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Elzanaty KA, Omran GA, Elmahallawy EK, Albrakati A, Saleh AA, Dahran N, Alhegaili AS, Salahuddin A, Abd-El-Azim H, Noreldin A, Okda TM. Design and Optimization of Sesamol Nanosuspensions to Potentiate the Anti-Tumor Activity of Epirubicin against Ehrlich Solid Carcinoma-Bearing Mice. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:937. [PMID: 39065634 PMCID: PMC11279961 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in discovering natural sources of anti-cancer drugs. Sesamol (SES) is a phenolic compound with antitumor effects. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer properties of SES and its nano-suspensions (SES-NS) combined with Epirubicin (EPI) in breast cancer (BC) using mice bearing a solid Ehrlich tumor. The study involved 35 female albino mice and investigated the effects of SES and EPI on tumor growth, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, and oxidative stress. Methods including ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were utilized. The findings revealed reductions in tumor growth and proliferation using SES either alone or combined and evidenced by decreased AKT (AKT Serine/Threonine kinase1) levels, angiogenesis indicated by lower levels of VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor), and apoptosis demonstrated by elevated caspase3 and BAX levels. Furthermore, autophagy increased and was indicated by increased levels of beclin1 and lc3, along with decreased oxidative stress as evidenced by elevated TAC (total antioxidant capacity) and reduced MDA (malondialdehyde) levels. Interestingly, SES-NS demonstrated more significant effects at lower doses. In summary, this study underscores the potential of SES as a promising agent for BC treatment. Moreover, SES-NS potentiated the beneficial effects of EPI while mitigating its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud A. Elzanaty
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt (T.M.O.)
| | - Gamal A. Omran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt (T.M.O.)
| | - Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Zoonosis (GISAZ), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ayman A. Saleh
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 55428, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa S. Alhegaili
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Salahuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt (T.M.O.)
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen Iraqi University, Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq
| | - Heba Abd-El-Azim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt;
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ahmed Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Tarek M. Okda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt (T.M.O.)
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Mohsenizadeh SA, Rajaeinejad M, Khoshfetrat M, Arefizadeh R, Mousavi SH, Mosaed R, Kazemi-Galougahi MH, Jalaeikhoo H, Faridfar A, Nikandish M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Arjmand B. Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Cancer Survivors: Management and Long-Term Implications. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38842787 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in personalized treatments, such as anthracycline chemotherapy, coupled with timely diagnoses, have contributed to a decrease in cancer-specific mortality rates and an improvement in cancer prognosis. Anthracyclines, a potent class of antibiotics, are extensively used as anticancer medications to treat a broad spectrum of tumors. Despite these advancements, a considerable number of cancer survivors face increased risks of treatment complications, particularly the cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs like anthracyclines. These effects can range from subclinical manifestations to severe consequences such as irreversible heart failure and death, highlighting the need for effective management of chemotherapy side effects for improved cancer care outcomes. Given the lack of specific treatments, early detection of subclinical cardiac events post-anthracycline therapy and the implementation of preventive strategies are vital. An interdisciplinary approach involving cardiovascular teams is crucial for the prevention and efficient management of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Various factors, such as age, gender, duration of treatment, and comorbidities, should be considered significant risk factors for developing chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity. Tools such as electrocardiography, echocardiography, nuclear imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, histopathologic evaluations, and serum biomarkers should be appropriately used for the early detection of anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, understanding the underlying biological mechanisms is key to developing preventive measures and personalized treatment strategies to mitigate anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Exploring specific cardiotoxic mechanisms and identifying genetic variations can offer fresh perspectives on innovative, personalized treatments. This chapter aims to discuss cardiomyopathy following anthracycline therapy, with a focus on molecular mechanisms, preventive strategies, and emerging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohsen Rajaeinejad
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Khoshfetrat
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Arefizadeh
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Mousavi
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mosaed
- Toxicology Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hasan Jalaeikhoo
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Faridfar
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nikandish
- AJA Cancer Epidemiology Research and Treatment Center (AJA-CERTC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zambrano P, Manrique-Moreno M, Petit K, Colina JR, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Suwalsky M, Strzalka K. Differential scanning calorimetry in drug-membrane interactions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 709:149806. [PMID: 38579619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) is a central technique in investigating drug - membrane interactions, a critical component of pharmaceutical research. DSC measures the heat difference between a sample of interest and a reference as a function of temperature or time, contributing essential knowledge on the thermally induced phase changes in lipid membranes and how these changes are affected by incorporating pharmacological substances. The manuscript discusses the use of phospholipid bilayers, which can form structures like unilamellar and multilamellar vesicles, providing a simplified yet representative membrane model to investigate the complex dynamics of how drugs interact with and penetrate cellular barriers. The manuscript consolidates data from various studies, providing a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying drug - membrane interactions, the determinants that influence these interactions, and the crucial role of DSC in elucidating these components. It further explores the interactions of specific classes of drugs with phospholipid membranes, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anticancer agents, natural products with antioxidant properties, and Alzheimer's disease therapeutics. The manuscript underscores the critical importance of DSC in this field and the need for continued research to improve our understanding of these interactions, acting as a valuable resource for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Zambrano
- Department of Bioscience, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Marcela Manrique-Moreno
- Faculty of Natural of Exact Sciences, Chemistry Institute, University of Antioquia, A.A. 1226, Medellin, 050010, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Karla Petit
- LabMAT, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Bío-Bío, Concepción, Chile
| | - José R Colina
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile
| | - Malgorzata Jemiola-Rzeminska
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mario Suwalsky
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de La Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Kazimierz Strzalka
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland; Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
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Quds R, Iqbal Z, Arif A, Mahmood R. Mancozeb-induced cytotoxicity in human erythrocytes: enhanced generation of reactive species, hemoglobin oxidation, diminished antioxidant power, membrane damage and morphological changes. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:105453. [PMID: 37248021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mancozeb is an ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate fungicide extensively used in agriculture to safeguard crops from various fungal diseases. The general population is exposed to mancozeb through consumption of contaminated food or water. Here, we have investigated the effect of mancozeb on isolated human erythrocytes under in vitro conditions. Erythrocytes were treated with different concentrations of mancozeb (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 μM) and incubated for 24 h at 37 °C. Analysis of biochemical parameters and cell morphology showed dose-dependent toxicity of mancozeb in human erythrocytes. Mancozeb treatment caused hemoglobin oxidation and heme degradation. Protein and lipid oxidation were enhanced, while a significant decrease was seen in reduced glutathione and total sulfhydryl content. A significant increase in the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species was detected in mancozeb-treated erythrocytes. The antioxidant capacity and the activity of key antioxidant enzymes were greatly diminished, while crucial metabolic pathways were inhibited in erythrocytes. Damage to the erythrocyte membrane on mancozeb treatment was apparent from increased cell lysis and osmotic fragility, along with the impairment of the plasma membrane redox system. Mancozeb also caused morphological alterations and transformed the normal discoid-shaped erythrocytes into echinocytes and stomatocytes. Thus, mancozeb induces oxidative stress in human erythrocytes, impairs the antioxidant defense system, oxidizes cellular components, that will adversely affect erythrocyte structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhul Quds
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Zarmin Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Amin Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India
| | - Riaz Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, UP, India.
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Luiz MT, Dutra JAP, Di Filippo LD, Junior AGT, Tofani LB, Marchetti JM, Chorilli M. Epirubicin: Biological Properties, Analytical Methods, and Drug Delivery Nanosystems. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1080-1093. [PMID: 34818953 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2007469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Epirubicin (EPI) is a chemotherapeutic agent belonging to the anthracycline drug class indicated for treating several tumors. It acts by suppressing the DNA and RNA synthesis by intercalating between their base pair. However, several side effects are associated with this therapy, including cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression. Therefore, EPI delivery in nanosystems has been an interesting strategy to overcome these limitations and improve the safety and efficacy of EPI. Thus, analytical methods have been used to understand and characterize these nanosystems, including spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric, and chromatography. Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric methods have been used to quantify EPI in less complex matrices due to their efficiency, low cost, and green chemistry character. By contrast, high-performance liquid chromatography is a suitable method for detecting EPI in more complex matrices (e.g., plasm and urine) owing to its high sensitivity. This review summarizes physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of EPI, its application in drug delivery nanosystems, and the analytical methods employed in its quantification in different matrices, including blood, plasm, urine, and drug delivery nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Tavares Luiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Larissa Bueno Tofani
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maldonado Marchetti
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Science of São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Biochemical Evaluation of the Effects of Hydroxyurea in Vitro on Red Blood Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101599. [PMID: 34679734 PMCID: PMC8533185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyurea (HU) is a low-cost, low-toxicity drug that is often used in diseases, such as sickle cell anemia and different types of cancer. Its effects on the red blood cells (RBC) are still not fully understood. The in vitro effects of HU were evaluated on the biochemical parameters of the RBC from healthy individuals that were treated with 0.6 mM or 0.8 mM HU for 30 min and 1 h. After 30 min, there was a significant increase in almost all of the parameters analyzed in the two concentrations of HU, except for the pyruvate kinase (PK) activity. A treatment with 0.8 mM HU for 1 h resulted in a reduction of the levels of lipid peroxidation, Fe3+, and in the activities of some of the enzymes, such as glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and PK. After the incubation for 1 h, the levels of H2O2, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione (GSH), enzymatic activity (hexokinase, G6PD, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were reduced with the treatment of 0.8 mM HU when compared with 0.6 mM. The results have suggested that a treatment with HU at a concentration of 0.8 mM seemed to be more efficient in protecting against the free radicals, as well as in treating diseases, such as sickle cell anemia. HU appears to preferentially stimulate the pentose pathway over the glycolytic pathway. Although this study was carried out with the RBC from healthy individuals, the changes described in this study may help to elucidate the mechanisms of action of HU when administered for therapeutic purposes.
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Mameri A, Bournine L, Mouni L, Bensalem S, Iguer-Ouada M. Oxidative stress as an underlying mechanism of anticancer drugs cytotoxicity on human red blood cells' membrane. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 72:105106. [PMID: 33539984 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the direct in vitro effects of anticancer drugs on red blood cells (RBCs) and to explore the underlying mechanism, mainly by measuring RBCs oxidative stress (OS) status. After RBCs direct contact with fourteen (14) anticancer drugs, several parameters were assessed including: cellular turbidity, methemoglobin (metHb) generation, released Hb and Hb stability. Moreover, intracellular Hb, considered as new molecular target of anticancer drugs, was quantified inside RBCs. MDA level, the main biomarker of OS, was simultaneously measured. The cellular turbidity reveled severe (docetaxel "TXT", 0.03 ± 0.002), moderate (methotrexate "MTX", 0.49 ± 0.009), or none (5-fluorouracil "5-FU", 0.76 ± 0.029) membrane cytotoxicity (MC). An inverse relationship between cell concentration, released Hb and metHb content was obtained. High metHb generation, revealing intense OS, was also mostly expressed in paclitaxel "TXL" and etoposide "VP16". Further, epirubicin "EPI" and "TXT" induced important oxidation of membrane lipids with 0.32 ± 0.014 and 0.26 ± 0.004, respectively. Also, MTX (0.17 ± 0.006) and doxorubicin "DOX" (0.32 ± 0.034) affected significantly Hb stability by a direct contact with molecule. These findings demonstrated that anticancer drugs have the ability to induce membrane damages by the exacerbation of OS through membrane lipid peroxidation and Hb oxidation even inside RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Mameri
- Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Assurances Qualités (LGVRNAQ), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algeria
| | - Lamine Bournine
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algeria; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique (LBVEB), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria.
| | - Lotfi Mouni
- Laboratoire de Gestion et Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Assurances Qualités (LGVRNAQ), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algeria; Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, 10000 Bouira, Algeria
| | - Sihem Bensalem
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétales et Ethnobotanique (LBVEB), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Mokrane Iguer-Ouada
- Laboratoire Associé en Ecosystèmes Marins et Aquacoles (LAEMA), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algeria
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