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Wang X, Cao L, Liu S, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Zhao W, Gao S, Liu R, Shi Y, Shao C, Fang J. The critical roles of IGFs in immune modulation and inflammation. Cytokine 2024; 183:156750. [PMID: 39243567 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are crucial for embryonic and postnatal growth and development, influencing cell survival, metabolism, myogenesis, and cancer progression. Many studies have demonstrated that IGFs also play prominent roles in the modulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems during inflammation. Strikingly, IGFs dictate the phenotype and functional properties of macrophages and T cells. Furthermore, the interplay between IGFs and inflammatory cytokines may generate tissue-protective properties during inflammation. Herein, we review the recent advances on the dialogue between immune cells and IGFs, especially zooming in on the significance of immunomodulatory properties in inflammatory conditions, cancer and autoimmune diseases. The investigation of IGFs may have broad clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Shisong Liu
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Zhou
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengqi Gao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Liu
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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2
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Cullen PF, Gammerdinger WJ, Sui SJH, Mazumder AG, Sun D. Transcriptional profiling of retinal astrocytes identifies a specific marker and points to functional specialization. Glia 2024; 72:1604-1628. [PMID: 38785355 PMCID: PMC11262981 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Astrocyte heterogeneity is an increasingly prominent research topic, and studies in the brain have demonstrated substantial variation in astrocyte form and function, both between and within regions. In contrast, retinal astrocytes are not well understood and remain incompletely characterized. Along with optic nerve astrocytes, they are responsible for supporting retinal ganglion cell axons and an improved understanding of their role is required. We have used a combination of microdissection and Ribotag immunoprecipitation to isolate ribosome-associated mRNA from retinal astrocytes and investigate their transcriptome, which we also compared to astrocyte populations in the optic nerve. Astrocytes from these regions are transcriptionally distinct, and we identified retina-specific astrocyte genes and pathways. Moreover, although they share much of the "classical" gene expression patterns of astrocytes, we uncovered unexpected variation, including in genes related to core astrocyte functions. We additionally identified the transcription factor Pax8 as a highly specific marker of retinal astrocytes and demonstrated that these astrocytes populate not only the retinal surface, but also the prelaminar region at the optic nerve head. These findings are likely to contribute to a revised understanding of the role of astrocytes in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Cullen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - William J Gammerdinger
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Shannan J Ho Sui
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Arpan G Mazumder
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - Daniel Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114 USA
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3
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Kafida M, Karela M, Giakountis A. RNA-Independent Regulatory Functions of lncRNA in Complex Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2728. [PMID: 39123456 PMCID: PMC11311644 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
During the metagenomics era, high-throughput sequencing efforts both in mice and humans indicate that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute a significant fraction of the transcribed genome. During the past decades, the regulatory role of these non-coding transcripts along with their interactions with other molecules have been extensively characterized. However, the study of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), an ncRNA regulatory class with transcript lengths that exceed 200 nucleotides, revealed that certain non-coding transcripts are transcriptional "by-products", while their loci exert their downstream regulatory functions through RNA-independent mechanisms. Such mechanisms include, but are not limited to, chromatin interactions and complex promoter-enhancer competition schemes that involve the underlying ncRNA locus with or without its nascent transcription, mediating significant or even exclusive roles in the regulation of downstream target genes in mammals. Interestingly, such RNA-independent mechanisms often drive pathological manifestations, including oncogenesis. In this review, we summarize selective examples of lncRNAs that regulate target genes independently of their produced transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonis Giakountis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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4
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Wang T, Tang Y, Xia Y, Zhang Q, Cao S, Bie M, Kang F. IGF2 promotes alveolar bone regeneration in murine periodontitis via inhibiting cGAS/STING-mediated M1 macrophage polarization. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111984. [PMID: 38565043 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with the destruction of supporting periodontal tissue. This study evaluated the role of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in periodontitis by inhibiting the polarization of M1 macrophages via the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. IGF2 was enriched in the gingival tissue of murine periodontitis model identified by RNA sequencing. IGF2 application alleviated the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and promoted osteogenesis and the expression of related genes and proteins in a dose-dependent manner in periodontitis. The result of micro-CT verified this finding. Both in vivo and in vitro results revealed that IGF2 decreased the polarization of M1 macrophages and pro-inflammatory factors by immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, western blotting and RT-PCR. IGF2 application promoted the osteogenic ability of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) indirectly via its inhibition of M1 polarization evaluated by alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining. Then, the cGAS/STING pathway was upregulated in periodontitis and macrophages challenged by LPS, the inhibition of which led to downregulation of M1 polarization. Furthermore, IGF2 could downregulate cGAS, STING and the phosphorylation of P65. Collectively, our study indicates IGF2 can regulate the polarization of M1 macrophages via the cGAS/STING pathway and highlights the promising future of IGF2 as a therapeutic treatment for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tairan Wang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxing Xia
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaokang Cao
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Bie
- Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiwu Kang
- Stomatological Hospital and Dental School of Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China.
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Fernández-Pereira C, Penedo MA, Alonso-Núñez A, Rivera-Baltanás T, Viéitez I, Prieto-González JM, Vilariño-Vilariño MI, Olivares JM, Ortolano S, Agís-Balboa RC. Plasma IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 levels are decreased during acute manic episodes in bipolar disorder patients. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1384198. [PMID: 38720780 PMCID: PMC11076695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1384198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a recurrent and disabling psychiatric disorder related to low-grade peripheral inflammation and altered levels of the members of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma levels of IGF-2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), IGFBP-3, IGFBP-5, IGFBP-7, and inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (MIP-1β). Methods: We used the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) to determine the severity of the symptomatology, while proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We included 20 patients with BD who suffered a manic episode and 20 controls. Some BD patients (n = 10) were evaluated after a period (17 ± 8 days) of pharmacological treatment. Results: No statistical difference was found in IGF-2, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-7, TNF-α, and MIP-1β levels. However, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 levels were found to be statistically decreased in BD patients. Conversely, the MCP-1 level was significantly increased in BD patients, but their levels were normalized after treatment. Intriguingly, only IGFBP-1 levels were significantly decreased after treatment. No significant correlation was found between the YMRS and any of the proteins studied either before or after treatment or between IGF proteins and inflammatory markers. Discussion: To some extent, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 might be further explored as potential indicators of treatment responsiveness or diagnosis biomarkers in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Pereira
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Vigo, Spain
- Neuro Epigenetics Lab, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Servizo Galego de Saúde-Universidade de Vigo (SERGAS-UVIGO), Vigo, Spain
- Translational Research in Neurological Diseases Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, SERGAS-USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Aránzazu Penedo
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Vigo, Spain
| | - Adrián Alonso-Núñez
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Servizo Galego de Saúde-Universidade de Vigo (SERGAS-UVIGO), Vigo, Spain
| | - Tania Rivera-Baltanás
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Vigo, Spain
| | - Irene Viéitez
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Servizo Galego de Saúde-Universidade de Vigo (SERGAS-UVIGO), Vigo, Spain
| | - José María Prieto-González
- Neuro Epigenetics Lab, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Research in Neurological Diseases Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, SERGAS-USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Neurology Service, Santiago University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Isabel Vilariño-Vilariño
- Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Manuel Olivares
- Translational Neuroscience Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Área Sanitaria de Vigo-Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, SERGAS-UVIGO, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Vigo, Spain
| | - Saida Ortolano
- Rare Disease and Pediatric Medicine Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Servizo Galego de Saúde-Universidade de Vigo (SERGAS-UVIGO), Vigo, Spain
| | - Roberto Carlos Agís-Balboa
- Neuro Epigenetics Lab, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Research in Neurological Diseases Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Hospital Complex, SERGAS-USC, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Neurology Service, Santiago University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Ma J, Liu D, Zhao J, Fang X, Bu D. Unraveling the immunogenetic landscape of autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive bioinformatics approach. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347139. [PMID: 38726016 PMCID: PMC11080648 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a disease characterized by social disorder. Recently, the population affected by ASD has gradually increased around the world. There are great difficulties in diagnosis and treatment at present. Methods The ASD datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the immune-relevant genes were downloaded from a previously published compilation. Subsequently, we used WGCNA to screen the modules related to the ASD and immune. We also choose the best combination and screen out the core genes from Consensus Machine Learning Driven Signatures (CMLS). Subsequently, we evaluated the genetic correlation between immune cells and ASD used GNOVA. And pleiotropic regions identified by PLACO and CPASSOC between ASD and immune cells. FUMA was used to identify pleiotropic regions, and expression trait loci (EQTL) analysis was used to determine their expression in different tissues and cells. Finally, we use qPCR to detect the gene expression level of the core gene. Results We found a close relationship between neutrophils and ASD, and subsequently, CMLS identified a total of 47 potential candidate genes. Secondly, GNOVA showed a significant genetic correlation between neutrophils and ASD, and PLACO and CPASSOC identified a total of 14 pleiotropic regions. We annotated the 14 regions mentioned above and identified a total of 6 potential candidate genes. Through EQTL, we found that the CFLAR gene has a specific expression pattern in neutrophils, suggesting that it may serve as a potential biomarker for ASD and is closely related to its pathogenesis. Conclusions In conclusion, our study yields unprecedented insights into the molecular and genetic heterogeneity of ASD through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. These valuable findings hold significant implications for tailoring personalized ASD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Ma
- Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Deyang Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Xiaolu Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Dengyin Bu
- Department of Psychiatric Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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Pileggi S, Colombo EA, Ancona S, Quadri R, Bernardelli C, Colapietro P, Taiana M, Fontana L, Miozzo M, Lesma E, Sirchia SM. Dysfunction in IGF2R Pathway and Associated Perturbations in Autophagy and WNT Processes in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3586. [PMID: 38612397 PMCID: PMC11011696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) is an imprinting disorder characterized by overgrowth, stemming from various genetic and epigenetic changes. This study delves into the role of IGF2 upregulation in BWS, focusing on insulin-like growth factor pathways, which are poorly known in this syndrome. We examined the IGF2R, the primary receptor of IGF2, WNT, and autophagy/lysosomal pathways in BWS patient-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines, showing different genetic and epigenetic defects. The findings reveal a decreased expression and mislocalization of IGF2R protein, suggesting receptor dysfunction. Additionally, our results point to a dysregulation in the AKT/GSK-3/mTOR pathway, along with imbalances in autophagy and the WNT pathway. In conclusion, BWS cells, regardless of the genetic/epigenetic profiles, are characterized by alteration of the IGF2R pathway that is associated with the perturbation of the autophagy and lysosome processes. These alterations seem to be a key point of the molecular pathogenesis of BWS and potentially contribute to BWS's characteristic overgrowth and cancer susceptibility. Our study also uncovers alterations in the WNT pathway across all BWS cell lines, consistent with its role in growth regulation and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Pileggi
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy; (S.P.)
| | - Elisa A. Colombo
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy; (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Ancona
- Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy (E.L.)
| | - Roberto Quadri
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clara Bernardelli
- Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy (E.L.)
| | - Patrizia Colapietro
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Taiana
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Fontana
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy; (S.P.)
- Unit of Medical Genetics, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Miozzo
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy; (S.P.)
- Unit of Medical Genetics, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Lesma
- Pharmacology, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy (E.L.)
| | - Silvia M. Sirchia
- Medical Genetics, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy; (S.P.)
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Romero-Zerbo SY, Valverde N, Claros S, Zamorano-Gonzalez P, Boraldi F, Lofaro FD, Lara E, Pavia J, Garcia-Fernandez M, Gago B, Martin-Montañez E. New molecular mechanisms to explain the neuroprotective effects of insulin-like growth factor II in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00049-3. [PMID: 38341032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One of the hallmarks of Parkinsońs Disease (PD) is oxidative distress, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration. Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) has been proven to have antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in some neurodegenerative diseases, including PD. Consequently, there isgrowing interest in understanding the different mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effect of this hormone. OBJECTIVES To clarify the mechanism of action of IGF-II involved in the protective effect of this hormone. METHODS The present study was carried out on a cellular model PD based on the incubation of dopaminergic cells (SN4741) in a culture with the toxic 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), in the presence of IGF-II. This model undertakes proteomic analyses in order to understand which molecular cell pathways might be involved in the neuroprotective effect of IGF-II. The most important proteins found in the proteomic study were tested by Western blot, colorimetric enzymatic activity assay and immunocytochemistry. Along with the proteomic study, mitochondrial morphology and function were also studied by transmission electron microscopy and oxygen consumption rate. The cell cycle was also analysed using 7AAd/BrdU staining, and flow cytometry. RESULTS The results obtained indicate that MPP+, MPP++IGF-II treatment and IGF-II, when compared to control, modified the expression of 197, 246 proteins and 207 respectively. Some of these proteins were found to be involved in mitochondrial structure and function, and cell cycle regulation. Including IGF-II in the incubation medium prevents the cell damage induced by MPP+, recovering mitochondrial function and cell cycle dysregulation, and thereby decreasing apoptosis. CONCLUSION IGF-II improves mitochondrial dynamics by promoting the association of Mitofilin with mitochondria, regaining function and redox homeostasis. It also rebalances the cell cycle, reducing the amount of apoptosis and cell death by the regulation of transcription factors, such as Checkpoint kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana-Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Nadia Valverde
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Silvia Claros
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Pablo Zamorano-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita. Patologia Generale, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia 4112, Italy
| | - Francesco-Demetrio Lofaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Della Vita. Patologia Generale, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia 4112, Italy
| | - Estrella Lara
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Jose Pavia
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain.
| | - Maria Garcia-Fernandez
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain.
| | - Belen Gago
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
| | - Elisa Martin-Montañez
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga 29010, Spain
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9
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Pizzarelli R, Pimpinella D, Jacobs C, Tartacca A, Kullolli U, Monyer H, Alberini CM, Griguoli M. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) rescues social deficits in NLG3 -/y mouse model of ASDs. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 17:1332179. [PMID: 38298376 PMCID: PMC10827848 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1332179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) comprise developmental disabilities characterized by impairments of social interaction and repetitive behavior, often associated with cognitive deficits. There is no current treatment that can ameliorate most of the ASDs symptomatology; thus, identifying novel therapies is urgently needed. Here, we used the Neuroligin 3 knockout mouse (NLG3-/y), a model that recapitulates the social deficits reported in ASDs patients, to test the effects of systemic administration of IGF-2, a polypeptide that crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts as a cognitive enhancer. We show that systemic IGF-2 treatment reverses the typical defects in social interaction and social novelty discrimination reflective of ASDs-like phenotypes. This effect was not accompanied by any change in spontaneous glutamatergic synaptic transmission in CA2 hippocampal region, a mechanism found to be crucial for social novelty discrimination. However, in both NLG3+/y and NLG3-/y mice IGF-2 increased cell excitability. Although further investigation is needed to clarify the cellular and molecular mechanisms underpinning IGF-2 effect on social behavior, our findings highlight IGF-2 as a potential pharmacological tool for the treatment of social dysfunctions associated with ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hannah Monyer
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Neurobiology at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Marilena Griguoli
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology of the National Council of Research (IBPM-CNR), Rome, Italy
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Arcos J, Grunenwald F, Sepulveda D, Jerez C, Urbina V, Huerta T, Troncoso-Escudero P, Tirado D, Perez A, Diaz-Espinoza R, Nova E, Kubitscheck U, Rodriguez-Gatica JE, Hetz C, Toledo J, Ahumada P, Rojas-Rivera D, Martín-Montañez E, Garcia-Fernandez M, Vidal RL. IGF2 prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss and decreases intracellular alpha-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:438. [PMID: 38042807 PMCID: PMC10693583 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common late-onset neurodegenerative disease and the predominant cause of movement problems. PD is characterized by motor control impairment by extensive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). This selective dopaminergic neuronal loss is in part triggered by intracellular protein inclusions called Lewy bodies, which are composed mainly of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein. We previously reported insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) as a key protein downregulated in PD patients. Here we demonstrated that IGF2 treatment or IGF2 overexpression reduced the α-syn aggregates and their toxicity by IGF2 receptor (IGF2R) activation in cellular PD models. Also, we observed IGF2 and its interaction with IGF2R enhance the α-syn secretion. To determine the possible IGF2 neuroprotective effect in vivo we used a gene therapy approach in an idiopathic PD model based on α-syn preformed fibrils intracerebral injection. IGF2 gene therapy revealed a significantly preventing of motor impairment in idiopathic PD model. Moreover, IGF2 expression prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SN together with a decrease in α-syn accumulation (phospho-α-syn levels) in the striatum and SN brain region. Furthermore, the IGF2 neuroprotective effect was associated with the prevention of synaptic spines loss in dopaminergic neurons in vivo. The possible mechanism of IGF2 in cell survival effect could be associated with the decrease of the intracellular accumulation of α-syn and the improvement of dopaminergic synaptic function. Our results identify to IGF2 as a relevant factor for the prevention of α-syn toxicity in both in vitro and preclinical PD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Arcos
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Grunenwald
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Sepulveda
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Jerez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Urbina
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Huerta
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Troncoso-Escudero
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Molecular Diagnostic and Biomarkers Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Tirado
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angela Perez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Diaz-Espinoza
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esteban Nova
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulrich Kubitscheck
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Toledo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Ahumada
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Rojas-Rivera
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Biomedicine, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisa Martín-Montañez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - María Garcia-Fernandez
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - René L Vidal
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
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Nuñez A, Zegarra-Valdivia J, Fernandez de Sevilla D, Pignatelli J, Torres Aleman I. The neurobiology of insulin-like growth factor I: From neuroprotection to modulation of brain states. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3220-3230. [PMID: 37353586 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
After decades of research in the neurobiology of IGF-I, its role as a prototypical neurotrophic factor is undisputed. However, many of its actions in the adult brain indicate that this growth factor is not only involved in brain development or in the response to injury. Following a three-layer assessment of its role in the central nervous system, we consider that at the cellular level, IGF-I is indeed a bona fide neurotrophic factor, modulating along ontogeny the generation and function of all the major types of brain cells, contributing to sculpt brain architecture and adaptive responses to damage. At the circuit level, IGF-I modulates neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity at multiple sites, whereas at the system level, IGF-I intervenes in energy allocation, proteostasis, circadian cycles, mood, and cognition. Local and peripheral sources of brain IGF-I input contribute to a spatially restricted, compartmentalized, and timed modulation of brain activity. To better define these variety of actions, we consider IGF-I a modulator of brain states. This definition aims to reconcile all aspects of IGF-I neurobiology, and may provide a new conceptual framework in the design of future research on the actions of this multitasking neuromodulator in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nuñez
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neurosciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Zegarra-Valdivia
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Perú
| | - D Fernandez de Sevilla
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neurosciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pignatelli
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Torres Aleman
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.
- Ikerbasque Science Foundation, Bilbao, Spain.
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