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Yan X, Yan Y, Liu J, Jing Y, Hao P, Chen X, Li X. Necrostatin-1 protects corneal epithelial cells by inhibiting the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL cascade in a benzalkonium chloride-induced model of necroptosis. Exp Eye Res 2024; 247:110030. [PMID: 39127236 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is commonly used as a preservative in ophthalmic medications, despite its potential to induce chemical injury. Extensive research has demonstrated that BAC can lead to adverse effects, including injuries to the ocular surface. Our study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of necroptosis induced by BAC. METHODS Human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells and mouse corneas were subjected to chemical injury, and the necrostatin-1 (Nec1) group was compared to the dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) group. The extent of damage to HCE cells was assessed using CCK-8 and flow cytometry. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as fluorescein sodium staining, were used to detect and characterize corneal injury. The activation of inflammatory cytokines and necroptosis-related proteins and genes was evaluated using Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and quantitative RT‒PCR. RESULTS In our study, the induction of necroptosis by a hypertonic solution was not observed. However, necroptosis was observed in HCE cells exposed to NaOH and BAC, which activated the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) - receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) - mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling pathway. In mouse corneal tissues, BAC could induce necroptosis and inflammation. The administration of Nec1 mitigated the inflammatory response and ocular surface damage caused by BAC-induced necroptosis in our experimental models. Furthermore, our in vivo experiments revealed that the severity of necroptosis was greater in the 3-day group than in the 7-day group. CONCLUSIONS Necroptosis plays a role in the pathological development of ocular surface injury caused by exposure to BAC. Furthermore, our study demonstrated that the administration of Nec1 could mitigate the pathological effects of necroptosis induced by BAC in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Yan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yarong Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yapeng Jing
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Peng Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xuan Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China; Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, China.
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Shi Q, Li Q, Wu C, Ma S, Liang C, Fan X, Zhong J, Liu L. Deoxynivalenol Damages Corneal Epithelial Cells and Exacerbates Inflammatory Response in Fungal Keratitis. Mycopathologia 2024; 189:28. [PMID: 38483684 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-024-00829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal keratitis (FK) is a kind of infectious keratopathy with a high rate of blindness worldwide. Deoxynivalenol (DON) has been proven to have multiple toxic effects on humans and animals. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore a possible pathogenic role of DON in FK. METHODS We first made an animal model of FK in New Zealand white rabbits, and then attempted to detect DON in a culture medium in which Fusarium solani had been grown and also in the corneal tissue of the animal model of Fusarium solani keratitis. Next, a model of DON damage in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was constructed to evaluate effects of DON on the activity, migration ability, cell cycle, and apoptosis in the HCECs. Then, putative the toxic damaging effects of DON on rabbit corneal epithelial cells and the impact of the repair cycle were studied. The expression levels of inflammatory factors in the corneas of the animal model and in the model of DON-damaged HCECs were measured. RESULTS The Fusarium solani strain used in this study appeared to have the potential to produce DON, since DON was detected in the corneal tissue of rabbits which had been inoculated with this Fusarium solani strain. DON was found to alter the morphology of HCECs, to reduce the activity and to inhibit the proliferation and migration of HCECs. DON also induced the apoptosis and S-phase arrest of HCECs. In addition, DON was found to damage rabbit corneal epithelial cells, to prolong the corneal epithelial regeneration cycle, and to be associated with the upregulated expression of inflammatory factors in HCECs and rabbit corneas. CONCLUSIONS DON appears to have a toxic damaging effect on HCECs in FK, and to induce the expression of inflammatory factors, leading to the exacerbation of keratitis and the formation of new blood vessels. Future studies will explore the possibility of developing a test to detect DON in ophthalmic settings to aid the rapid diagnosis of FK, and to develop DON neutralizers and adsorbents which have the potential to improve keratocyte status, inhibit apoptosis, and alleviate inflammation, therein providing new thinking for therapy of clinical FK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - QingQing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Changlin Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Shisi Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 515282, China
| | - Chunlan Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Xiaoyi Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jingxiang Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Dongguan, 523000, China.
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Guo XX, Pu Q, Hu JJ, Chang XJ, Li AL, Li XY. The role of regulated necrosis in inflammation and ocular surface diseases. Exp Eye Res 2023:109537. [PMID: 37302745 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, numerous types of regulated cell death have been identified, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis and necroptosis. Regulated necrosis is characterized by a series of amplified inflammatory responses that result in cell death. Therefore, it has been suggested to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of ocular surface diseases. The cell morphological features and molecular mechanisms of regulated necrosis are discussed in this review. Furthermore, it summarizes the role of ocular surface diseases, such as dry eye, keratitis, and cornea alkali burn, as potential disease prevention and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Qi Pu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jing-Jie Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ao-Ling Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Cai W, Shen T, Wang D, Li T, Yu J, Peng C, Tang BZ. Efficient antibacterial AIEgens induced ROS for selective photodynamic treatment of bacterial keratitis. Front Chem 2023; 10:1088935. [PMID: 36688052 PMCID: PMC9846558 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1088935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial keratitis (BK) is an acute infection of the cornea, accompanied by uneven epithelium boundaries with stromal ulceration, potentially resulting in vision loss. Topical antibiotic is the regular treatment for BK. However, the incidence rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria limits the application of traditional antibiotics. Therefore, a cationic aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) named TTVP is utilized for the treatment of BK. TTVP showed no obvious cytotoxicity in maintaining the normal cell morphology and viability under a limited concentration, and revealed the ability to selectively combine with bacteria in normal ocular environment. After light irradiation, TTVP produced reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus exerting efficient antibacterial ability in vitro. What's more, in rat models of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection, the therapeutic intervention of TTVP lessens the degree of corneal opacity and inflammatory infiltration, limiting the spread of inflammation. Besides, TTVP manifested superior antibacterial efficacy than levofloxacin in acute BK, endowing its better vision salvage ability than conventional method. This research demonstrates the efficacy and advantages of TTVP as a photodynamic drug in the treatment of BK and represents its promise in clinical application of ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China,Department of Radiology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China,Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Hong Kong SAR, China,*Correspondence: Chen Peng, ; Ben Zhong Tang,
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Facile synthesis of surface functionalized Pd 2+@P-CDP/COFs for highly sensitive detection of norfloxacin drug based on the host-guest interaction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 219:114956. [PMID: 35882178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, β-cyclodextrin porous polymers (P-CDPs) functionalized novel covalent organic frameworks (P-CDPs/COFs) were synthesized by a simple and facile method. After combined with Pd2+ via electrostatic interaction, the Pd2+@P-CDPs/COFs nanocomposites were prepared and utilized as novel electrode materials to fabricate the non-enzyme electrochemical sensors for high-sensitivity detection of Norfloxacin (NF). Due to the host-guest recognition, excellent adsorption performance and catalytic performance of Pd2+@P-CDPs/COFs, the prepared sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performance for detecting NF under the optimum conditions, which showed two linear ranges of 0.08-7.0 μM and 7.0-100.0 μM with a low detection limit of 0.031 μM (S/N = 3). Additionally, the obtained sensor has also been successfully applied to measure NF with satisfactory results in the real medicinal samples of NF eye-drops. Our findings paved the way for the development of COFs-based sensing platform in drug analysis and testing for human health, food security and the quality control of drugs.
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Roles and Mechanisms of Regulated Necrosis in Corneal Diseases: Progress and Perspectives. J Ophthalmol 2022; 2022:2695212. [PMID: 35655803 PMCID: PMC9152437 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2695212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated necrosis is defined as cell death characterized by loss of the cell membrane integrity and release of the cytoplasmic content. It contributes to the development and progression of some diseases, including ischemic stroke injury, liver diseases, hypertension, and cancer. Various forms of regulated necrosis, particularly pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of corneal disease. Regulated necrosis of corneal cells enhances inflammatory reactions in the adjacent corneal tissues, leading to recurrence and aggravation of corneal disease. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis in corneal diseases and discuss the roles of regulated necrosis in inflammation regulation, tissue repair, and corneal disease outcomes.
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