1
|
Nowak E, Kammerer S, Küpper JH. ATP-based cell viability assay is superior to trypan blue exclusion and XTT assay in measuring cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs Taxol and Imatinib, and proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 69:327-336. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-189120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Nowak
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Kammerer
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Jan-Heiner Küpper
- Institute of Biotechnology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lundstrom K. Cell-impedance-based label-free technology for the identification of new drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:335-343. [PMID: 28276704 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1297419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug discovery has progressed from relatively simple binding or activity screening assays to high-throughput screening of sophisticated compound libraries with emphasis on miniaturization and automation. The development of functional assays has enhanced the success rate in discovering novel drug molecules. Many technologies, originally based on radioactive labeling, have sequentially been replaced by methods based on fluorescence labeling. Recently, the focus has switched to label-free technologies in cell-based screening assays. Areas covered: Label-free, cell-impedance-based methods comprise of different technologies including surface plasmon resonance, mass spectrometry and biosensors applied for screening of anticancer drugs, G protein-coupled receptors, receptor tyrosine kinase and virus inhibitors, drug and nanoparticle cytotoxicity. Many of the developed methods have been used for high-throughput screening in cell lines. Cell viability and morphological damage prediction have been monitored in three-dimensional spheroid human HT-29 carcinoma cells and whole Schistosomula larvae. Expert opinion: Progress in label-free, cell-impedance-based technologies has facilitated drug screening and may enhance the discovery of potential novel drug molecules through, and improve target molecule identification in, alternative signal pathways. The variety of technologies to measure cellular responses through label-free cell-impedance based approaches all support future drug development and should provide excellent assets for finding better medicines.
Collapse
|
3
|
Comparative safety evaluation of silica-based particles. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 30:355-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
4
|
High-content screening imaging and real-time cellular impedance monitoring for the assessment of chemical’s bio-activation with regards hepatotoxicity. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1916-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
5
|
Seeland S, Kettiger H, Murphy M, Treiber A, Giller J, Kiss A, Sube R, Krähenbühl S, Hafner M, Huwyler J. ATP-induced cellular stress and mitochondrial toxicity in cells expressing purinergic P2X7 receptor. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2015; 3:e00123. [PMID: 26038699 PMCID: PMC4448979 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Under pathological conditions, the purinergic P2X7 receptor is activated by elevated concentrations of extracellular ATP. Thereby, the receptor forms a slowly dilating pore, allowing cations and, upon prolonged stimulation, large molecules to enter the cell. This process has a strong impact on cell signaling, metabolism, and viability. This study aimed to establish a link between gradual P2X7 activation and pharmacological endpoints including oxidative stress, hydrogen peroxide generation, and cytotoxicity. Mechanisms of cellular stress and cytotoxicity were studied in P2X7-transfected HEK293 cells. We performed real-time monitoring of metabolic and respiratory activity of cells expressing the P2X7-receptor protein using a cytosensor system. Agonistic effects were monitored using exogenously applied ATP or the stable analogue BzATP. Oxidative stress induced by ATP or BzATP in target cells was monitored by hydrogen peroxide release in human mononuclear blood cells. P2X7-receptor activation was studied by patch-clamp experiments using a primary mouse microglia cell line. Stimulation of the P2X7 receptor leads to ion influx, metabolic activation of target cells, and ultimately cytotoxicity. Conversion of the P2X7 receptor from a small cation channel to a large pore occurring under prolonged stimulation can be monitored in real time covering a time frame of milliseconds to hours. Selectivity of the effects can be demonstrated using the selective P2X7-receptor antagonist AZD9056. Our findings established a direct link between P2X7-receptor activation by extracellular ATP or BzATP and cellular events culminating in cytotoxicity. Mechanisms of toxicity include metabolic and oxidative stress, increase in intracellular calcium concentration and disturbance of mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial toxicity is suggested to be a key event leading to cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swen Seeland
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland ; Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Applied Science Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hélène Kettiger
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mark Murphy
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Treiber
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Giller
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Kiss
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Romain Sube
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd Gewerbestrasse 16, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Krähenbühl
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital of Basel 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Hafner
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Applied Science Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caviglia C, Zór K, Montini L, Tilli V, Canepa S, Melander F, Muhammad HB, Carminati M, Ferrari G, Raiteri R, Heiskanen A, Andresen TL, Emnéus J. Impedimetric toxicity assay in microfluidics using free and liposome-encapsulated anticancer drugs. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2204-12. [PMID: 25582124 DOI: 10.1021/ac503621d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have developed a microfluidic cytotoxicity assay for a cell culture and detection platform, which enables both fluid handling and electrochemical/optical detection. The cytotoxic effect of anticancer drugs doxorubicin (DOX), oxaliplatin (OX) as well as OX-loaded liposomes, developed for targeted drug delivery, was evaluated using real-time impedance monitoring. The time-dependent effect of DOX on HeLa cells was monitored and found to have a delayed onset of cytotoxicity in microfluidics compared with static culture conditions based on data obtained in our previous study. The result of a fluorescent microscopic annexin V/propidium iodide assay, performed in microfluidics, confirmed the outcome of the real-time impedance assay. In addition, the response of HeLa cells to OX-induced cytotoxicity proved to be slower than toxicity induced by DOX. A difference in the time-dependent cytotoxic response of fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080) to free OX and OX-loaded liposomes was observed and attributed to incomplete degradation of the liposomes, which results in lower drug availability. The matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent release of OX from OX-loaded liposomes was also confirmed using laryngopharynx carcinoma cells (FaDu). The comparison and the observed differences between the cytotoxic effects under microfluidic and static conditions highlight the importance of comparative studies as basis for implementation of microfluidic cytotoxic assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Caviglia
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark , DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cui HM, Zhang QY, Wang JL, Chen JL, Zhang YL, Tong XL. In vitro studies of berberine metabolism and its effect of enzyme induction on HepG2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 158 Pt A:388-396. [PMID: 25456436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Berberine (BER) and BER-original herbal medicines have a variety of pharmacological functions and have been widely used in clinical. However, its effect of enzyme induction on cytochrome P450 (CYP) in human hepatocytes is unknown. MATERIAL AND METHOD Metabolism of berberine and its effect on main metabolic enzymes in HepG2 cell in vitro was investigated. Cocktail probe drugs, mRNA expression and protein expression were used to evaluate the metabolism potency. Meanwhile, an UPLC-MS/MS method was validated for the analysis of BER and four probe drugs in HepG2 cell. RESULT BER significantly increased the metabolism of midazolam, phenacetin and tolbutamide by inducing the CYP1A2 and 3A4 enzyme in a dose-dependent manner, the mRNA and protein expression of CYP1A2 and 3A4 were increased by berberine at 1000ng·mL(-1). The activity of CYP1A2 and 3A4 could be induced by BER more than 500ng·mL(-1) in HepG2 cell, which was confirmed by the increase of its mRNA and protein expression. CONCLUSION BER increases the metabolism of cocktail drugs such as midazolam, phenacetin and tolbutamide by increasing the mRNA and protein expression of CYP1A2 and 3A4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ming Cui
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Qiu-Yan Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jia-Long Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jian-Long Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yu-Ling Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Spincemaille P, Alborzinia H, Dekervel J, Windmolders P, van Pelt J, Cassiman D, Cheneval O, Craik DJ, Schur J, Ott I, Wölfl S, Cammue BPA, Thevissen K. The plant decapeptide OSIP108 can alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction induced by cisplatin in human cells. Molecules 2014; 19:15088-102. [PMID: 25244288 PMCID: PMC6271462 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190915088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the Arabidopsis thaliana-derived decapeptide OSIP108 on human cell tolerance to the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (Cp), which induces apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. We found that OSIP108 increases the tolerance of HepG2 cells to Cp and prevents Cp-induced changes in basic cellular metabolism. More specifically, we demonstrate that OSIP108 reduces Cp-induced inhibition of respiration, decreases glycolysis and prevents Cp-uptake in HepG2 cells. Apart from its protective action against Cp in human cells, OSIP108 also increases the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae tolerance to Cp. A limited yeast-based study of OSIP108 analogs showed that cyclization does not severely affect its activity, which was further confirmed in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the similarity in the activity of the d-stereoisomer (mirror image) form of OSIP108 with the l-stereoisomer suggests that its mode of action does not involve binding to a stereospecific receptor. In addition, as OSIP108 decreases Cp uptake in HepG2 cells and the anti-Cp activity of OSIP108 analogs without free cysteine is reduced, OSIP108 seems to protect against Cp-induced toxicity only partly via complexation. Taken together, our data indicate that OSIP108 and its cyclic derivatives can protect against Cp-induced toxicity and, thus, show potential as treatment options for mitochondrial dysfunction- and apoptosis-related conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Spincemaille
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - Hamed Alborzinia
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Jeroen Dekervel
- Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Petra Windmolders
- Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jos van Pelt
- Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - David Cassiman
- Department of Hepatology and Metabolic Center, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Olivier Cheneval
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Old 4072, Australia
| | - David J Craik
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Old 4072, Australia
| | - Julia Schur
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität, Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Ingo Ott
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität, Braunschweig, Beethovenstrasse 55, Braunschweig 38106, Germany
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Heverlee 3001, Belgium.
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics (CMPG), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Camblin M, Detampel P, Kettiger H, Wu D, Balasubramanian V, Huwyler J. Polymersomes containing quantum dots for cellular imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2287-98. [PMID: 24872691 PMCID: PMC4026565 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s59189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are highly fluorescent and stable probes for cellular and molecular imaging. However, poor intracellular delivery, stability, and toxicity of QDs in biological compartments hamper their use in cellular imaging. To overcome these limitations, we developed a simple and effective method to load QDs into polymersomes (Ps) made of poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(2-methyloxazoline) (PDMS-PMOXA) diblock copolymers without compromising the characteristics of the QDs. These Ps showed no cellular toxicity and QDs were successfully incorporated into the aqueous compartment of the Ps as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Ps containing QDs showed colloidal stability over a period of 6 weeks if stored in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at physiological pH (7.4). Efficient intracellular delivery of Ps containing QDs was achieved in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) and was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Ps containing QDs showed a time- and concentration-dependent uptake in HepG2 cells and exhibited better intracellular stability than liposomes. Our results suggest that Ps containing QDs can be used as nanoprobes for cellular imaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Camblin
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Detampel
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helene Kettiger
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dalin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jörg Huwyler
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Antibiotics are the medical wonder of our age, but an increasing frequency of resistance among key pathogens is rendering them less effective. If this trend continues the consequences for cancer patients, organ transplant patients, and indeed the general community could be disastrous. The problem is complex, involving abuse and overuse of antibiotics (selecting for an increasing frequency of resistant bacteria), together with a lack of investment in discovery and development (resulting in an almost dry drug development pipeline). Remedial approaches to the problem should include taking measures to reduce the selective pressures for resistance development, and taking measures to incentivize renewed investment in antibiotic discovery and development. Bringing new antibiotics to the clinic is critical because this is currently the only realistic therapy that can ensure the level of infection control required for many medical procedures. Here we outline the complex process involved in taking a potential novel antibiotic from the initial discovery of a hit molecule, through lead and candidate drug development, up to its entry into phase I clinical trials. The stringent criteria that a successful drug must meet, balancing high efficacy in vivo against a broad spectrum of pathogens, with minimal liabilities against human targets, explain why even with sufficient investment this process is prone to a high failure rate. This emphasizes the need to create a well-funded antibiotic discovery and development pipeline that can sustain the continuous delivery of novel candidate drugs into clinical trials, to ensure the maintenance of the advanced medical procedures we currently take for granted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diarmaid Hughes
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biomedical Center, Box 582, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Karlén
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Center, Box 574, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen S, Xuan J, Wan L, Lin H, Couch L, Mei N, Dobrovolsky VN, Guo L. Sertraline, an antidepressant, induces apoptosis in hepatic cells through the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Toxicol Sci 2013; 137:404-15. [PMID: 24194395 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertraline is generally used for the treatment of depression and is also approved for the treatment of panic, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders. Previously, using rat primary hepatocytes and isolated mitochondria, we demonstrated that sertraline caused hepatic cytotoxicity and mitochondrial impairment. In the current study, we investigated and characterized molecular mechanisms of sertraline toxicity in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Sertraline decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Sertraline activated the intrinsic checkpoint protein caspase-9 and caused the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol; this process was Bcl-2 family dependent because antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins were decreased. Pretreatment of the HepG2 cells with caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 inhibitors partially but significantly reduced the release of lactate dehydrogenase, indicating that sertraline-induced apoptosis is mediated by both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Moreover, sertraline markedly increased the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the phosphorylation of JNK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), and p38. In sertraline-treated cells, the induction of apoptosis and cell death was shown to be the result of activation of JNK, but not ERK1/2 or p38 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Furthermore, silencing MAP4K4, the upstream kinase of JNK, attenuated both apoptosis and cell death caused by sertraline. Taken together, our findings suggest that sertraline induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells at least partially via activation of the TNF-MAP4K4-JNK cascade signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- * Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR 72079
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|