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Ghazimoradi MM, Azad FV, Jalali F, Rafieian-Kopaei M. The Neurotoxic Mechanisms of Graphene Family Nanomaterials at the Cellular Level: A Solution-based Approach Review. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3572-3581. [PMID: 36464882 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221202093813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) have been recognized to have potential applications in biomedicine, especially in the rag nostic, drug delivery and neuroimaging. Multiple studies have examined the neurotoxicity of GFNs to assay their toxic effects on organisms and ecosystems. In this article, we reviewed the different neurotoxicity effects of GFNs at intracellular levels, including nucleus-related effects and cytosolic mechanisms, as well as extracellular levels, including effects on enzyme activity, oxidative stress, behavior, neurotransmitters, and central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, for the sake of the solution, we discussed the reducing ways of graphene toxicity. A schematic description is shown in Fig. (1).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farhan Vahdat Azad
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jalali
- Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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2
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The Functional and Application Possibilities of Starch/Chitosan Polymer Composites Modified by Graphene Oxide. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23115956. [PMID: 35682636 PMCID: PMC9180379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23115956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study describes functional properties of bionanocomposites consisting of starch/chitosan/graphene oxide (GO) obtained using the green synthesis method, such as water-barrier and optical properties, as well as the rate of degradation by enzymatic and acid hydrolysis. The toxicity of the composites and their effects on the development of pathogenic microflora during storage of meat food products was also investigated. Although the results showed that the barrier properties of the composites were weak, they were similar to those of biological systems. The studies carried out confirmed the good optical properties of the composites containing chitosan, which makes it possible to use them as active elements of packaging. The susceptibility of starch and chitosan films to enzymatic and acid hydrolyses indicates their relatively high biodegradability. The lack of toxicity and the high barrier against many microorganisms offer great potential for applications in the food industry.
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Genotoxicity of Graphene-Based Materials. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111795. [PMID: 35683650 PMCID: PMC9182450 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are a broad family of novel carbon-based nanomaterials with many nanotechnology applications. The increasing market of GBMs raises concerns on their possible impact on human health. Here, we review the existing literature on the genotoxic potential of GBMs over the last ten years. A total of 50 articles including in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and human biomonitoring studies were selected. Graphene oxides were the most analyzed materials, followed by reduced graphene oxides. Most of the evaluations were performed in vitro using the comet assay (detecting DNA damage). The micronucleus assay (detecting chromosome damage) was the most used validated assay, whereas only two publications reported results on mammalian gene mutations. The same material was rarely assessed with more than one assay. Despite inhalation being the main exposure route in occupational settings, only one in vivo study used intratracheal instillation, and another one reported human biomonitoring data. Based on the studies, some GBMs have the potential to induce genetic damage, although the type of damage depends on the material. The broad variability of GBMs, cellular systems and methods used in the studies precludes the identification of physico-chemical properties that could drive the genotoxicity response to GBMs.
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Cebadero-Domínguez Ó, Jos A, Cameán AM, Cătunescu GM. Hazard characterization of graphene nanomaterials in the frame of their food risk assessment: A review. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 164:113014. [PMID: 35430331 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Different applications have been suggested for graphene nanomaterials (GFNs) in the food and feed chain. However, it is necessary to perform a risk assessment before they become market-ready, and when consumer exposure is demonstrated. For this purpose, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a guidance that has been recently updated. In this sense, the aim of this study is to identify and characterise toxicological hazards related to GFNs after oral exposure. Thus, existing scientific literature in relation to in vitro degradation studies, in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity, toxicokinetics data, in vivo oral studies, and other in-depth studies such as effects on the microbiome has been revised. The obtained results showed that the investigations performed up to now did not follow internationally agreed-upon test guidelines. Moreover, GFNs seemed to resist gastrointestinal digestion and were able to be absorbed, distributed, and excreted, inducing toxic effects at different levels, including genotoxicity. Also, dose has an important role as it has been reported that low doses are more toxic than high doses because GFNs tend to aggregate in the digestive system, changing the internal exposure scenario. Thus, further studies including a thorough toxicological evaluation are required to protect consumer's safety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angeles Jos
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Ana M Cameán
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Spain
| | - Giorgiana M Cătunescu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Gasparotto M, Bellet P, Scapin G, Busetto R, Rampazzo C, Vitiello L, Shah DI, Filippini F. 3D Printed Graphene-PLA Scaffolds Promote Cell Alignment and Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031736. [PMID: 35163657 PMCID: PMC8836229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumas and chronic damages can hamper the regenerative power of nervous, muscle, and connective tissues. Tissue engineering approaches are promising therapeutic tools, aiming to develop reliable, reproducible, and economically affordable synthetic scaffolds which could provide sufficient biomimetic cues to promote the desired cell behaviour without triggering graft rejection and transplant failure. Here, we used 3D-printing to develop 3D-printed scaffolds based on either PLA or graphene@PLA with a defined pattern. Multiple regeneration strategies require a specific orientation of implanted and recruited cells to perform their function correctly. We tested our scaffolds with induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), neuronal-like cells, immortalised fibroblasts and myoblasts. Our results demonstrated that the specific “lines and ridges” 100 µm-scaffold topography is sufficient to promote myoblast and fibroblast cell alignment and orient neurites along with the scaffolds line pattern. Conversely, graphene is critical to promote cells differentiation, as seen by the iPSC commitment to neuroectoderm, and myoblast fusions into multinuclear myotubes achieved by the 100 µm scaffolds containing graphene. This work shows the development of a reliable and economical 3D-printed scaffold with the potential of being used in multiple tissue engineering applications and elucidates how scaffold micro-topography and graphene properties synergistically control cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Gasparotto
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.G.); (P.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Pietro Bellet
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.G.); (P.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Giorgia Scapin
- Garuda Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Rebecca Busetto
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.G.); (P.B.); (R.B.)
| | - Chiara Rampazzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (C.R.); (L.V.)
| | - Libero Vitiello
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (C.R.); (L.V.)
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), Administrative headquarters University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Inter-Departmental Research Center for Myology (CIR-Myo), University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Filippini
- Synthetic Biology and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (M.G.); (P.B.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (F.F.)
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Fujita K, Obara S, Maru J, Endoh S. Genotoxicity assessment of cellulose nanofibrils using a standard battery of in vitro and in vivo assays. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:68-77. [PMID: 35004184 PMCID: PMC8718569 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CNFs did not induce bacterial reverse and in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation. CNFs did not induce chromosomal aberration in CHL/IU cells. CNFs did not increase the proportion of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in rat bone marrow. Three types of CNFs with different manufacturing methods exhibited no genotoxicity.
Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) are identified as novel nanomaterials with many potential applications. Since CNFs are fibrous manufactured nanomaterials, their potential carcinogenic effects and mesothelial toxicity raise some concerns. In this study, we conducted a standard battery of in vitro and in vivo assays to evaluate the genotoxicity of two CNF types using different manufacturing methods and physicochemical properties. Namely, one was CNF produced via chemical modification by TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical)-mediated oxidation, while the other was CNF produced via mechanical defibrillation using needle bleached kraft pulp. A bacterial reverse mutation test and a mouse lymphoma TK assay revealed that CNFs at 100 μg/mL did not induce bacterial reverse mutations and in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation. Further, in vitro chromosomal aberration tests demonstrated that CNFs at 100 μg/mL did not induce chromosomal aberration in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. From the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, no statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of rats intratracheally instilled with any concentration of CNFs (0.25–1.0 mg/kg) compared with values from respective negative control groups. Therefore, this battery of in vitro and in vivo assays illustrated that the CNFs examined in this study did not induce genotoxicity, suggesting our results provide valuable insight on the future use of these materials in various industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhide Fujita
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Sawae Obara
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Junko Maru
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Endoh
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
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Fujita K, Obara S, Maru J. Pulmonary toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of submicron-diameter carbon fibers with different diameters and lengths. Toxicology 2021; 466:153063. [PMID: 34890706 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Submicron-diameter carbon fibers (SCFs) are a type of fine-diameter fibrous carbon material that can be used in various applications. To accelerate their practical application, a hazard assessment of SCFs must be undertaken. This study demonstrated the pulmonary toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity of three types of SCFs with different diameters and lengths. The average diameter and length of SCFs were 259.2 nm and 11.7 μm in SCF1 suspensions, 248.5 nm and 6.7 μm in SCF2 suspensions, and 183.0 nm and 13.7 μm in SCF3 suspensions, respectively. The results of pulmonary inflammation and recovery following intratracheal instillation with SCFs at doses of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 mg/kg showed that the pulmonary toxicity of SCFs was SCF3 > SCF1 > SCF2. These results suggest that SCF diameter and length are most likely important contributing factors associated with lung SCF clearance, pulmonary inflammation, and recovery. Furthermore, SCFs are less pulmonary toxic than bent multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokine and intracellular reactive oxygen species productions, morphological changes, gene expression profiling in NR8383 rat alveolar macrophage cells showed that the cytotoxic potency of SCFs is: SCF3 > SCF1 > SCF2. These results showed that SCFs with small diameters had high cytotoxicity, and SCFs with short lengths had low cytotoxicity. We conclude that pulmonary toxicity and cytotoxicity are associated with the diameter and length distributions of SCFs. In addition, a standard battery for genotoxicity testing, namely the Ames test, an in vitro chromosomal aberration test, and a mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, demonstrated that the three types of SCFs did not induce genotoxicity. Our findings provide new evidence for evaluating the potential toxicity of not only SCFs used in this study but also various SCFs which differ depending on the manufacturing processes or physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhide Fujita
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Sawae Obara
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Junko Maru
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
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8
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Structure-Activity Relationship of Graphene-Based Materials: Impact of the Surface Chemistry, Surface Specific Area and Lateral Size on Their In Vitro Toxicity. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112963. [PMID: 34835726 PMCID: PMC8619174 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Predictive toxicity and structure–activity relationships (SARs) are raising interest since the number of nanomaterials has become unmanageable to assess their toxicity with a classical case-by-case approach. Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are among the most promising nanomaterials of this decade and their application might lead to several innovations. However, their toxicity impact needs to be thoroughly assessed. In this regard, we conducted a study on 22 GBMs to investigate their potential SARs by performing a complete physicochemical characterization and in vitro toxicity assessment (on RAW264.7 cells). We used GBMs of variable lateral size (0.5–38 µm), specific surface area (SSA, 30–880 m²/g), and surface oxidation (2–17%). We observed that reduced graphene oxides (RGOs) were more reactive than graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), potentially highlighting the role of GBM’s surface chemistry and surface defects density in their biological impact. We also observed that for GNPs, a smaller lateral size caused higher cytotoxicity. Lastly, GBMs showing a SSA higher than 200 m²/g were found to induce a higher ROS production. Mechanistic explanations are proposed in the discussion. In conclusion, pairing a full physicochemical characterization with a standardized toxicity assessment of a large set of samples allowed us to clarify SARs and provide an additional step toward safe-by-design GBMs.
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Povo-Retana A, Mojena M, Boscá A, Pedrós J, Peraza DA, Valenzuela C, Laparra JM, Calle F, Boscá L. Graphene Particles Interfere with Pro-Inflammatory Polarization of Human Macrophages: Functional and Electrophysiological Evidence. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2100882. [PMID: 34590442 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202100882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of two types of fragmented graphene particles (30-160 nm) with human macrophages is studied. Since macrophages have significant phagocytic activity, the incorporation of graphene particles into cells has an effect on the response to functional polarization stimuli, favoring an anti-inflammatory profile. Incubation of macrophages with graphene foam particles, prepared by chemical vapor deposition, and commercially available graphene nanoplatelet particles does not affect cell viability when added at concentrations up to 100 µg mL-1 ; macrophages exhibit differential quantitative responses to each type of graphene particles. Although both materials elicit similar increases in the release of reactive oxygen species, the impact on the transcriptional regulation associated with the polarization profile is different; graphene nanoplatelets significantly modify this transcriptomic profile. Moreover, these graphene particles differentially affect the motility and phagocytosis of macrophages. After the incorporation of both graphene types into the macrophages, they exhibit specific responses in terms of the mitochondrial oxygen consumption and electrophysiological potassium currents at the cell plasma membrane. These data support the view that the physical structure of the graphene particles has an impact on human macrophage responses, paving the way for the development of new mechanisms to modulate the activity of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Povo-Retana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Marina Mojena
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Alberto Boscá
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM) and Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Jorge Pedrós
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM) and Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Diego Alberto Peraza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Carmen Valenzuela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, CIBERCV, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - José Moisés Laparra
- J. M. Laparra, Madrid Institute for Advanced studies in Food (IMDEA Food), Ctra. Cantoblanco 8, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Fernando Calle
- Instituto de Sistemas Optoelectrónicos y Microtecnología (ISOM) and Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, E.T.S.I. de Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, CIBERCV, Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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Pulingam T, Thong KL, Appaturi JN, Lai CW, Leo BF. Mechanistic actions and contributing factors affecting the antibacterial property and cytotoxicity of graphene oxide. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130739. [PMID: 34004516 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology contributed to the increasing use of nanomaterials in the engineering, health and biological sectors. Graphene oxide (GO) has great potentials as it could be fine-tuned to be adapted into various applications, especially in the electrical, electronic, industrial and clinical fields. One of the important applications of GO is its use as an antibacterial material due to its promising activity against a broad range of bacteria. However, our understanding of the mechanism of action of GO towards bacteria is still lacking and is often less described. Therefore, a comprehensive overview of bactericidal mechanistic actions of GO and the roles of physicochemical factors including size, aggregation, functionalization and adsorption behavior contributing to its antibacterial activities are described in this review. As the use of GO is expected to increase exponentially in the health sector, the cytotoxicity of GO among the cell lines is also discussed. Thus, this review emphasizes the physicochemical characteristics of GO that can be tailored for optimal antibacterial properties that is of importance to the health industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruchelvi Pulingam
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia; Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kwai Lin Thong
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Bey Fen Leo
- Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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11
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Anti-metastatic cancer activity of ultrasonic synthesized reduced graphene oxide/copper composites. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Bellet P, Gasparotto M, Pressi S, Fortunato A, Scapin G, Mba M, Menna E, Filippini F. Graphene-Based Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:404. [PMID: 33562559 PMCID: PMC7914745 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Leading-edge regenerative medicine can take advantage of improved knowledge of key roles played, both in stem cell fate determination and in cell growth/differentiation, by mechano-transduction and other physicochemical stimuli from the tissue environment. This prompted advanced nanomaterials research to provide tissue engineers with next-generation scaffolds consisting of smart nanocomposites and/or hydrogels with nanofillers, where balanced combinations of specific matrices and nanomaterials can mediate and finely tune such stimuli and cues. In this review, we focus on graphene-based nanomaterials as, in addition to modulating nanotopography, elastic modulus and viscoelastic features of the scaffold, they can also regulate its conductivity. This feature is crucial to the determination and differentiation of some cell lineages and is of special interest to neural regenerative medicine. Hereafter we depict relevant properties of such nanofillers, illustrate how problems related to their eventual cytotoxicity are solved via enhanced synthesis, purification and derivatization protocols, and finally provide examples of successful applications in regenerative medicine on a number of tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Bellet
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Matteo Gasparotto
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Samuel Pressi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua & INSTM, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Anna Fortunato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua & INSTM, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Giorgia Scapin
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Miriam Mba
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua & INSTM, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Enzo Menna
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua & INSTM, 35131 Padua, Italy; (S.P.); (A.F.)
| | - Francesco Filippini
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.B.); (M.G.)
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Vasilopoulos V, Pitou M, Fekas I, Papi R, Ouranidis A, Pavlidou E, Patsalas P, Choli-Papadopoulou Τ. Graphene-Wrapped Copper Nanoparticles: An Antimicrobial and Biocompatible Nanomaterial with Valuable Properties for Medical Uses. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:26329-26334. [PMID: 33110960 PMCID: PMC7581071 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The great demand for antibacterial, biocompatible, and easily manufactured nanostructures has led to the design and development of graphene-wrapped copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) supported on Si wafers. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial properties of graphene/CuNPs nanostructures against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Additional experiments regarding graphene/CuNPs nanostructures behavior against mouse fibroblast cell line L929 indicated their biocompatibility and consequently render them as model biomaterials for medical uses. Biofunctionalization of graphene/CuNPs nanostructures with a high-molecular-weight protein (green fluorescent protein), which retains its functionality after a "tight binding" on the nanostructure's surface, opens the way for attaching and other proteins, or biomolecules of great biological interest, to prepare novel biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Vasilopoulos
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Pitou
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Fekas
- Department
of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rigini Papi
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Ouranidis
- Department
of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department
of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panos Patsalas
- Department
of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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14
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Lin H, Ji DK, Lucherelli MA, Reina G, Ippolito S, Samorì P, Bianco A. Comparative Effects of Graphene and Molybdenum Disulfide on Human Macrophage Toxicity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002194. [PMID: 32743979 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and other 2D materials, such as molybdenum disulfide, have been increasingly used in electronics, composites, and biomedicine. In particular, MoS2 and graphene hybrids have attracted a great interest for applications in the biomedical research, therefore stimulating a pertinent investigation on their safety in immune cells like macrophages, which commonly engulf these materials. In this study, M1 and M2 macrophage viability and activation are mainly found to be unaffected by few-layer graphene (FLG) and MoS2 at doses up to 50 µg mL-1 . The uptake of both materials is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Notably, both 2D materials increase the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in M1 macrophages. At the highest dose, FLG decreases CD206 expression while MoS2 decreases CD80 expression. CathB and CathL gene expressions are dose-dependently increased by both materials. Despite a minimal impact on the autophagic pathway, FLG is found to increase the expression of Atg5 and autophagic flux, as observed by Western blotting of LC3-II, in M1 macrophages. Overall, FLG and MoS2 are of little toxicity in human macrophages even though they are found to trigger cell stress and inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ding-Kun Ji
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Matteo Andrea Lucherelli
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Giacomo Reina
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | | | - Paolo Samorì
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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15
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Makvandi P, Ghomi M, Ashrafizadeh M, Tafazoli A, Agarwal T, Delfi M, Akhtari J, Zare EN, Padil VVT, Zarrabi A, Pourreza N, Miltyk W, Maiti TK. A review on advances in graphene-derivative/polysaccharide bionanocomposites: Therapeutics, pharmacogenomics and toxicity. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 250:116952. [PMID: 33049857 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Graphene-based bionanocomposites are employed in several ailments, such as cancers and infectious diseases, due to their large surface area (to carry drugs), photothermal properties, and ease of their functionalization (owing to their active groups). Modification of graphene-derivatives with polysaccharides is a promising strategy to decrease their toxicity and improve target ability, which consequently enhances their biotherapeutic efficacy. Herein, functionalization of graphene-based materials with carbohydrate polymers (e.g., chitosan, starch, alginate, hyaluronic acid, and cellulose) are presented. Subsequently, recent advances in graphene nanomaterial/polysaccharide-based bionanocomposites in infection treatment and cancer therapy are comprehensively discussed. Pharmacogenomic and toxicity assessments for these bionanocomposites are also highlighted to provide insight for future optimized and smart investigations and researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Micro-BioRobotics, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, Pisa, 56025, Italy; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran.
| | - Matineh Ghomi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6153753843, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Alireza Tafazoli
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
| | - Tarun Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Masoud Delfi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, 80126, Italy
| | - Javad Akhtari
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Vinod V T Padil
- Department of Nanomaterials in Natural Sciences, Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation (CXI), Technical University of Liberec (TUL), Studentská, 1402/2, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey; Center of Excellence for Functional Surfaces and Interfaces (EFSUN), Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
| | - Nahid Pourreza
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, 6153753843, Iran
| | - Wojciech Miltyk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, 15-089, Poland
| | - Tapas Kumar Maiti
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
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16
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Fujita K, Obara S, Maru J, Endoh S. Cytotoxicity profiles of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with different physico-chemical properties. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:477-489. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2020.1761920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhide Fujita
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Sawae Obara
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junko Maru
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shigehisa Endoh
- Research Institute of Science for Safety and Sustainability (RISS), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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Xiaoli F, Qiyue C, Weihong G, Yaqing Z, Chen H, Junrong W, Longquan S. Toxicology data of graphene-family nanomaterials: an update. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1915-1939. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Farahani M, Rezaei‐Tavirani M, Zali H, Hatamie S, Ghasemi N. Systems toxicology assessment revealed the impact of graphene‐based materials on cell cycle regulators. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 108:1520-1533. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Farahani
- Proteomics Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | - Hakimeh Zali
- Proteomics Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shadie Hatamie
- Institute of NanoEngineering and MicroSystemsNational Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
- Department of Power Mechanical EngineeringNational Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Nazanin Ghasemi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
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19
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Tadyszak K, Wychowaniec JK, Litowczenko J. Biomedical Applications of Graphene-Based Structures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E944. [PMID: 30453490 PMCID: PMC6267346 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and graphene oxide (GO) structures and their reduced forms, e.g., GO paper and partially or fully reduced three-dimensional (3D) aerogels, are at the forefront of materials design for extensive biomedical applications that allow for the proliferation and differentiation/maturation of cells, drug delivery, and anticancer therapies. Various viability tests that have been conducted in vitro on human cells and in vivo on mice reveal very promising results, which make graphene-based materials suitable for real-life applications. In this review, we will give an overview of the latest studies that utilize graphene-based structures and their composites in biological applications and show how the biomimetic behavior of these materials can be a step forward in bridging the gap between nature and synthetically designed graphene-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Tadyszak
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jacek K Wychowaniec
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 85, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
- Department of Molecular Virology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, PL61614 Poznań, Poland.
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