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Liu X, Zhu L, Liu J, Nie Z, Qiu W. Effect of weight loss interventions on metabolomic signatures in obese children with insulin resistance. Amino Acids 2024; 56:54. [PMID: 39212734 PMCID: PMC11364699 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-024-03409-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The obesity epidemic among children has become a major public health issue, and the presence of childhood insulin resistance (IR) has been demonstrated prior to the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, it is unclear whether the metabolomic signature is associated with weight loss interventions in obese children with IR. Thirty-six obese children with IR were selected from the weight loss camp (Shenzhen Sunshine Xing Yada health Technology Co., LTD). Clinical parameters were collected before and after weight loss intervention. Targeted metabolomics of plasma samples was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to the tandem mass spectrometry, and principal component analysis, variable importance in projection, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to obtain the differentially expressed metabolites. Pathway analysis was conducted with the Homo sapiens (HSA) sets in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. We used machine learning algorithms to obtain the potential biomarkers and Spearman correlation analysis to clarify the association between potential biomarkers and clinical parameters. We found that clinical parameters and metabolite clusters were significantly changed in obese children with IR before and after weight loss intervention. Mechanistically, weight loss intervention significantly changed 61 metabolites in obese children with IR. Furthermore, 12 pathways were significantly changed. Moreover, the machine learning algorithm found 6 important potential biomarkers. In addition, these potential biomarkers were strongly associated with major clinical parameters. These data indicate different metabolomic profiles in obese children with IR after weight loss intervention, providing insights into the clinical parameters and metabolite mechanisms involved in weight loss programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Liu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Sport and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jingxin Liu
- Physical education and sports school, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zichen Nie
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjun Qiu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Musso G, Pinach S, Saba F, De Michieli F, Cassader M, Gambino R. Endoscopic duodenal mucosa ablation techniques for diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review. MED 2024; 5:735-758.e2. [PMID: 38579730 DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing at an alarming rate, and only 50% of patients with T2DM achieve or maintain adequate glycemic control with pharmacological therapies. Metabolic surgery demonstrated superior efficacy compared to medical therapy but is unfeasible for most patients with T2DM. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR) by hydrothermal mucosal ablation, recellularization via electroporation therapy (ReCET), and photodynamic therapy are novel endoscopic procedures that use thermal, electrical, and photochemical energy, respectively, to ablate and reset dysfunctional duodenal mucosa. We assessed the data on the effects of these techniques on glycemic control and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS We systematically searched independently and in duplicate English and non-English language publications through January 31st, 2024. Outcomes assessed were an improvement in different metabolic health parameters and the safety of duodenal mucosal ablation (DMA) procedures. Outcomes were presented descriptively. FINDINGS We selected 12 reports reporting results from 3 randomized and 6 uncontrolled trials (seven evaluating DMR, two evaluating ReCET, all with a low risk of bias) for a total of 317 patients enrolled. DMA reduced HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and liver fat. When combined with newer antidiabetic drugs, it allowed insulin discontinuation in up to 86% patients. No major safety signal emerged. CONCLUSIONS All DMA techniques improve glucose homeostasis; DMR and ReCET appear to be safe in patients with T2DM. If confirmed by future randomized trials and by trials with histological endpoints in NAFLD, then DMA appears to be a promising alternative or complement option to medications for T2DM and NAFLD treatment. FUNDING This study received no funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Musso
- MECAU San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pinach
- Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Saba
- Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco De Michieli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cassader
- Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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3
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Hill CR, Shafaei A, Matthews VB, Ward NC, Croft KD, Lewis JR, Hodgson JM, Balmer L, Blekkenhorst LC. S-Methyl Cysteine Sulfoxide Does Not Ameliorate Weight Gain or Hyperlipidemia in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400034. [PMID: 38704751 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Higher intake of cruciferous and allium vegetables is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk. Little research has investigated the cardiometabolic effects of S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO), found abundant in these vegetables. This study hypothesizes that SMCSO will blunt development of metabolic syndrome features in mice fed high-fat feed. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty C57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned to standard-chow, high-fat, or high-fat supplemented with low-SMCSO (43 mg kg-1 body weight [BW] day-1), medium-SMCSO (153 mg kg-1 BW day-1), or high-SMCSO (256 mg kg-1 BW day-1) for 12-weeks. High-fat with SMCSO did not prevent diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, or hypercholesterolemia. Mice fed high-fat with SMCSO has higher hepatic lipids than mice fed standard-chow or high-fat alone. Urinary SMCSO increases at 6- and 12-weeks in the low-SMCSO group, before reducing 46% and 28% in the medium- and high-SMCSO groups, respectively, at 12-weeks, suggesting possible tissue saturation. Interestingly, two SMCSO-fed groups consume significantly more feed, without significant weight gain. Due to limitations in measuring consumed feed, caution should be taken interpreting these results. CONCLUSION SMCSO (43-256 mg kg-1 BW day-1) does not ameliorate metabolic syndrome features in high-fat fed mice. Substantial knowledge gaps remain. Further studies should administer SMCSO separately (i.e., gavage), with metabolic studies exploring tissue levels to better understand its physiological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Hill
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia, Western Australia, 6027
| | - Vance B Matthews
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, School of Biomedical Science, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Royal Perth Hospital Medical Research Foundation, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Natalie C Ward
- Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, Royal Perth Hospital Medical Research Foundation, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Kevin D Croft
- School of Biomedical Science, Royal Perth Hospital Unit, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia, 6027
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, 6000, Australia
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4
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Siqueira F, Rodrigues F, Ribeiro S, Veras H, Ferreira F, Siqueira R, dos Santos A, Havt A, Lima A. Induced acute hyperglycemia modifies the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium by tissue inflammation and tight junction disruption resulting in hydroelectrolytic secretion in an animal model. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13309. [PMID: 38656073 PMCID: PMC11027184 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic-metabolic syndrome (MetS-D) has a high prevalence worldwide, in which an association with the rupture of the intestinal epithelium barrier function (IEBF) has been pointed out, but the functional and morphological properties are still not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of acute hyperglycemia diabetes on intestinal tight junction proteins, metabolic failure, intestinal ion and water transports, and IEBF parameters. Diabetes was induced in male Rattus norvegicus (200-310 g) with 0.5 mL of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg). Glycemic and clinical parameters were evaluated every 7 days, and intestinal parameters were evaluated on the 14th day. The MetS-D animals showed a clinical pattern of hyperglycemia, with increases in the area of villi and crypts, lactulose:mannitol ratio, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and intestinal tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), but showed a reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) when these parameters were compared to the control. The MetS-D group had increased secretion of Na+, K+, Cl-, and water compared to the control group in ileal tissue. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in mRNA transcript of claudin-2, claudin-15, and NHE3 and increases of SGLT-1 and ZO-1 in the MetS-D group. These results showed that MetS-D triggered intestinal tissue inflammation, oxidative stress, complex alterations in gene regulatory protein transcriptions of intestinal transporters and tight junctions, damaging the IEBF and causing hydroelectrolyte secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.J.W.S. Siqueira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F.A.P. Rodrigues
- Departamento de Educação Física e Esporte, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - S.A. Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Departamento de Patologia e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - H.N. Veras
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - F.C.S. Ferreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - R.C.L. Siqueira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A.A. dos Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A. Havt
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
| | - A.A.M. Lima
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil
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Shafaei A, Hill CR, Hodgson JM, Blekkenhorst LC, Boyce MC. Simultaneous extraction and quantitative analysis of S-Methyl-l-Cysteine Sulfoxide, sulforaphane and glucosinolates in cruciferous vegetables by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101065. [PMID: 38187949 PMCID: PMC10767375 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulfur containing compounds including glucosinolates (GLS), sulforaphane (SFN) and S-methyl-l-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) have been proposed to be partly responsible for the beneficial health effects of cruciferous vegetables. As such, greater understanding of their measurements within foods is important to estimate intake in humans and to inform dietary intervention studies. Herein is described a simple and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of 20 GLS, SFN and SMCSO by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Analytes were effectively retained and resolved on an Xbridge C18 column. Detection can be achieved using high resolution or unit resolution mass spectrometry; the latter making the method more applicable to large studies. Quantitative analysis using calibration standards was demonstrated for 10 GLS, SFN and SMCSO. A further 10 GLS were tentatively identified using high resolution mass spectrometry. The use of surrogate GLS standards was shown to be unreliable, with closely related GLS displaying significantly different ionisation efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics & Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Caroline R. Hill
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan M. Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
| | - Lauren C. Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
| | - Mary C. Boyce
- School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
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6
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Hill CR, Haoci Liu A, McCahon L, Zhong L, Shafaei A, Balmer L, Lewis JR, Hodgson JM, Blekkenhorst LC. S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide and its potential role in human health: a scoping review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37819533 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2267133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Higher intakes of cruciferous and allium vegetables are associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic-related outcomes in observational studies. Whilst acknowledging the many healthy compounds within these vegetables, animal studies indicate that some of these beneficial effects may be partially mediated by S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO), a sulfur-rich, non-protein, amino acid found almost exclusively within cruciferous and alliums. This scoping review explores evidence for SMCSO, its potential roles in human health and possible mechanistic action. After systematically searching several databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus Full Text, Agricultural Science), we identified 21 original research articles meeting our inclusion criteria. These were limited primarily to animal and in vitro models, with 14/21 (67%) indicating favorable anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hypercholesterolemic, and antioxidant properties. Potential mechanisms included increased bile acid and sterol excretion, altered glucose- and cholesterol-related enzymes, and improved hepatic and pancreatic β-cell function. Raising antioxidant defenses may help mitigate the oxidative damage observed in these pathologies. Anticancer and antibacterial effects were also explored, along with one steroidogenic study. SMCSO is frequently overlooked as a potential mediator to the benefits of sulfur-rich vegetables. More research into the health benefits of SMCSO, especially for cardiometabolic and inflammatory-based pathology, is warranted. Human studies are especially needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Hill
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alex Haoci Liu
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lyn McCahon
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Liezhou Zhong
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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7
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Ingallina C, Di Matteo G, Spano M, Acciaro E, Campiglia E, Mannina L, Sobolev AP. Byproducts of Globe Artichoke and Cauliflower Production as a New Source of Bioactive Compounds in the Green Economy Perspective: An NMR Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031363. [PMID: 36771031 PMCID: PMC9919138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The recovery of bioactive compounds from crop byproducts leads to a new perspective way of waste reutilization as a part of the circular economy. The present study aimed at an exhaustive metabolite profile characterization of globe artichoke and cauliflower byproducts (leaves, stalks, and florets for cauliflower only) as a prerequisite for their valorization and future implementations. The metabolite profile of aqueous and organic extracts of byproducts was analyzed using the NMR-based metabolomics approach. Free amino acids, organic acids, sugars, polyols, polyphenols, amines, glucosinolates, fatty acids, phospho- and galactolipids, sterols, and sesquiterpene lactones were identified and quantified. In particular, globe artichoke byproducts are a source of health-beneficial compounds including chiro-inositol (up to 10.1 mg/g), scyllo-inositol (up to 1.8 mg/g), sesquiterpene lactones (cynaropicrin, grosheimin, dehydrocynaropicrin, up to 45.5 mg/g in total), inulins, and chlorogenic acid (up to 7.5 mg/g), whereas cauliflower byproducts enclose bioactive sulfur-containing compounds S-methyl-L-cysteine S-oxide (methiin, up to 20.7 mg/g) and glucosinolates. A variable content of all metabolites was observed depending on the crop type (globe artichoke vs. cauliflower) and the plant part (leaves vs. stalks). The results here reported can be potentially used in different ways, including the formulation of new plant biostimulants and food supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ingallina
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Di Matteo
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Spano
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Erica Acciaro
- “Annalaura Segre” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute for Biological Systems, CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Enio Campiglia
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Food Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Anatoly Petrovich Sobolev
- “Annalaura Segre” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Institute for Biological Systems, CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29,300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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8
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Nie L, Yan Q, Zhang S, Cao Y, Zhou X. Duodenal Mucosa: A New Target for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Endocr Pract 2023; 29:53-59. [PMID: 36309189 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2022.10.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE After a high-fat and high-sugar diet, the duodenal mucosa of rodents proliferate and trigger the signal of insulin resistance, which may be the cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In response to this phenomenon, researchers have designed the duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR) procedure, mainly through the hydrothermal ablation procedure, to restore the normal mucosal surface, thereby correcting this abnormal metabolic signal. This article aims to understand the changes in duodenum before and after the onset or treatment of T2D, and the potential mechanisms of DMR procedure. METHODS A literature search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted using appropriate keywords. RESULTS Both animal and clinical studies have shown that the villus thickness, intestinal cells, glucose transporters, enteric nerves, and gut microbiota and their metabolites in the duodenum undergo corresponding changes before and after the onset or treatment of T2D. These changes may be related to the pathogenesis of T2D. DMR procedure may produce beneficial glycemic and hepatic metabolic effects by regulating these changes. CONCLUSION The duodenum is an important metabolic signaling center, and limiting nutrient exposure to this critical region will have powerful metabolic benefits. The DMR procedure may regulate glycemic and hepatic parameters through various mechanisms, which needs to be further confirmed by a large number of animal and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiJuan Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - QianHua Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - YuTian Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - XiQiao Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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9
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Hill CR, Shafaei A, Balmer L, Lewis JR, Hodgson JM, Millar AH, Blekkenhorst LC. Sulfur compounds: From plants to humans and their role in chronic disease prevention. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8616-8638. [PMID: 35380479 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2057915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur is essential for the health of plants and is an indispensable dietary component for human health and disease prevention. Its incorporation into our food supply is heavily reliant upon the uptake of sulfur into plant tissue and our subsequent intake. Dietary requirements for sulfur are largely calculated based upon requirements for the sulfur-containing amino acids (SAA), cysteine and methionine, to meet the demands for synthesis of proteins, enzymes, co-enzymes, vitamins, and hormones. SAA are found in abundance in animal sources and are relatively low in plants. However, some plants, particularly cruciferous and allium vegetables, produce many protective sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, such as glucosinolates and cysteine sulfoxides. The variety and quantity of these sulfur-containing metabolites are extensive and their effects on human health are wide-reaching. Many benefits appear to be related to sulfur's role in redox biochemistry, protecting against uncontrolled oxidative stress and inflammation; features consistent within cardiometabolic dysfunction and many chronic metabolic diseases of aging. This narrative explores the origins and importance of sulfur, its incorporation into our food supply and dietary sources. It also explores the overarching potential of sulfur for human health, particularly around the amelioration of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, and subsequent chronic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Hill
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Centre for Diabetes Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Joshua R Lewis
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- Centre for Kidney Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Lauren C Blekkenhorst
- Nutrition & Health Innovation Research Institute, School of Medical and Health Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
- Royal Perth Hospital Research Foundation, Perth, Australia
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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10
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Gonçalves MG, Medeiros MA, de Lemos LIC, de Fátima Campos Pedrosa L, de Andrade Santos PP, Abreu BJ, Lima JPMS. Effects of Creatine Supplementation on Histopathological and Biochemical Parameters in the Kidney and Pancreas of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030431. [PMID: 35276790 PMCID: PMC8840440 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health concern, and projections state that cases will reach 578 million by 2030. Adjuvant therapies that can help the standard treatment and mitigate DM effects are necessary, especially those using nutritional supplements to improve glycemic control. Previous studies suggest creatine supplementation as a possible adjuvant therapy for DM, but they lack the evaluation of potential morphological parameters alterations and tissue injury caused by this compound. The present study aimed to elucidate clinical, histomorphometric, and histopathological consequences and the cellular oxidative alterations of creatine supplementation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 DM rats. We could estimate whether the findings are due to DM or the supplementation from a factorial experimental design. Although creatine supplementation attenuated some biochemical parameters, the morphological analyses of pancreatic and renal tissues made clear that the supplementation did not improve the STZ-induced DM1 injuries. Moreover, creatine-supplemented non-diabetic animals were diagnosed with pancreatitis and showed renal tubular necrosis. Therefore, even in the absence of clinical symptoms and unaltered biochemical parameters, creatine supplementation as adjuvant therapy for DM should be carefully evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meline Gomes Gonçalves
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Matheus Anselmo Medeiros
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Digital Metropolis Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-400, RN, Brazil;
| | | | - Lucia de Fátima Campos Pedrosa
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59.078-970, RN, Brazil; (L.I.C.d.L.); (L.d.F.C.P.)
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos
- Structural and Functional Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
- Biosciences Center, Morphology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - Bento João Abreu
- Biosciences Center, Morphology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
| | - João Paulo Matos Santos Lima
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-970, RN, Brazil;
- Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Digital Metropolis Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-400, RN, Brazil;
- Correspondence:
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