1
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Sciurti E, Blasi L, Prontera CT, Barca A, Giampetruzzi L, Verri T, Siciliano PA, Francioso L. TEER and Ion Selective Transwell-Integrated Sensors System for Caco-2 Cell Model. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:496. [PMID: 36984903 PMCID: PMC10054836 DOI: 10.3390/mi14030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of ions in real-time directly in cell culture systems and in organ-on-a-chip platforms represents a significant investigation tool to understand ion regulation and distribution in the body and ions' involvement in biological mechanisms and specific pathologies. Innovative flexible sensors coupling electrochemical stripping analysis (square wave anodic stripping voltammetry, SWASV) with an ion selective membrane (ISM) were developed and integrated in Transwell™ cell culture systems to investigate the transport of zinc and copper ions across a human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayer. The fabricated ion-selective sensors demonstrated good sensitivity (1 × 10-11 M ion concentration) and low detection limits, consistent with pathophysiological cellular concentration ranges. A non-invasive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, in situ, across a selected spectrum of frequencies (10-105 Hz), and an equivalent circuit fitting were employed to obtain useful electrical parameters for cellular barrier integrity monitoring. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) data and immunofluorescent images were used to validate the intestinal epithelial integrity and the permeability enhancer effect of ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) treatment. The proposed devices represent a real prospective tool for monitoring cellular and molecular events and for studies on gut metabolism/permeability. They will enable a rapid integration of these sensors into gut-on-chip systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Sciurti
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Laura Blasi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Carmela Tania Prontera
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Lucia Giampetruzzi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Tiziano Verri
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Pietro Aleardo Siciliano
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Francioso
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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2
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Wang L, Han J, Su W, Li A, Zhang W, Li H, Hu H, Song W, Xu C, Chen J. Gut-on-a-chip for exploring the transport mechanism of Hg(II). MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:2. [PMID: 36597512 PMCID: PMC9805456 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Animal models and static cultures of intestinal epithelial cells are commonly used platforms for exploring mercury ion (Hg(II)) transport. However, they cannot reliably simulate the human intestinal microenvironment and monitor cellular physiology in situ; thus, the mechanism of Hg(II) transport in the human intestine is still unclear. Here, a gut-on-a-chip integrated with transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) sensors and electrochemical sensors is proposed for dynamically simulating the formation of the physical intestinal barrier and monitoring the transport and absorption of Hg(II) in situ. The cellular microenvironment was recreated by applying fluid shear stress (0.02 dyne/cm2) and cyclic mechanical strain (1%, 0.15 Hz). Hg(II) absorption and physical damage to cells were simultaneously monitored by electrochemical and TEER sensors when intestinal epithelial cells were exposed to different concentrations of Hg(II) mixed in culture medium. Hg(II) absorption increased by 23.59% when tensile strain increased from 1% to 5%, and the corresponding expression of Piezo1 and DMT1 on the cell surface was upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Junlei Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Weiguang Su
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Anqing Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Wenxian Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Huili Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education and Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, China
- The Research Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong University, 250012 Jinan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Chonghai Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250353 China
- Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan, 250353 China
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3
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Ventre S, Desai G, Roberson R, Kordas K. Toxic metal exposures from infant diets: Risk prevention strategies for caregivers and health care professionals. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2022; 52:101276. [PMID: 36266220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Concerns are growing regarding the presence of toxic elements such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) in the ingredients and prepared foods for infants and young children. There are few clear, evidence-based, guidelines on the maximum tolerable limits of toxicants in foods and little understanding of toxicant exposure or adverse health effects attributable to dietary exposure. Caregivers are faced with the burden of making decisions about which foods to select, how often to feed them to their children, and what foods to limit. This article reviews the current literature and existing recommendations on dietary exposure to toxic elements in children under 2 years of age, and their health effects in early childhood-focusing on growth, neurodevelopment, and immune function. The article also outlines best practices for healthcare providers to address the concerns of toxic element exposure through the diet in young children. Several foods consistently appear in the literature as potential sources of toxic element exposure. Contaminated drinking and cooking water, including water used to prepare infant formula, could also be a major exposure source. In the absence of stronger evidence on effects of dietary modification, exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age, followed by a diverse diet are some strategies to reduce dietary toxic element exposure while ensuring an adequate and balanced nutrient intake. Healthcare providers can support families by sharing information and encouraging blood Pb testing, the only element for which such testing is currently recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ventre
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, USA; New York State Children's Environmental Health Center, USA.
| | - Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
| | | | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, USA
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4
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Bolan S, Seshadri B, Keely S, Kunhikrishnan A, Bruce J, Grainge I, Talley NJ, Naidu R. Bioavailability of arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury as measured by intestinal permeability. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14675. [PMID: 34282255 PMCID: PMC8289861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the intestinal permeability of metal(loid)s (MLs) such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg) was examined, as influenced by gut microbes and chelating agents using an in vitro gastrointestinal/Caco-2 cell intestinal epithelium model. The results showed that in the presence of gut microbes or chelating agents, there was a significant decrease in the permeability of MLs (As-7.5%, Cd-6.3%, Pb-7.9% and Hg-8.2%) as measured by apparent permeability coefficient value (Papp), with differences in ML retention and complexation amongst the chelants and the gut microbes. The decrease in ML permeability varied amongst the MLs. Chelating agents reduce intestinal absorption of MLs by forming complexes thereby making them less permeable. In the case of gut bacteria, the decrease in the intestinal permeability of MLs may be associated to a direct protection of the intestinal barrier against the MLs or indirect intestinal ML sequestration by the gut bacteria through adsorption on bacterial surface. Thus, both gut microbes and chelating agents can be used to decrease the intestinal permeability of MLs, thereby mitigating their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Balaji Seshadri
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Anitha Kunhikrishnan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Bruce
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Ian Grainge
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
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Manceau A, Gaillot AC, Glatzel P, Cherel Y, Bustamante P. In Vivo Formation of HgSe Nanoparticles and Hg-Tetraselenolate Complex from Methylmercury in Seabirds-Implications for the Hg-Se Antagonism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1515-1526. [PMID: 33476140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In vivo and in vitro evidence for detoxification of methylmercury (MeHg) as insoluble mercury selenide (HgSe) underlies the central paradigm that mercury exposure is not or little hazardous when tissue Se is in molar excess (Se:Hg > 1). However, this hypothesis overlooks the binding of Hg to selenoproteins, which lowers the amount of bioavailable Se that acts as a detoxification reservoir for MeHg, thereby underestimating the toxicity of mercury. This question was addressed by determining the chemical forms of Hg in various tissues of giant petrels Macronectes spp. using a combination of high energy-resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy coupled to elemental mapping. Three main Hg species were identified, a MeHg-cysteinate complex, a four-coordinate selenocysteinate complex (Hg(Sec)4), and a HgSe precipitate, together with a minor dicysteinate complex Hg(Cys)2. The amount of HgSe decreases in the order liver > kidneys > brain = muscle, and the amount of Hg(Sec)4 in the order muscle > kidneys > brain > liver. On the basis of biochemical considerations and structural modeling, we hypothesize that Hg(Sec)4 is bound to the carboxy-terminus domain of selenoprotein P (SelP) which contains 12 Sec residues. Structural flexibility allows SelP to form multinuclear Hgx(Se,Sec)y complexes, which can be biomineralized to HgSe by protein self-assembly. Because Hg(Sec)4 has a Se:Hg molar ratio of 4:1, this species severely depletes the stock of bioavailable Se for selenoprotein synthesis and activity to one μg Se/g dry wet in the muscle of several birds. This concentration is still relatively high because selenium is naturally abundant in seawater, therefore it probably does not fall below the metabolic need for essential selenium. However, this study shows that this may not be the case for terrestrial animals, and that muscle may be the first tissue potentially injured by Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Manceau
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ISTerre, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Claire Gaillot
- Université Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, 44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pieter Glatzel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 Rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Cherel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Paco Bustamante
- La Rochelle Université, CNRS, Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), 17000, La Rochelle, France
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Wu Q, He X, Zhou S, Shi F, Lu Y. Role of PEPT1in the transport of cinnabar in Caco-2 cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 63:104747. [PMID: 31838184 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cinnabar, a mercury-containing mineral medicine, has been used as an ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicines for treatment of various diseases for thousands of years and is still widely used today. The toxicity of cinnabar is much less than other mercury-containing compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the possible role of oligopeptide transporter1 (PEPT1) in intestinal uptake of cinnabar. Thus, the Caco-2 cell model was employed to investigate the differential transport levels and the probable transporter involved in the transport of cinnabar, mercury sulfide (HgS) and mercury chloride (HgCl2). Cells were incubated with the same molar concentration of cinnabar, HgS or HgCl2 and then the inorganic mercury content of apical (AP), cellular and basolateral (BL) side of the cell was measured by ultra-high liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (UPLC-ICP/MS) after the treatment, respectively. Their transportation levels were also investigated when pH was changed to 5.5 in AP side to define the role of the H+ dependent transporter. Effects of cinnabar, HgS or HgCl2 on transporter mRNA and protein expression levels were assayed by RT-PCR and Western-blot method, respectively. The possible transporter involved in the transport was examined by siRNA silencing and chemical inhibition. The results showed that the levels of inorganic mercury in the BL side for cinnabar and HgS were 49.39% and 30.41% of that in HgCl2 group. The transport levels of cinnabar and HgCl2 were significantly increased when the pH was changed to 5.5 on the AP side as compared with the control group (pH 7.4). Cinnabar significantly decreased the mRNA and protein expression of PEPT1. Transport levels of cinnabar were significantly decreased by PEPT1-siRNA and chemical inhibition of PEPT1. The present study demonstrates that PEPT1 may be an important transporter in the entry of cinnabar into the intestinal epithelium, and intestinal transport levels of cinnabar and HgS was lower than that of HgCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi City, Guizhou 563000, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi City, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Xi He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi City, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Shaojun Zhou
- Zunyi Institute of Product Quality Inspection and testing, 126 Shanghai Road, Zunyi city, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Fuguo Shi
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi City, Guizhou 563000, China.
| | - Yuanfu Lu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xue-Fu Road, Zunyi City, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Takanezawa Y, Nakamura R, Matsuda H, Yagi T, Egawa Z, Sone Y, Uraguchi S, Adachi T, Kiyono M. Intracellular Demethylation of Methylmercury to Inorganic Mercury by Organomercurial Lyase (MerB) Strengthens Cytotoxicity. Toxicol Sci 2019; 170:438-451. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Some methylmercury (MeHg) is converted to inorganic mercury (Hg2+) after incorporation into human and animal tissues, where it can remain for a long time. To determine the overall toxicity of MeHg in tissues, studies should evaluate low concentrations of Hg2+. Although demethylation is involved, the participating enzymes or underlying mechanisms are unknown; in addition, the low cell membrane permeability of Hg2+ makes these analyses challenging. We established model cell lines to assess toxicities of low concentrations of Hg2+ using bacterial organomercury lyase (MerB). We engineered MerB-expressing HEK293 and HeLa cell lines that catalyze MeHg demethylation. These cells were significantly more sensitive to MeHg exposure compared to the parental cells. MeHg treatment remarkably induced metallothioneins (MTs) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HMOX-1) mRNAs and modest expression of superoxide dismutase 1, whereas catalase and glutathione peroxidase 1 mRNAs were not up-regulated. merB knockdown using small interfering RNA supported the induction of MT and HMOX-1 mRNA by MerB enzymatic activity. Pretreatment with Trolox, a water-soluble vitamin E analog, did not inhibit MeHg-induced elevation of MT-Ix and HMOX-1 mRNAs in MerB-expressing cells, suggesting that Hg2+ works independently of reactive oxygen species generation. Similar results were obtained in cells expressing MerB, suggesting that high MTs and HMOX-1 induction and cytotoxicity are common cellular responses to low intracellular Hg2+ concentrations. This is the first study to establish cell lines that demethylate intracellular MeHg to Hg2+ using bacterial MerB for overcoming the low membrane permeability of Hg2+ and exploring the intracellular responses and toxicities of low Hg2+ concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Takanezawa
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Haruki Matsuda
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Tomomi Yagi
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Zen Egawa
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Yuka Sone
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Shimpei Uraguchi
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
| | - Tatsumi Adachi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiba Institute of Science, Choshi, Chiba 288-0025, Japan
| | - Masako Kiyono
- Department of Public Health, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641
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8
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Jadán-Piedra C, Crespo Á, Monedero V, Vélez D, Devesa V, Zúñiga M. Effect of lactic acid bacteria on mercury toxicokinetics. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 128:147-153. [PMID: 30965103 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of two LAB strains to inhibit inorganic [Hg(II)] and organic (methyl-Hg; MeHg) mercury translocation through monolayers of co-cultures of NCM460 and HT29-MTX colonic cells was evaluated. Lactobacillus casei BL23 and Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC4356 reduced the permeability of Hg(II) and MeHg from aqueous solutions through NCM460/HT29-MTX monolayers (20-94% reduction). However, assays using the bioaccessible (soluble) Hg fraction obtained by in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of Hg-contaminated swordfish only showed a reduction (42%) with the BL23 strain. In vivo experiments carried out in mice receiving an acute dose of Hg(II) or MeHg (0.5 mg/kg body weight/day) with or without lactobacilli resulted in significant decreases of the bioavailability of MeHg with both strains and increased excretion of Hg in feces after treatment with the lactobacilli. However, Hg(II) bioavailability or excretion was not affected. Hg accumulation in liver and kidney remained similar in LAB-treated or non-treated animals. This is the first study of the impact of LAB on Hg(II) and MeHg toxicokinetics and shows that some LAB strains have potential to diminish MeHg bioavailability. Furthermore, it has established the basis for new studies on the protective effect of LAB under conditions resembling subchronic and chronic Hg exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jadán-Piedra
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Álvaro Crespo
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Monedero
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Zúñiga
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), C/ Agustín Escardino 7, 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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9
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Maresca M, Pinton P, Ajandouz EH, Menard S, Ferrier L, Oswald IP. Overview and Comparison of Intestinal Organotypic Models, Intestinal Cells, and Intestinal Explants Used for Toxicity Studies. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2018; 430:247-264. [PMID: 30259111 DOI: 10.1007/82_2018_142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The intestine is a complex organ formed of different types of cell distributed in different layers of tissue. To minimize animal experiments, for decades, researchers have been trying to develop in vitro/ex vivo systems able to mimic the cellular diversity naturally found in the gut. Such models not only help our understanding of the gut physiology but also of intestinal toxicity. This review describes the different systems used to evaluate the effects of drugs/contaminants on intestinal functions and compares their advantages and limitations. The comparison showed that the organotypic model is the best available model to perform intestinal toxicity studies, including on human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Pinton
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Sandrine Menard
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Ferrier
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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10
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Jadán-Piedra C, Vélez D, Devesa V. In vitro evaluation of dietary compounds to reduce mercury bioavailability. Food Chem 2017; 248:353-359. [PMID: 29329865 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mercury in foods, in inorganic form [Hg(II)] or as methylmercury (CH3Hg), can have adverse effects. Its elimination from foods is not technologically viable. To reduce human exposure, possible alternatives might be based on reducing its intestinal absorption. This study evaluates the ability of 23 dietary components to reduce the amount of mercury that is absorbed and reaches the bloodstream (bioavailability). We determined their effect on uptake of mercury in Caco-2 cells, a model of intestinal epithelium, exposed to Hg(II) and CH3Hg standards and to swordfish bioaccessible fractions. Cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, quercetin, albumin and tannic reduce bioavailability of both mercury species. Fe(II), lipoic acid, pectin, epigallocatechin and thiamine are also effective for Hg(II). Some of these strategies also reduce Hg bioavailability in swordfish (glutathione, cysteine, homocysteine). Moreover, extracts and supplements rich in these compounds are also effective. This knowledge may help to define dietary strategies to reduce in vivo mercury bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jadán-Piedra
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dinoraz Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicenta Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC), Calle Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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11
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Yu Y, Wang M, Zhang K, Yang D, Zhong Y, An J, Lei B, Zhang X. The transepithelial transport mechanism of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human intestine determined using a Caco-2 cell monolayer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 154:93-100. [PMID: 28056407 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral ingestion plays an important role in human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The uptake of PBDEs primarily occurs in the small intestine. The aim of the present study is to investigate the transepithelial transport characteristics and mechanisms of PBDEs in the small intestine using a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. The apparent permeability coefficients of PBDEs indicated that tri- to hepta-BDEs were poorly absorbed compounds. A linear increase in transepithelial transport was observed with various concentrations of PBDEs, which suggested that passive diffusion dominated their transport at the concentration range tested. In addition, the pseudo-first-order kinetics equation can be applied to the transepithelial transport of PBDEs. The rate-determining step in transepithelial transport of PBDEs was trans-cell transport including the trans-pore process. The significantly lower transepithelial transport rates at low temperature for bidirectional transepithelial transport suggested that an energy-dependent transport mechanism was involved. The efflux transporters (P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein, and breast cancer resistance protein) and influx transporters (organic cation transporters) participated in the transepithelial transport of PBDEs. In addition, the transepithelial transport of PBDEs was pH sensitive; however, more information is required to understand the influence of pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Yu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Kaiqiong Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Dan Yang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yufang Zhong
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jing An
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Bingli Lei
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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12
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Li Y, Zhao J, Liu X, Xia X, Wang Y, Zhou J. Transport of a Novel Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptide Ala-His-Leu-Leu Across Human Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells. J Med Food 2017; 20:243-250. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiudong Xia
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, China
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13
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Beauvais-Flück R, Slaveykova VI, Cosio C. Transcriptomic and Physiological Responses of the Green Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Short-Term Exposure to Subnanomolar Methylmercury Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:7126-7134. [PMID: 27254783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of short-term exposure to subnanomolar methyl-mercury (MeHg) concentrations, representative of contaminated environments, on the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were assessed using both physiological end points and gene expression analysis. MeHg bioaccumulated and induced significant increase of the photosynthesis efficiency, while the algal growth, oxidative stress, and chlorophyll fluorescence were unaffected. At the molecular level, MeHg significantly dysregulated the expression of genes involved in motility, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, metal transport, and antioxidant enzymes. Data suggest that the cells were able to cope with subnanomolar MeHg exposure, but this tolerance resulted in a significant cost to the cell energy and reserve metabolism as well as ample changes in the nutrition and motility of C. reinhardtii. The present results allowed gaining new insights on the effects and uptake mechanisms of MeHg at subnanomolar concentrations in aquatic primary producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Beauvais-Flück
- Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva , 66, boulevard Carl-Vogt, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Vera I Slaveykova
- Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva , 66, boulevard Carl-Vogt, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Cosio
- Institute F.-A. Forel, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva , 66, boulevard Carl-Vogt, 1211 Genève 4, Switzerland
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14
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Feng C, Pedrero Z, Gentès S, Barre J, Renedo M, Tessier E, Berail S, Maury-Brachet R, Mesmer-Dudons N, Baudrimont M, Legeay A, Maurice L, Gonzalez P, Amouroux D. Specific Pathways of Dietary Methylmercury and Inorganic Mercury Determined by Mercury Speciation and Isotopic Composition in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:12984-93. [PMID: 26398726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An original approach is proposed to investigate inorganic (iHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) trophic transfer and fate in a model fish, Danio rerio, by combining natural isotopic fractionation and speciation. Animals were exposed to three different dietary conditions: (1) 50 ng Hg g(-1), 80% as MeHg; (2) diet enriched in MeHg 10,000 ng Hg g(-1), 95% as MeHg, and (3) diet enriched in iHg 10,000 ng Hg g(-1), 99% as iHg. Harvesting was carried out after 0, 7, 25, and 62 days. Time-dependent Hg species distribution and isotopic fractionation in fish organs (muscle, brain, liver) and feces, exhibited different patterns, as a consequence of their dissimilar metabolization. The rapid isotopic re-equilibration to the new MeHg-food source reflects its high bioaccumulation rate. Relevant aspects related to Hg excretion are also described. This study confirms Hg isotopic fractionation as a powerful tool to investigate biological processes, although its deconvolution and fully understanding is still a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiyan Feng
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | - Zoyne Pedrero
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | - Sophie Gentès
- Université de Bordeaux , EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Julien Barre
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | - Marina Renedo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | - Emmanuel Tessier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | - Sylvain Berail
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
| | | | | | | | - Alexia Legeay
- Université de Bordeaux , EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - Laurence Maurice
- Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III , 14 avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
- GET, IRD , F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Gonzalez
- Université de Bordeaux , EPOC, UMR CNRS 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France
| | - David Amouroux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique, Bio-Inorganique et Environnement, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), CNRS-UPPA-UMR-5254, Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, F-64053 Pau, France
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15
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Toxic trace elements at gastrointestinal level. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 86:163-75. [PMID: 26482641 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Many trace elements are considered essential [iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)], whereas others may be harmful [lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As)], depending on their concentration and chemical form. In most cases, the diet is the main pathway by which they enter our organism. The presence of toxic trace elements in food has been known for a long time, and many of the food matrices that carry them have been identified. This has led to the appearance of legislation and recommendations concerning consumption. Given that the main route of exposure is oral, passage through the gastrointestinal tract plays a fundamental role in their entry into the organism, where they exert their toxic effect. Although the digestive system can be considered to be of crucial importance in their toxicity, in most cases we do not know the events that occur during the passage of these elements through the gastrointestinal tract and of ascertaining whether they may have some kind of toxic effect on it. The aim of this review is to summarize available information on this subject, concentrating on the toxic trace elements that are of greatest interest for organizations concerned with food safety and health: Pb, Cd, Hg and As.
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16
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Vázquez M, Vélez D, Devesa V, Puig S. Participation of divalent cation transporter DMT1 in the uptake of inorganic mercury. Toxicology 2015; 331:119-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Vázquez M, Vélez D, Devesa V. Participation of b0,+and B0,+systems in the transport of mercury bound to cysteine in intestinal cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tx00205a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main source of exposure to mercury (Hg) as divalent inorganic Hg [Hg(ii)] and methylmercury (CH3Hg) is the diet, in which complexes with the amino acid cysteine (Hg–Cys) may be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Vázquez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC)
- Avenida Agustín Escardino 7
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - D. Vélez
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC)
- Avenida Agustín Escardino 7
- Valencia
- Spain
| | - V. Devesa
- Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA-CSIC)
- Avenida Agustín Escardino 7
- Valencia
- Spain
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18
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Finotti E, Gezzi R, Nobili F, Garaguso I, Friedman M. Effect of apple, baobab, red-chicory, and pear extracts on cellular energy expenditure and morphology of a Caco-2 cells using transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of four food extracts on the Caco-2 intestinal cell line using a new transepithelial electrical resistance method (TEER) concurrent with electron microscopy (SEM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Finotti
- CRA-NUT National Council for Agricultural Research
- Research Center for Food and Nutrition
- 00178 – Rome
- Italy
| | - Riccardo Gezzi
- Department of Orthodontics
- Georg-August-University
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Fabio Nobili
- CRA-NUT National Council for Agricultural Research
- Research Center for Food and Nutrition
- 00178 – Rome
- Italy
| | - Ivana Garaguso
- CRA-NUT National Council for Agricultural Research
- Research Center for Food and Nutrition
- 00178 – Rome
- Italy
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