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Feng S, Yan L, Lou Y, Ying L. The protective effect of curcumin on testicular tissue in a cryptorchid rat model. J Pediatr Urol 2022; 18:409.e1-409.e7. [PMID: 35803866 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2022.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptorchidism is the most common abnormality of male sexual development. For the protection of testicular functions, antioxidants have emerged as novel options. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin (Cur), a strong antioxidant, on the Flutamide-induced cryptorchidism testicular tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly allocated to 3 groups (n = 10, each): a control, a model, and a Cur-treated group (100 mg/kg/d). All offspring were delivered by days 21-22 of gestation and the male rats were sacrificed at postnatal birth days (PNDs) PND60. The testicles were separated and weighed, followed by TUNEL staining to detect germ cell apoptosis, an ELISA kit to measure SOD and MDA, and Western blot analysis to evaluate the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and PCNA. RESULTS Curcumin administration ameliorated the histological appearance of the testis and greatly reduced the level of apoptosis in cryptorchidism rats' testicular cells. After curcumin treatment, the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was restored in the testis tissues of cryptorchidism rats. Curcumin therapy reduced Bax expression while increasing Bcl-2 expression, according to the molecular study. Curcumin therapy also reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in cryptorchidism rats' testis tissue. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that curcumin administration significantly reduced the germ cell apoptosis in rats with cryptorchidism, which provides new insight for antioxidant therapy in preserving testicular functions before or after surgery in cryptorchidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoguang Feng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Ying
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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R. R. LIMA T, P. SOUZA N, FERRAGUT CARDOSO AP, M. GOMIDE LM, G. NASCIMENTO E PONTES M, A. MIOT H, L. ARNOLD L, M. COHEN S, V. DE CAMARGO JL. Testicular alterations in cryptorchid/orchiopexic rats chronically exposed to acrylamide or di-butyl-phthalate. J Toxicol Pathol 2022; 35:159-170. [PMID: 35516837 PMCID: PMC9018398 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2021-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thania R. R. LIMA
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália P. SOUZA
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. FERRAGUT CARDOSO
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia Maria M. GOMIDE
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Merielen G. NASCIMENTO E PONTES
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio A. MIOT
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lora L. ARNOLD
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Omaha, 68105, NE, USA
| | - Samuel M. COHEN
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Omaha, 68105, NE, USA
| | - João Lauro V. DE CAMARGO
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of Environmental Impact on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu, 18618-687, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ferragut Cardoso AP, Gomide LMM, Souza NP, de Jesus CMN, Arnold LL, Cohen SM, de Camargo JLV, Nascimento e Pontes MG. Time response of rat testicular alterations induced by cryptorchidism and orchiopexy. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:57-69. [PMID: 33502821 PMCID: PMC7839953 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is one of the main risk factors for infertility and testicular cancer. Orchiopexy surgery corrects cryptorchidism effects. Different models of cryptorchidism developed in the rat include surgery. We assessed testicular alterations in rats submitted to surgical cryptorchidism and examined their potential for reversibility at different time points in order to verify time dependency effect(s) on the recovery of the undescended testes. Cryptorchidism was induced in 3-week-old rats. Animals were euthanized 3, 6 or 11 weeks after surgery to evaluate the morphological progression of cryptorchidism-induced germinative epithelial alterations. Other groups underwent orchiopexy 3, 5 or 9 weeks after surgical cryptorchidism, before or after puberty. Animals were euthanized 3 or 8 weeks after orchiopexy. Controls underwent sham surgery at the same time points as the surgical groups. Cryptorchid testes showed decreased weight, germinative epithelial degeneration, apoptosis and vacuolation, corresponding to impairment of spermatogenesis and of Sertoli cells. Some tubules has a Sertoli cell-only pattern and atrophy. The intensity of damage was related to the duration of cryptorchidism. After orchiopexy, spermatogenesis completely recovered only when testicular relocation occurred before puberty and the interval for recovery was extended. These results indicate that age, sexual maturity and extension of germ cell damage were relevant for producing germ cell restoration and normal spermatogenesis. We provide original observations on the time dependency of testicular alterations induced by cryptorchidism and their restoration using morphologic, morphometric and immunohistochemical approaches. It may be useful to study germ cell impairment, progression and recovery in different experimental settings, including exposure to exogenous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Ferragut Cardoso
- Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Humans Health (TOXICAM)Department of PathologyBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
- Present address:
Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA
| | - Lígia M. M. Gomide
- Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Humans Health (TOXICAM)Department of PathologyBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
- Present address:
Southwestern University Center of São PauloItapetiningaBrazil
| | - Nathalia P. Souza
- Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Humans Health (TOXICAM)Department of PathologyBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
| | | | - Lora L. Arnold
- Department of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Samuel M. Cohen
- Department of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
- Havlik‐Wall Professor of OncologyDepartment of Pathology and MicrobiologyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA‘Sertoli cells
| | - João Lauro V. de Camargo
- Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Humans Health (TOXICAM)Department of PathologyBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
| | - Merielen G. Nascimento e Pontes
- Center for the Evaluation of the Environmental Impact on Humans Health (TOXICAM)Department of PathologyBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
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Alumeti Munyali D, Tetsatsi Momo AC, Bonsou Fozin GR, Deeh Defo PB, Petnga Tchatat Y, Lieunang B, Watcho P. Rubus apetalus (Rosaceae) improves spermatozoa characteristics, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential in unilateral cryptorchid rats. Basic Clin Androl 2020; 30:8. [PMID: 32670587 PMCID: PMC7346424 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-020-00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptorchidism (CPT) is an important cause of male infertility. Rubus apetalus is a medicinal plant with a powerful antioxidant potential. We investigated the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. apetalus on spermatozoa parameters, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential of rats with experimental unilateral CPT. METHOD Normal (n = 15), sham-operated (n = 15) and cryptorchid rats (n = 80; distributed into 16 groups of 5 rats/group) were treated for 2, 4 or 8 weeks with either distilled water (10 ml/kg/day), vitamin E (75 mg/kg/day), aqueous or methanolic extract of R. apetalus (12 and 60 mg/kg). Sex organ weights, spermatozoa parameters, testicular proteins, sex hormones, fertility potential, morphometric characteristics of testis and oxidative stress markers were measured. RESULTS CPT significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) decreased testicular and epididymal weights, spermatozoa density, spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa normality, testicular proteins, LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations. In cryptorchid rats, peri-vascular fibrosis significantly increased (p < 0.001), while diameter of the seminiferous tube, germ cell thickness, gestation index and fertility index decreased when compared to control. Additionally, CPT induced oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and by reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. These alterations were corrected by R. apetalus. For instance, a significantly increase (p < 0.05-0.001) in spermatozoa motility, normality, viability and density after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment was noticed. R. apetalus also increased (p < 0.05-0.001) testicular proteins, gestation index (90-100%) and fertility index (90-100%), compared to the untreated cryptorchid rats. CONCLUSION R. apetalus boosts fertility potential in cryptorchid rats and could be considered as a promising alternative agent for the management of infertility associated with CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désiré Alumeti Munyali
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
- School of Medicine and Community Health, Université Evangelique en Afrique, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Aimé Césaire Tetsatsi Momo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Georges Romeo Bonsou Fozin
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Patrick Brice Deeh Defo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Yannick Petnga Tchatat
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Boris Lieunang
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Watcho
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology (URPAP), Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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de Souza NP, Cardoso AF, Gomide L, Lima T, Miot HA, Martino-Andrade AJ, Arnold LL, Pennington KL, Cohen SM, de Camargo J, Nascimento E Pontes MG. Experimental cryptorchidism enhances testicular susceptibility to dibutyl phthalate or acrylamide in Sprague-Dawley rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:899-913. [PMID: 30995857 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119845040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cryptorchidism (CPT), the most common male congenital abnormality, is variably associated with other male reproductive tract problems. We evaluated if cryptorchid rats develop enhanced testicular susceptibility to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or acrylamide (AA) after extended exposure. Three studies with rats were performed: (1) in utero and postnatal exposure to DBP or AA; (2) establishment of CPT and orchiopexy; and (3) in utero and postnatal exposures to DBP or AA associated with CPT/orchiopexy. Seminiferous tubules were histologically scored according to the severity of lesions: (1) Rats exposed to DBP (score 1.5) or AA (score 1.1) presented mostly preserved spermatogenesis. Some seminiferous tubules showed vacuolated germinative epithelium, germ cell apoptosis, and a Sertoli cell-only (SCO) pattern. (2) CPT (score 3.3) resulted in decreased absolute testes weights, degenerated and SCO tubules, and spermatogenesis arrest that were reversed by orchiopexy (score 1.1). (3) Exposure to DBP or AA with CPT/orchiopexy led to atrophic testes, spermatogenesis arrest, germ cell exfoliation/multinucleation, and SCO tubules (both chemicals score 2.5). Exposure to chemicals such as DBP or AA prevented the recovery of cryptorchid testes by orchiopexy. The possible role of environmental contaminants should be considered when looking for factors that modulate human testicular disorders associated with CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P de Souza
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ap Ferragut Cardoso
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lmm Gomide
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Trr Lima
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H A Miot
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A J Martino-Andrade
- 2 Department of Physiology, Polytechnic Centre, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - L L Arnold
- 3 Department of Pathology and Microbiology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - K L Pennington
- 3 Department of Pathology and Microbiology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - S M Cohen
- 3 Department of Pathology and Microbiology and the Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,4 Havlik-Wall Professor of Oncology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Jlv de Camargo
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M G Nascimento E Pontes
- 1 Department of Pathology, Center for Evaluation of the Impact of the Environmental on Human Health (TOXICAM), Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Surgery-induced cryptorchidism induces apoptosis and autophagy of spermatogenic cells in mice. ZYGOTE 2019; 27:101-110. [DOI: 10.1017/s096719941900011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SummaryCryptorchidism, characterized by the presence of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) undescended testes, is a common male urogenital defect. Cryptorchidism can lead to male infertility, testicular cancer being the most extreme clinical symptom, as well as psychological issues of the inflicted individual. Despite this, both knowledge about the aetiology of cryptorchidism and the mechanism for cryptorchidism-induced male infertility remain limited. In this present study, by using an artificial cryptorchid mouse model, we investigated the effects of surgery-induced cryptorchidism on spermatogenic cells and seminiferous epithelial cycles. We found that surgery-induced cryptorchidism led to a reduced testicular weight, aberrant seminiferous epithelial cycles and impaired spermatogenesis characterized by degenerating spermatogenic cells. We also observed multinucleated giant cells after surgery-induced cryptorchidism. Transmission electron microscopy, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) and western blot assays demonstrated cryptorchidism-induced apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. Moreover, we identified the occurrence of autophagy in germ cells after surgery-induced cryptorchidism. Interestingly, apoptosis and autophagy were synchronous, suggestive of their synergetic roles in promoting germ cell death. Our results provide novel insights into the cryptorchidism-induced male infertility, thereby contributing to the development of male contraceptive strategies as well as treatment options for male infertility caused by cryptorchidism.
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Niedzielski J, Kucharski P, Slowikowska-Hilczer J. The volume of unilaterally undescended testis after hCG therapy compared to orchidopexy and combined methods. Andrology 2018; 6:742-747. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Niedzielski
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology; the Maria Konopnicka Paediatric Centre; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - P. Kucharski
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology; the Maria Konopnicka Paediatric Centre; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
| | - J. Slowikowska-Hilczer
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology; Medical University of Lodz; Lodz Poland
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8
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Bianchi E, Boekelheide K, Sigman M, Hall SJ, Hwang K. Ghrelin modulates testicular damage in a cryptorchid mouse model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177995. [PMID: 28542403 PMCID: PMC5436858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptorchidism or undescended testis (UDT) is a common congenital abnormality associated with increased risk for developing male infertility and testicular cancer. This study elucidated the effects of endogenous ghrelin or growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) deletion on mouse reproductive performance and evaluated the ability of ghrelin to prevent testicular damage in a surgical cryptorchid mouse model. Reciprocal matings with heterozygous/homozygous ghrelin and GHSR knockout mice were performed. Litter size and germ cell apoptosis were recorded and testicular histological evaluations were performed. Wild type and GHSR knockout adult mice were subjected to creation of unilateral surgical cryptorchidism that is a model of heat-induced germ cell death. All mice were randomly separated into two groups: treatment with ghrelin or with saline. To assess testicular damage, the following endpoints were evaluated: testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, percentage of seminiferous tubules with spermatids and with multinucleated giant cells. Our findings indicated that endogenous ghrelin deletion altered male fertility. Moreover, ghrelin treatment ameliorated the testicular weight changes caused by surgically induced cryptorchidism. Testicular histopathology revealed a significant preservation of spermatogenesis and seminiferous tubule diameter in the ghrelin-treated cryptorchid testes of GHSR KO mice, suggesting that this protective effect of ghrelin was mediated by an unknown mechanism. In conclusion, ghrelin therapy could be useful to suppress testicular damage induced by hyperthermia, and future investigations will focus on the underlying mechanisms by which ghrelin mitigates testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Bianchi
- Division of Urology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Kim Boekelheide
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Mark Sigman
- Division of Urology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Susan J. Hall
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - Kathleen Hwang
- Division of Urology, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Matsushita K, Miyake H, Chiba K, Fujisawa M. Clusterin produced by Sertoli cells inhibits heat stress-induced apoptosis in the rat testis. Andrologia 2015; 48:11-9. [PMID: 25661013 DOI: 10.1111/and.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine whether the inhibition of clusterin expression in rat Sertoli cells enhances heat stress-induced apoptosis. The scrotums of rats were immersed in a water bath of 43 °C for 15 min. Testicular weight and germ cell number markedly decreased after the heat treatment in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, clusterin mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly up-regulated and peaked on day 21. The apoptotic index was markedly increased 1 day after the heat treatment. We then purified Sertoli cells from the rat testes, and an expression vector containing siRNA targeting the clusterin gene was transiently transfected into Sertoli cells. Following exposure to heat stress at 41 °C for 12 h, clusterin mRNA was markedly up-regulated after transfection with the control vector; however, the transfection of siRNA targeting the clusterin resulted in >70% reduction in the expression of clusterin mRNA. Furthermore, the apoptotic index in these Sertoli cells was significantly higher after the treatment with siRNA targeting the clusterin than control, and the most prominent difference was observed within 24 h after the heat treatment. These results suggest that an increase in the secretion of clusterin by Sertoli cells protects the testes from heat stress-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Matsushita
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - H Miyake
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - K Chiba
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - M Fujisawa
- Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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10
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Uyeturk U, Cetinkaya A, Ozyalvacli G, Kin Tekce B, Ozyalvacli ME, Kemahli E, Gucuk A. Protective Effects of N-Acetylcysteine on Experimentally Undescended Testis. J Urol 2014; 191:1168-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2013.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Uyeturk
- Department of Urology, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Cetinkaya
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Abant Izzet Baysal Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Gulzade Ozyalvacli
- Department of Pathology, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Buket Kin Tekce
- Department of Biochemistry, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | | | - Eray Kemahli
- Department of Urology, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Adnan Gucuk
- Department of Urology, Abant Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
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11
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Kheradmand A, Dezfoulian O, Alirezaei M, Hadian B. Ghrelin is a suppressor of testicular damage following experimentally induced cryptorchidism in the rat. J Pediatr Surg 2014; 49:593-8. [PMID: 24726120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cryptorchidism is associated with increased level of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. This study was undertaken to examine the possible ghrelin ability in attenuation of testicular damage in response to elevated temperature. METHODS Thirty male rats were subdivided into sham-operated, cryptorchidism-saline and cryptorchidism-ghrelin group. Bilateral cryptorchidism was induced in groups 2 and 3, surgically. The animals in group 3 were given ghrelin for 7 days and all testes were taken for biochemical and photomicrograph analysis. RESULTS Glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione content significantly promoted on day 7 in the cryptorchid rats treated by ghrelin. Catalase activity was higher in the ghrelin-exposed animals than the cryptorchidism-saline group on both experimental days. Although superoxide dismutase activity was elevated by ghrelin treatment on both days, it did not differ significantly. By contrast, significant reduction was observed in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentrations following ghrelin administration on day 7. Moreover, ghrelin could improve histopathological scores of the testes, and diminished formation of giant cells and tubular vacuolization. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate for the first time the novel evidence of ghrelin antioxidant properties in attenuation of rat testicular injury following experimentally induced cryptorchidism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Kheradmand
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, P.O. Box: 465, Khorram Abad, Iran.
| | - Omid Dezfoulian
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, P.O. Box: 465, Khorram Abad, Iran
| | - Masoud Alirezaei
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, P.O. Box: 465, Khorram Abad, Iran
| | - Babak Hadian
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorram Abad, Iran
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12
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Shimizu N, Ueno K, Kurita E, Shin SW, Nishihara T, Amano T, Anzai M, Kishigami S, Kato H, Mitani T, Hosoi Y, Matsumoto K. Possible role of ZPAC, zygote-specific proteasome assembly chaperone, during spermatogenesis in the mouse. J Reprod Dev 2014; 60:179-86. [PMID: 24583807 PMCID: PMC4085381 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian testis, the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays important roles in the process that promotes the formation of mature sperm. We recently identified zygote-specific proteasome assembly chaperone (ZPAC), which is specifically expressed in the mouse gonads and zygote. ZPAC mediates a unique proteasome assembly pathway in the zygote, but the expression profile and function of ZPAC in the testis is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the possible role of ZPAC during mouse spermatogenesis. First, we analyzed the expression of ZPAC and 20S proteasome subunit α4/PSMA7 in the adult mouse testis. ZPAC and α4 were expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids. In elongating spermatids, ZPAC was expressed until step 10, whereas expression of α4 persisted until step 12. We then examined the expression profile of ZPAC and α4 in a mouse model of experimental unilateral cryptorchidism. Consistent with appearance of morphologically impaired germ cells following cryptorchidism, the ZPAC protein level was significantly decreased at 4 days post induction of experimental cryptorchidism (D4) compared with the intact testis, although the amount of α4 protein persisted at least until D10. Moreover, intense ZPAC staining was co-localized with staining of annexin V, an early indicator of apoptosis in mammalian cells, in germ cells of cryptorchid testis, but ZPAC was also expressed in germ cells showing no detectable expression of annexin V. These results suggest that ZPAC plays a role during spermatogenesis and raises the possibility that 20S proteasome mediated by ZPAC may be involved in the regulation of germ cell survival during spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Shimizu
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, Wakayama 649-6493, Japan
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