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Gariballa N, Mohamed F, Badawi S, Ali BR. The double whammy of ER-retention and dominant-negative effects in numerous autosomal dominant diseases: significance in disease mechanisms and therapy. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:64. [PMID: 38937821 PMCID: PMC11210014 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) employs stringent quality control mechanisms to ensure the integrity of protein folding, allowing only properly folded, processed and assembled proteins to exit the ER and reach their functional destinations. Mutant proteins unable to attain their correct tertiary conformation or form complexes with their partners are retained in the ER and subsequently degraded through ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) and associated mechanisms. ER retention contributes to a spectrum of monogenic diseases with diverse modes of inheritance and molecular mechanisms. In autosomal dominant diseases, when mutant proteins get retained in the ER, they can interact with their wild-type counterparts. This interaction may lead to the formation of mixed dimers or aberrant complexes, disrupting their normal trafficking and function in a dominant-negative manner. The combination of ER retention and dominant-negative effects has been frequently documented to cause a significant loss of functional proteins, thereby exacerbating disease severity. This review aims to examine existing literature and provide insights into the impact of dominant-negative effects exerted by mutant proteins retained in the ER in a range of autosomal dominant diseases including skeletal and connective tissue disorders, vascular disorders, neurological disorders, eye disorders and serpinopathies. Most crucially, we aim to emphasize the importance of this area of research, offering substantial potential for understanding the factors influencing phenotypic variability associated with genetic variants. Furthermore, we highlight current and prospective therapeutic approaches targeted at ameliorating the effects of mutations exhibiting dominant-negative effects. These approaches encompass experimental studies exploring treatments and their translation into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Gariballa
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Feda Mohamed
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sally Badawi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box: 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Taniguchi S, Berenger F, Doi Y, Mimura A, Yamanishi Y, Okiyoneda T. Ligand-based virtual-screening identified a novel CFTR ligand which improves the defective cell surface expression of misfolded ABC transporters. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1370676. [PMID: 38666024 PMCID: PMC11043560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1370676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenetic disease caused by the mutation of CFTR, a cAMP-regulated Cl- channel expressing at the apical plasma membrane (PM) of epithelia. ∆F508-CFTR, the most common mutant in CF, fails to reach the PM due to its misfolding and premature degradation at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recently, CFTR modulators have been developed to correct CFTR abnormalities, with some being used as therapeutic agents for CF treatment. One notable example is Trikafta, a triple combination of CFTR modulators (TEZ/ELX/IVA), which significantly enhances the functionality of ΔF508-CFTR on the PM. However, there's room for improvement in its therapeutic effectiveness since TEZ/ELX/IVA doesn't fully stabilize ΔF508-CFTR on the PM. To discover new CFTR modulators, we conducted a virtual screening of approximately 4.3 million compounds based on the chemical structures of existing CFTR modulators. This effort led us to identify a novel CFTR ligand named FR3. Unlike clinically available CFTR modulators, FR3 appears to operate through a distinct mechanism of action. FR3 enhances the functional expression of ΔF508-CFTR on the apical PM in airway epithelial cell lines by stabilizing NBD1. Notably, FR3 counteracted the degradation of mature ΔF508-CFTR, which still occurs despite the presence of TEZ/ELX/IVA. Furthermore, FR3 corrected the defective PM expression of a misfolded ABCB1 mutant. Therefore, FR3 may be a potential lead compound for addressing diseases resulting from the misfolding of ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Taniguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Francois Berenger
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yukako Doi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ayana Mimura
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamanishi
- Department of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Graduate School of Informatics, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Okiyoneda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Luther DC, Lee YW, Nagaraj H, Clark V, Jeon T, Goswami R, Gopalakrishnan S, Fedeli S, Jerome W, Elia JL, Rotello VM. Cytosolic Protein Delivery Using Modular Biotin-Streptavidin Assembly of Nanocomposites. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7323-7330. [PMID: 35435664 PMCID: PMC10586328 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Current strategies for the delivery of proteins into cells face general challenges of endosomal entrapment and concomitant degradation of protein cargo. Efficient delivery directly to the cytosol overcomes this obstacle: we report here the use of biotin-streptavidin tethering to provide a modular approach to the generation of nanovectors capable of a cytosolic delivery of biotinylated proteins. This strategy uses streptavidin to organize biotinylated protein and biotinylated oligo(glutamate) peptide into modular complexes that are then electrostatically self-assembled with a cationic guanidinium-functionalized polymer. The resulting polymer-protein nanocomposites demonstrate efficient cytosolic delivery of six biotinylated protein cargos of varying size, charge, and quaternary structure. Retention of protein function was established through efficient cell killing via delivery of the chemotherapeutic enzyme granzyme A. This platform represents a versatile and modular approach to intracellular delivery through the noncovalent tethering of multiple components into a single delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Harini Nagaraj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - William Jerome
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - James L. Elia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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Gariballa N, Ali BR. Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Protein Degradation (ERAD) in the Pathology of Diseases Related to TGFβ Signaling Pathway: Future Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:575608. [PMID: 33195419 PMCID: PMC7658374 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.575608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor signaling pathway (TGFβ) controls a wide range of cellular activities in adulthood as well as during embryogenesis including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, immunological responses and other cellular functions. Therefore, germline mutations in components of the pathway have given rise to a heterogeneous spectrum of hereditary diseases with variable phenotypes associated with malformations in the cardiovascular, muscular and skeletal systems. Our extensive literature and database searches revealed 47 monogenic diseases associated with germline mutations in 24 out of 41 gene variant encoding for TGFβ components. Most of the TGFβ components are membrane or secretory proteins and they are therefore expected to pass through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where fidelity of proteins folding is stringently monitored via the ER quality control machineries. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of mutant proteins’ folding and trafficking showed the implication of ER associated protein degradation (ERAD) in the pathogenesis of some of the diseases. For example, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia types 1 and 2 (HHT1 and HHT2) and familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (FPAH) associated with mutations in Endoglin, ALK1 and BMPR2 components of the signaling pathway, respectively, have all exhibited loss of function phenotype as a result of ER retention of some of their disease-causing variants. In some cases, this has led to premature protein degradation through the proteasomal pathway. We anticipate that ERAD will be involved in the mechanisms of other TGFβ signaling components and therefore warrants further research. In this review, we highlight advances in ER quality control mechanisms and their modulation as a potential therapeutic target in general with particular focus on prospect of their implementation in the treatment of monogenic diseases associated with TGFβ components including HHT1, HHT2, and PAH. In particular, we emphasis the need to establish disease mechanisms and to implement such novel approaches in modulating the molecular pathway of mutant TGFβ components in the quest for restoring protein folding and trafficking as a therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrin Gariballa
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Bin Sultan Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Samanta D. Management of Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: A Review. Pediatr Neurol 2020; 103:12-20. [PMID: 31836335 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood is a severe neurological disorder with infantile-onset recurrent episodes of hemiplegia on either side of the body and other paroxysmal events such as seizures, dystonia, tonic episodes, abnormal eye movements or autonomic dysfunction, primarily due to de novo pathogenic mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. The burden of neuromorbidities is significant and includes epilepsy; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; behavioral difficulties; motor, cognitive, adaptive, and learning impairment; ataxia; movement disorders; and migraine. Comprehensive multispecialty clinic with the availability of various specialists with considerable experience in alternating hemiplegia of childhood is beneficial. A comprehensive treatment plan including strict maintenance of a diary about different paroxysmal events is helpful. Disease-modifying therapy of alternating hemiplegia of childhood does not exist, and several agents such as benzodiazepines, flunarizine, topiramate, ketogenic diet, triheptanoin, steroid, amantadine, memantine, aripiprazole, oral ATP, coenzyme Q, acetazolamide, dextromethorphan, and vagus nerve stimulator have been tried with various rates of success by aborting attacks or reducing the frequency or severity of paroxysmal spells. The apparent efficacy of flunarizine is based on its use in hundreds of patients, albeit in open-label experience, but most of the other agents' reports of efficacy were from single case reports or case series of only a handful of patients. Besides reviewing existing data about individual agent active against paroxysmal events, we also review the management principles for coexisting neurological issues. However, with rapid advancement in the understanding of molecular pathogenesis and network abnormality of this disease, the treatment paradigm of alternating hemiplegia of childhood may significantly alter over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debopam Samanta
- Child Neurology Section, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas.
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Jacobson MA, Jones LJ, Colussi DJ, Tanaka JC. High-Throughput Ca 2+ Flux Assay To Monitor Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Activity and Characterize Achromatopsia Mutant Channel Function. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3662-3670. [PMID: 31290651 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cone photoreceptor cyclic-nucleotide gated channels (CNG) are tetrameric proteins composed of subunits from CNGA3 and CNGB3. These channels transduce light information into electrical signals carried by both Na+ and Ca2+ ions. More than 100 mutations in the CNGA3 gene are associated with the inherited retinal disorder, achromatopsia 2 (ACHM2), which results in attenuation or loss of color vision, daylight blindness, and reduced visual acuity. Classical techniques to measure CNG channel function utilize patch clamp electrophysiology measuring Na currents in the absence of divalent cations, yet intracellular Ca2+ regulates both light and dark adaptation in photoreceptors. We developed a fluorescence-based, high-throughput Ca2+ flux assay using yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) tagged CNGA3 channels expressed in HEK293 cells which allow monitoring for folding defects in mutant channels. The cell permeant cGMP analog, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cGMP (CPT-cGMP), was used to activate Ca2+ flux. The assay was validated using wild-type CNGA3 homomeric and heteromeric channels and ACHM2-associated homomeric mutant CNG channels, CNGA3-R427C, CNGA3-E590K, and CNGA3-L633P. Additionally, we examined two naturally occurring canine mutations causing day-blindness previously studied by patch clamp. We compared the CPT-cGMP K0.5 values of the channels with patch clamp values from previous studies. The assay provides a screen for modulation of gating and/or rescue of trafficking and/or misfolding defects in ACHM2-associated CNG channels. Importantly, the calcium flux assay is advantageous compared to patch clamp as it allows the ability to monitor CNG channel activity in the presence of calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene A Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19140 , United States
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19140 , United States
| | - Laura J Jones
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
| | - Dennis J Colussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19140 , United States
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, School of Pharmacy , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19140 , United States
| | - Jacqueline C Tanaka
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19122 , United States
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Factors in the disease severity of ATP1A3 mutations: Impairment, misfolding, and allele competition. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 132:104577. [PMID: 31425744 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominant mutations of ATP1A3, a neuronal Na,K-ATPase α subunit isoform, cause neurological disorders with an exceptionally wide range of severity. Several new mutations and their phenotypes are reported here (p.Asp366His, p.Asp742Tyr, p.Asp743His, p.Leu924Pro, and a VUS, p.Arg463Cys). Mutations associated with mild or severe phenotypes [rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), or early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE)] were expressed in HEK-293 cells. Paradoxically, the severity of human symptoms did not correlate with whether there was enough residual activity to support cell survival. We hypothesized that distinct cellular consequences may result not only from pump inactivation but also from protein misfolding. Biosynthesis was investigated in four tetracycline-inducible isogenic cell lines representing different human phenotypes. Two cell biological complications were found. First, there was impaired trafficking of αβ complex to Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane, as well as changes in cell morphology, for two mutations that produced microcephaly or regions of brain atrophy in patients. Second, there was competition between exogenous mutant ATP1A3 (α3) and endogenous ATP1A1 (α1) so that their sum was constant. This predicts that in patients, the ratio of normal to mutant ATP1A3 proteins will vary when misfolding occurs. At the two extremes, the results suggest that a heterozygous mutation that only impairs Na,K-ATPase activity will produce relatively mild disease, while one that activates the unfolded protein response could produce severe disease and may result in death of neurons independently of ion pump inactivation.
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Editorial for the special issue on "Golgi-related human disorders". Tissue Cell 2018; 49:131-132. [PMID: 28342448 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Manecka DL, Vanderperre B, Fon EA, Durcan TM. The Neuroprotective Role of Protein Quality Control in Halting the Development of Alpha-Synuclein Pathology. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:311. [PMID: 29021741 PMCID: PMC5623686 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a family of neurodegenerative disorders that comprises Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Each of these disorders is characterized by devastating motor, cognitive, and autonomic consequences. Current treatments for synucleinopathies are not curative and are limited to improvement of quality of life for affected individuals. Although the underlying causes of these diseases are unknown, a shared pathological hallmark is the presence of proteinaceous inclusions containing the α-synuclein (α-syn) protein in brain tissue. In the past few years, it has been proposed that these inclusions arise from the self-templated, prion-like spreading of misfolded and aggregated forms of α-syn throughout the brain, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. In this review, we describe how impaired protein homeostasis is a prominent factor in the α-syn aggregation cascade, with alterations in protein quality control (PQC) pathways observed in the brains of patients. We discuss how PQC modulates α-syn accumulation, misfolding and aggregation primarily through chaperoning activity, proteasomal degradation, and lysosome-mediated degradation. Finally, we provide an overview of experimental data indicating that targeting PQC pathways is a promising avenue to explore in the design of novel neuroprotective approaches that could impede the spreading of α-syn pathology and thus provide a curative treatment for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas M. Durcan
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group and iPSC-CRISPR Core Facility, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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