium-dose AVF group, and high-dose AVF group. Atherosclerosis in rats was induced with a high-fat diet and an intraperitoneal injection of VD3 once daily for three contiguous days at a total injection dose of 70 U/kg. At the end of the 13th week, total serum cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) contents were measured. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was applied to evaluate the morphological changes. The ELISA method was used to detect related inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators. The corresponding protein expression and the mRNA level were detected by western blot analysis and reverse transcriptase PCR. HE staining showed that the thoracic aorta wall was thickened, and the aortic subendothelial foam cells and lipid vacuoles were reduced in the medium/high-AVF groups. Similarly, the TC, TG, LDL-C, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the model group were significantly higher, but the HDL-C level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were lower than those of the control group, and these effects were ameliorated by treatment with simvastatin or AVF. ELISA results showed that compared with the control group, the model group C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) results were significantly increased, and the medium AVF and high AVF could significantly reduce the expression of related inflammatory factors. The AVF inhibited intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin mRNA and related protein expression in the aorta in atherosclerotic rats. Western blot analysis also showed that AVF can significantly reduce the protein expression of fractalkine (FKN), spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) in the rat aorta. We believe that the AVF can effectively reduce blood lipid levels in rats with atherosclerosis and delay atherosclerotic progression by inhibiting excessive inflammatory factors and inhibiting related adhesion factors. The underlying mechanism may be related to the FKN/SYK/p38 signaling pathway activity. Our results contribute to validating the traditional use of the Apocynum leaf extract in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Signorello MG, Rapetti F, Meta E, Sidibè A, Bruno O, Brullo C. New Series of Pyrazoles and Imidazo-Pyrazoles Targeting Different Cancer and Inflammation Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195735. [PMID: 34641279 PMCID: PMC8510017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: different previously synthesized pyrazoles and imidazo-pyrazoles showed interesting anti-angiogenic action, being able to interfere with ERK1/2, AKT and p38MAPK phosphorylation in different manners and with different potency; (2) Methods: here, a new small compound library, endowed with the same differently decorated chemical scaffolds, has been synthetized to obtain new agents able to inhibit different pathways involved in inflammation, cancer and human platelet aggregation. (3) Results: most of the new synthesized derivatives resulted able to block ROS production, platelet aggregation and p38MAPK phosphorylation both in platelets and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVEC). This paves the way for the development of new agents with anti-angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Signorello
- Biochemistry Lab., Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Federica Rapetti
- Section of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132 Genova, Italy; (F.R.); (O.B.)
| | - Elda Meta
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Vlaams Instituut Voor Biotechnologie, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Adama Sidibè
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Olga Bruno
- Section of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132 Genova, Italy; (F.R.); (O.B.)
| | - Chiara Brullo
- Section of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV 3, I-16132 Genova, Italy; (F.R.); (O.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-353-8368
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Xue Y, Chen H, Zhang S, Bao L, Chen B, Gong H, Zhao Y, Qi R. Resveratrol Confers Vascular Protection by Suppressing TLR4/Syk/NLRP3 Signaling in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Activated Platelets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8819231. [PMID: 33728029 PMCID: PMC7935581 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8819231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of resveratrol on Toll-like receptor 4- (TLR4-) mediated matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and MMP9 expression in oxidized low-density lipoprotein- (ox-LDL-) activated platelets and the potential molecule mechanism. Human platelets were used in the present study. The results showed that resveratrol suppressed TLR4, MMP3, and MMP9 expression in ox-LDL-activated platelets. The TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 also inhibited MMP3 and MMP9 expression and secretion in ox-LDL- and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) activated platelets. The combination of resveratrol and CLI-095 synergistically suppressed MMP3 and MMP9 expression in ox-LDL- and LPS-activated platelets. These findings suggest that the resveratrol-induced inhibition of MMP3 and MMP9 expression is linked to the suppression of TLR4 activation. Resveratrol also suppressed spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing protein 3 (NLRP3) expression and IL-1β secretion in ox-LDL- and LPS-treated platelets. The coimmunoprecipitation results showed that resveratrol inhibited the binding of Syk and NLRP3. Finally, resveratrol reduced vascular senescence cells and the expression of TLR4, MMP3, and MMP9 and prevented alterations of vascular structure in 52-week-old mice. Our findings demonstrated that resveratrol decreased inflammatory protein expression and improved vascular structure in aged mice. Resveratrol inhibited the expression of TLR4 and secretion of MMP3, MMP9, and IL-1β. The mechanism of action of resveratrol appears to be associated with the inhibition of TLR4/Syk/NLRP3 activation in ox-LDL-activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huilian Chen
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghao Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Beidong Chen
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Gong
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response in cardiovascular diseases. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:499-521. [PMID: 33619348 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00511-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as ischaemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke and heart failure, are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although specific CVDs and the associated cardiometabolic abnormalities have distinct pathophysiological and clinical manifestations, they often share common traits, including disruption of proteostasis resulting in accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ER proteostasis is governed by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signalling pathway that adjusts the protein-folding capacity of the cell to sustain the cell's secretory function. When the adaptive UPR fails to preserve ER homeostasis, a maladaptive or terminal UPR is engaged, leading to the disruption of ER integrity and to apoptosis. ER stress functions as a double-edged sword, with long-term ER stress resulting in cellular defects causing disturbed cardiovascular function. In this Review, we discuss the distinct roles of the UPR and ER stress response as both causes and consequences of CVD. We also summarize the latest advances in our understanding of the importance of the UPR and ER stress in the pathogenesis of CVD and discuss potential therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring ER proteostasis in CVDs.
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Lv Z, Shan X, Tu Q, Wang J, Chen J, Yang Y. Ginkgolide B treatment regulated intestinal flora to improve high-fat diet induced atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Li C, Liu K, Liu S, Aerqin Q, Wu X. Role of Ginkgolides in the Inflammatory Immune Response of Neurological Diseases: A Review of Current Literatures. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:45. [PMID: 32848639 PMCID: PMC7411855 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory immune response (IIR) is a physiological or excessive systemic response, induced by inflammatory immune cells according to changes in the internal and external environments. An excessive IIR is the pathological basis for the generation and development of neurological diseases. Ginkgolides are one of the important medicinal ingredients in Ginkgo biloba. Many studies have verified that ginkgolides have anti-platelet-activating, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, neurotrophic, and neuroimmunomodulatory effects. Inflammatory immunomodulation is mediated by inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. They also inhibit the platelet-activating factor (PAF)-mediated signal transduction to attenuate the inflammatory response. Herein, we reviewed the studies on the roles of ginkgolides in inflammatory immunomodulation and suggested its potential role in novel treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrong Li
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiaolifan Aerqin
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiujuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Elevated level of circulatory sTLT1 induces inflammation through SYK/MEK/ERK signalling in coronary artery disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 133:2283-2299. [PMID: 31713591 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of inflammation in all phases of atherosclerotic process is well established and soluble TREM-like transcript 1 (sTLT1) is reported to be associated with chronic inflammation. Yet, no information is available about the involvement of sTLT1 in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Present study was undertaken to determine the pathophysiological significance of sTLT1 in atherosclerosis by employing an observational study on human subjects (n=117) followed by experiments in human macrophages and atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (apoE)-/- mice. Plasma level of sTLT1 was found to be significantly (P<0.05) higher in clinical (2342 ± 184 pg/ml) and subclinical cases (1773 ± 118 pg/ml) than healthy controls (461 ± 57 pg/ml). Moreover, statistical analyses further indicated that sTLT1 was not only associated with common risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in both clinical and subclinical groups but also strongly correlated with disease severity. Ex vivo studies on macrophages showed that sTLT1 interacts with Fcɣ receptor I (FcɣRI) to activate spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK)-mediated downstream MAP kinase signalling cascade to activate nuclear factor-κ B (NF-kB). Activation of NF-kB induces secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) from macrophage cells that plays pivotal role in governing the persistence of chronic inflammation. Atherosclerotic apoE-/- mice also showed high levels of sTLT1 and TNF-α in nearly occluded aortic stage indicating the contribution of sTLT1 in inflammation. Our results clearly demonstrate that sTLT1 is clinically related to the risk factors of CAD. We also showed that binding of sTLT1 with macrophage membrane receptor, FcɣR1 initiates inflammatory signals in macrophages suggesting its critical role in thrombus development and atherosclerosis.
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Li H, Zhang W, Wu Z, Huang X, Hui A, He Y, Wang H. Theoretical design, preparation, and evaluation of Ginkgolide B molecularly imprinted polymers. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:514-523. [PMID: 31642160 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ginkgolide B is in great demand worldwide on account of its extensive and excellent pharmacological effects, however, it is difficult to separate and purify ginkgolide B. In this study, ginkgolide B molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared by combining software simulation and molecular imprinting technique, and its characterization and adsorption performed evaluation were performed to understand the adsorption behavior of the polymers. The adsorption equilibrium concentration of molecularly imprinted polymers was 0.70 mg/mL, and the adsorption equilibrium time was 4 h. Meanwhile, the adsorption isotherm of the polymers for ginkgolide B fitted well with the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics was in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetics. In contrast, the adsorption capacity of molecularly imprinted polymers on ginkgolide B was higher than that of non-molecular imprinted polymers, with better selectivity and better adsorption after repeated use for six times. The application experiments showed that molecular imprinted polymers have a good adsorption effect in low purity samples. Therefore, the polymers reported herein can be expected to apply in the adsorption and separation of ginkgolide B samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Li
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ailing Hui
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, P. R. China
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Kusuyama J, Seong C, Makarewicz NS, Ohnishi T, Shima K, Semba I, Bandow K, Matsuguchi T. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) maintains osteogenic potency by the increased expression and stability of Nanog through spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) activation. Cell Signal 2019; 62:109345. [PMID: 31228531 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a powerful tool for cell-based, clinical therapies like bone regeneration. Therapeutic use of cell transplantation requires many cells, however, the expansion process needed to produce large quantities of cells reduces the differentiation potential of MSCs. Here, we examined the protective effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the maintenance of osteogenic potency. Primary osteoblastic cells were serially passaged between 2 and 12 times with daily LIPUS treatment. We found that LIPUS stimulation maintains osteogenic differentiation capacity in serially passaged cells, as characterized by improved matrix mineralization and Osteocalcin mRNA expression. Decreased expression of Nanog, Sox2, and Msx2, and increased expression of Pparg2 from serial passaging was recovered in LIPUS-stimulated cells. We found that LIPUS stimulation not only increased but also sustained expression of Nanog in primary osteoblasts and ST2 cells, a mouse mesenchymal stromal cell line. Nanog overexpression in serially passaged cells mimicked the recuperative effects of LIPUS on osteogenic potency, highlighting the important role of Nanog in LIPUS stimulation. Additionally, we found that spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is an important signaling molecule to induce Nanog expression in LIPUS-stimulated cells. Syk activation was regulated by both Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) and extracellular ATP in a paracrine manner. Interestingly, the LIPUS-induced increase in Nanog mRNA expression was regulated by ATP-P2X4-Syk Y323 activation, while the improvement of Nanog protein stability was controlled by the ROCK1-Syk Y525/526 pathway. Taken together, these results indicate that LIPUS stimulation recovers and maintains the osteogenic potency of serially passaged cells through a Syk-Nanog axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Changhwan Seong
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Nathan S Makarewicz
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kaori Shima
- Department of Oral Pathology, Field of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Ichiro Semba
- Department of Oral Pathology, Field of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakato 350-0283, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
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Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism of Carthamus tinctorius L. on cardiovascular disease by a systems pharmacology approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109094. [PMID: 31203131 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carthamus tinctorius L. is widely used in traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. However, our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms supporting its clinical application still lags behind. In this study, a systems pharmacology approach integrating drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, target exploration, GO enrichment analysis, KEGG pathway performance and network construction was adopted to explore its therapeutic mechanism. A total of 21 active ingredients contained in Carthamus tinctorius L. and 113 major proteins were screened out as effective players in the treatment of cardiovascular disease through some related pathways. And the association among the active ingredients, major hubs and main pathways was investigated, implying the potential biological progression of Carthamus tinctorius L. acting on cardiovascular disease. Importantly, the majority of hubs and pathways were found to be highly related with platelet activation process. Core genes that can be regulated by Carthamus tinctorius L. in platelet activation pathway were PRKACA, PIK3R1, MAPK1, PPP1CC, PIK3CA and SYK, and they may play a central role in suppressing platelet aggregation. The systems pharmacology approach used in this study may provide a feasible tool to clarify the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and further develop their therapeutic potentials.
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Gu Y, Sheng R, Wu J, Zhou Y, Qin ZH. Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate inhibits rat platelet aggregation and p38 phosphorylation. Thromb Res 2018; 171:121-129. [PMID: 30292134 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies found that reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) protected neurons against ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury. In addition to ROS reduction and ATP increment, preliminary data suggested that NADPH inhibited ADP and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. As the effect of NADPH on platelet function was not reported by other investigators, the actions of NADPH on platelet function and mechanisms of actions were investigated in the present study. In vitro studies, the effects of different concentrations of NADPH on platelet aggregation induced by ADP (10 μM), thrombin (0.05 U/mL) or AA (50 μM) were determined. The results showed that NADPH could inhibit platelet aggregation induced by ADP, thrombin or AA in a concentration dependent manner. When the inhibitory effects of NAD+, NADH, NADP+ and NADPH on platelet aggregation were compared, NADPH demonstrated the relatively best effect on platelet aggregation. In vivo studies, the effects of NADPH on platelet aggregation, tail bleeding time, coagulation response and ferric chloride-induced thrombosis were determined in mice or rats. The maximum aggregation rate of platelets of rats injected with NADPH (5 mg/kg) was lower than platelets from control rats. NADPH transiently prolonged tail bleeding time in mice at 30 min after the injection of NADPH (7.5 mg/kg), while aspirin (15 mg/kg) significantly prolonged the tail bleeding time in mice at all time points examined. NADPH (5 mg/kg), as well as aspirin (10 mg/kg), had no effect on coagulation response in rats. Using a FeCl3-induced abdominal aorta injury thrombosis model, administration of NADPH (5 mg/kg) significantly delayed the onset of vessel occlusion, while aspirin (10 mg/kg) almost completely prevented the vessel occlusion. With microscopic examination the thrombi in injured vessel sections of rats received NADPH were much smaller and less dense than that of rats received vehicle treatment. ADP induced an increase in phosphorylation of p38 and the effect was markedly inhibited by the p38 inhibitor SB203580. Similarly, NADPH also inhibited ADP-induced phosphorylation of p38. Similar to NADPH, SB203580 robustly inhibited ADP- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. In addition, NADPH also reduced ADP-induced increases in ROS in platelets. The current results demonstrated that NADPH inhibited platelet aggregation, oxidative stress and p38 phosphorylation, suggesting that NADPH might be a novel compound for management of high risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Rui Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junchao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Liu Q, Li X, Li L, Xu Z, Zhou J, Xiao W. Ginkgolide K protects SH‑SY5Y cells against oxygen‑glucose deprivation‑induced injury by inhibiting the p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3185-3192. [PMID: 30066915 PMCID: PMC6102632 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to explore the protective effect and functional mechanism of ginkgolide K (GK: C20H22O9) on cerebral ischemia. SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to simulate an ischemic model in vitro. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), nuclear staining with Hoechst 33258 and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected following 4 h of exposure to OGD. Subsequently, the expression levels of the apoptosis-related proteins, caspase-9, caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, p53 and c-Jun, as well as the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling molecules were detected by western blot analysis. GK significantly elevated the cell viability and decreased the generation of ROS and the number of apoptotic cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, GK markedly decreased the protein expression levels of p-p38, p-JNK, p-p53, p-c-Jun and the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase-9 and caspase-3. In conclusion, GK demonstrated a neuroprotective effect on the simulated cerebral ischemia in vitro, and this effect was mediated through the inhibition of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway triggered by ROS-evoked p38 and JNK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Liu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
| | - Xueke Li
- State Key Laboratory of New‑Tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiliang Xu
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu, Lianyungang 222001, P.R. China
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Ginkgolide B Suppresses TLR4-Mediated Inflammatory Response by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK in High Glucose-Treated HUVECs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:9371602. [PMID: 28785380 PMCID: PMC5529656 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9371602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim Ginkgolide B is a Ginkgo biloba leaf extract that has been identified as a natural platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) antagonist. We investigated the effect of ginkgolide B on high glucose-induced TLR4 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Methods Protein expression was analyzed by immunoblotting. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock down PAFR and TLR4 expression. Results Ginkgolide B suppressed the expression of TLR4 and MyD88 that was induced by high glucose. Ginkgolide B also reduced the levels of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1. Further, we examined the association between PAFR and TLR4 by coimmunoprecipitation. The result showed that high glucose treatment caused the binding of PAFR and TLR4, whereas ginkgolide B abolished this binding. The functional analysis indicated that PAFR siRNA treatment reduced TLR4 expression, and TLR4 siRNA treatment decreased PAFR expression in high glucose-treated HUVECs, further supporting the coimmunoprecipitation data. Ginkgolide B inhibited the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Conclusion Ginkgolide B exerted protective effects by inhibiting the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response in high glucose-treated endothelial cells. The mechanism of action of ginkgolide B might be associated with inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
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Liu JT, Zhang S, Gu B, Li HN, Wang SY, Zhang SY. Methotrexate combined with methylprednisolone for the recovery of motor function and differential gene expression in rats with spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1507-1518. [PMID: 29089998 PMCID: PMC5649473 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.215263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylprednisolone is a commonly used drug for the treatment of spinal cord injury, but high doses of methylprednisolone can increase the incidence of infectious diseases. Methotrexate has anti-inflammatory activity and immunosuppressive effects, and can reduce inflammation after spinal cord injury. To analyze gene expression changes and the molecular mechanism of methotrexate combined with methylprednisolone in the treatment of spinal cord injury, a rat model of spinal cord contusion was prepared using the PinPoint™ precision cortical impactor technique. Rats were injected with methylprednisolone 30 mg/kg 30 minutes after injury, and then subcutaneously injected with 0.3 mg/kg methotrexate 1 day after injury, once a day, for 2 weeks. TreadScan gait analysis found that at 4 and 8 weeks after injury, methotrexate combined with methylprednisolone significantly improved hind limb swing time, stride time, minimum longitudinal deviation, instant speed, footprint area and regularity index. Solexa high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze differential gene expression. Compared with methylprednisolone alone, differential expression of 316 genes was detected in injured spinal cord treated with methotrexate and methylprednisolone. The 275 up-regulated genes were mainly related to nerve recovery, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic functions, while 41 down-regulated genes were mainly related to proinflammatory and pro-apoptotic functions. These results indicate that methotrexate combined with methylprednisolone exhibited better effects on inhibiting the activity of inflammatory cytokines and enhancing antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects and thereby produced stronger neuroprotective effects than methotrexate alone. The 316 differentially expressed genes play an important role in the above processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Tao Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hua-Nan Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shuo-Yu Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shui-Yin Zhang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
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Liu Y, Shields LBE, Gao Z, Wang Y, Zhang YP, Chu T, Zhu Q, Shields CB, Cai J. Current Understanding of Platelet-Activating Factor Signaling in Central Nervous System Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5563-5572. [PMID: 27613281 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a bioactive lipid mediator which serves as a reciprocal messenger between the immune and nervous systems. PAF, a pluripotent inflammatory mediator, is extensively expressed in many cells and tissues and has either beneficial or detrimental effects on the progress of inflammation-related neuropathology. Its wide distribution and various biological functions initiate a cascade of physiological or pathophysiological responses during development or diseases. Current evidence indicates that excess PAF accumulation in CNS diseases exacerbates the inflammatory response and pathological consequences, while application of PAF inhibitors or PAFR antagonists by blocking this signaling pathway significantly reduces inflammation, protects cells, and improves the recovery of neural functions. In this review, we integrate the current findings of PAF signaling in CNS diseases and elucidate topics less appreciated but important on the role of PAF signaling in neurological diseases. We propose that the precise use of PAF inhibitors or PAFR antagonists that target the specific neural cells during the appropriate temporal window may constitute a potential therapy for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lisa B E Shields
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Zhongwen Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yuanyi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ping Zhang
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tianci Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Jun Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Wang S, Wang Z, Fan Q, Guo J, Galli G, Du G, Wang X, Xiao W. Ginkgolide K protects the heart against endoplasmic reticulum stress injury by activating the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X box-binding protein-1 pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:2402-18. [PMID: 27186946 PMCID: PMC4945765 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is increasingly recognized as an important causal factor of many diseases. Targeting ER stress has now emerged as a new therapeutic strategy for treating cardiovascular diseases. Here, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanism of ginkgolide K (1,10-dihydroxy-3,14-didehydroginkgolide, GK) on cardiac ER stress. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Cell death, apoptosis and ER stress-related signalling pathways were measured in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, treated with the ER stress inducers tunicamycin, hydrogen peroxide and thapsigargin. Acute myocardial infarction was established using left coronary artery occlusion in mice, and infarct size was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Echocardiography was used to assess heart function and transmission electron microscopy for evaluating ER expansion. KEY RESULTS Ginkgolide K (GK) significantly decreased ER stress-induced cell death in both in vitro and in vivo models. In ischaemic injured mice, GK treatment reduced infarct size, rescued heart dysfunction and ameliorated ER dilation. Mechanistic studies revealed that the beneficial effects of GK occurred through enhancement of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/X box-binding protein-1 (XBP1) activity, which in turn led to increased ER-associated degradation-mediated clearance of misfolded proteins and autophagy. In addition, GK was also able to partly repress the pro-apoptotic action of regulated IRE1-dependent decay and JNK pathway. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In conclusion, GK acts through selective activation of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway to limit ER stress injury. GK is revealed as a promising therapeutic agent to ameliorate ER stress for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoubao Wang
- Faculty of Life SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug ScreeningInstitute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New‐tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical ProcessLianyungangChina
| | - Qiru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of New‐tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical ProcessLianyungangChina
- Faculty of Life Science and TechnologyChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jing Guo
- Faculty of Life SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Gina Galli
- Faculty of Life SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug ScreeningInstitute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Life SciencesThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New‐tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical ProcessLianyungangChina
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Ma TM, Xu N, Ma XD, Bai ZH, Tao X, Yan HC. Moxibustion regulates inflammatory mediators and colonic mucosal barrier in ulcerative colitis rats. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:2566-2575. [PMID: 26937144 PMCID: PMC4768202 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i8.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To observe the efficacy and mechanism of grain-sized moxibustion at different acupoints in a rat model of ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, UC model, grain-sized moxibustion at a single acupoint (CV 12), grain-sized moxibustion at two acupoints (CV 12 and CV 4), grain-sized moxibustion at three acupoints (CV 12, CV 4, and ST 36), and medication groups (n = 8/group). The UC model was established by enema of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Direct moxibustion was used once a day for 7 d. Disease activity index (DAI) was evaluated before and after the treatment. Morphologic changes of intestinal tissue were observed under an optical microscope. The expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in colonic tissue was detected using Western blot, and the levels of occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) mRNAs were detected using reverse transcription PCR.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the intestinal mucosae were incomplete in the model group, glandular structures were irregular, and submucosae were edematous, hyperemic, and infiltrated with inflammatory cells. The DAI scores and expression of TNF-α and p38MAPK were increased significantly in the model group compared to controls (Ps < 0.01), while the mRNA levels of occludin and ZO-1 were reduced significantly (Ps < 0.01). Compared with the model group, colonic mucosa and the arrangement of glands were complete and regular in the treatment groups. DAI scores and the expression of TNF-α and p38MAPK were reduced significantly in moxibustion groups compared to controls (Ps < 0.01), while the mRNA levels of occludin and ZO-1 were increased significantly (Ps < 0.01). The improvements in the above indices in the three acupoints group and the medication group were superior to those in the single and two acupoints groups (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Reduction of TNF-α and p38MAPK and increased expression of occludin and ZO-1 in colonic tissue represent a potential mechanism for improved intestinal mucosal tissue repair with grain-sized moxibustion.
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Zhang Y, Ma XJ, Shi DZ. Antiplatelet Effect of Active Components Derived from Chinese Herbal Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2015; 24:632-640. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-015-2297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ishino N, Kakegawa R, Fujisato T. Development of an Optical Method for Detecting Platelet Aggregation for <i>In Vitro</i> Antithrombogenicity Evaluation of Biomaterials. ADVANCED BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.14326/abe.4.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Naoaki Ishino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology
- Department of Medical Engineering, Aino University
| | - Ryoma Kakegawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology
| | - Toshia Fujisato
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology
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