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Nasimi Doost Azgomi R, Moini Jazani A, Karimi A, Pourreza S. Potential roles of genistein in polycystic ovary syndrome: A comprehensive systematic review. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175275. [PMID: 36108737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent polygenic endocrine disorders in reproductive-age women. Genistein is a soy-isolated phytoestrogen and isoflavone with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic, and antineoplastic activity. This systematic review aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of actions of genistein in PCOS. The present study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases up to February 2022 using relative keywords. Studies published in English evaluated genistein's effects on PCOS, and its related symptoms were considered. Out of 298 records screened, only 13 articles met the inclusion criteria: Nine animal and 4 human studies. The results of the current study indicated that genistein supplementation may effectively improve PCOS-related symptoms by decreasing insulin resistance and anthropometric indices, improving ovarian morphology and regulating reproductive hormones, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation by influencing biological pathways. According to the current literature, genistein may diminish the dues of PCOS. Therefore, this study shows that genistein can be considered an effective agent. in reducing the complications of PCOS. However, further studies are recommended for a broad conclusion on the exact mechanism of genistein in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Nasimi Doost Azgomi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Arezoo Moini Jazani
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Arash Karimi
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sanaz Pourreza
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Muccee F, Bijou O, Harakeh S, Adawiyah R, Sayyed RZ, Haghshenas L, Alshehri D, Ansari MJ, Ghazanfar S. In-Silico Investigation of Effects of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in PCOS-Associated CYP11A1 Gene on Mutated Proteins. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071231. [PMID: 35886014 PMCID: PMC9317558 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive disorder with multiple etiologies, mainly characterized by the excess production of androgens. It is equally contributed to by genes and environment. The CYP11A1 gene is imperative for steroidogenesis, so any dysregulation or mutation in this gene can lead to PCOS pathogenesis. Therefore, nucleotide diversity in this gene can be helpful in spotting the likelihood of developing PCOS. The present study was initiated to investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human CYP11A1 gene on different attributes of encoded mutated proteins, i.e., sub-cellular localization, ontology, half-life, isoelectric point, instability index, aliphatic index, extinction coefficient, 3-D and 2-D structures, and transmembrane topology. For this purpose, initially coding sequence (CDS) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were retrieved for the desired gene from Ensembl followed by translation of CDS using EXPASY tool. The protein sequence obtained was subjected to different tools including CELLO2GO, ProtParam, PHYRE2, I-Mutant, SIFT, and PolyPhen. It was found that out of seventy-eight SNPs analyzed in this project, seventeen mutations, i.e., rs750026801 in exon 1, rs776056840, rs779154292 and rs1217014229 in exon 2, rs549043326 in exon 3, rs755186597 in exon 4, rs1224774813, rs757299093 and rs1555425667 in exon 5, rs1454328072 in exon 7, rs762412759 and rs755975808 in exon 8, and rs754610565, rs779413653, rs765916701, rs1368450780, and rs747901197 in exon 9 considerably altered the structure, sub-cellular localization, and physicochemical characteristics of mutated proteins. Among the fifty-nine missense SNPs documented in present study, fifty-five and fifty-three were found to be deleterious according to SIFT and PolyPhen tools, respectively. Forty-nine missense mutations were analyzed to have a decreasing effect on the stability of mutant proteins. Hence, these genetic variants can serve as potential biomarkers in human females for determining the probability of being predisposed to PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Muccee
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore 52254, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-0331-4767254
| | - Osama Bijou
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Medicine (FM), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Yousef Abdul Latif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine (FM), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabi’atul Adawiyah
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia;
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, P.S.G.V.P. Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science and S.T.K.V.S. Sangh Commerce College, Shahada 425409, India;
| | - Leila Haghshenas
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Postdoc Association Member of Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02138, USA;
| | - Dikhnah Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly 244001, India;
| | - Shakira Ghazanfar
- National Institute for Genomics Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad 45500, Pakistan;
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Rahimi G, Shams S, Aslani MR. Effects of crocin supplementation on inflammatory markers, lipid profiles, insulin and cardioprotective indices in women with PCOS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:2605-2615. [PMID: 35470916 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial reproductive condition common in women of reproductive age. Hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and chronic low-grade inflammation are associated with PCOS. In a clinical trial study, women with PCOS were divided into two groups (n = 25 each): the intervention group receiving crocin (15 mg, twice daily) and the control group receiving a placebo. The duration of intervention in both groups was 12 weeks. Pre- and postintervention, demographic information, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) were measured. Intervention with crocin significantly increased the mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol postintervention compared to the placebo group, while exerting a suppressive effect on the increase in mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels. Intervention with crocin also exerted inhibitory effects on changes in FBG and insulin, so that crocin improved insulin and cardioprotective indices. Finally, despite the increased inflammatory markers (IL-6 and TNF-α) in the placebo group, crocin treatment had protective effects on their increased changes. Thus, crocin supplementation could be considered in the therapeutic targets of women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giti Rahimi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Saeideh Shams
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Aslani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Alwan IA, Al-Heety RA. Association of tumor necrosis factor-α (−308 G/A) and interleukin-10 (−1082 A/G) gene polymorphisms with polycystic ovary syndrome in Iraqi women. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2021.100976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Azin F, Khazali H. Neuropeptide galanin and its effects on metabolic and reproductive disturbances in female rats with estradiol valerate (EV) - Induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Neuropeptides 2020; 80:102026. [PMID: 32063381 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2020.102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A functional role of the neuropeptide galanin, executed through the three G-protein coupled receptor subtypes GAL₁₋₃, has been demonstrated in many biological systems and under pathological circumstances. Galanin is involved in many central and peripheral actions, in particular associated with endocrine mechanisms such as anterior pituitary hormone regulation, reproduction, glucose metabolism and also inflammation. The role of galanin in the pathology of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and possible therapeutic effects are unknown. However, based on the well known neuroendocrine changes in PCOS patients, it may be assumed that galanin via effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretory neurons could play a significant role in the development of PCOS. The aim of this study was to examine possible therapeutic effects of galanin on hormonal, metabolic and molecular parameters in PCOS. Accordingly, intraperitoneal injection of galanin in a dose- dependent manner in female PCOS rats induced a significant reduction in inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6), an increase in FSH and a decrease in LH, insulin and testosterone (using ELISA kit) compared to the PCOS groups. Moreover, data from real-time quantitative PCR showed significantly ameliorated changes in the mRNA levels of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19). Taken together, galanin has neuroendocrine, anti- and pro-inflammatory and metabolic effects, and we therefore suggest that treatment with this peptide could represent new therapeutic approach for managing hormonal and metabolic disturbances in the PCOS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Azin
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Homayoun Khazali
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Alivandi Farkhad S, Khazali H. Therapeutic effects of isoflavone-aglycone fraction from soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill) in rats with estradiol valerate-induced polycystic ovary syndrome as an inflammatory state. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:1078-1083. [PMID: 31185755 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1624715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a proinflammatory/oxidative state resulting in metabolic dysregulation and ovarian dysfunction. Isoflavones in soybean seed possess anti-inflammatory/antioxidant properties. So, in this study, the effects of soybean isoflavone-aglycones on tissue inflammation, oxidative status, and ovarian histology in an animal model of PCOS were considered to achieve a novel therapeutic agent. Thirty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 8): a control group receiving the vehicle (CON-); a group with PCOS receiving no treatment (PCOS); and two groups of PCOS rats treated with soybean isoflavone-aglycone fraction (SISAF) at 50 and 100 mg/kg (SISAF50 and SISAF100). PCOS was induced by injecting a single dose of estradiol valerate (4 mg/kg, IM) dissolved in 0.2 ml of sesame oil following 60 days for the full development of polycystic ovaries. The SISAF treatments were administered orally once a day for 21 days. Then, the ovaries were harvested for the assessment of oxidative/antioxidative parameters, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels concomitant with histological studies. Treatment with SISAF reduced the number of cystic follicles and thickness of the theca layer, as well as increasing the number of corpora lutea and granulosa cells in PCOS rats. Also, SISAF treatment significantly decreased ovarian tissue IL-6 and TNF-α levels, and improved total oxidative/antioxidative status compared to the PCOS group. Isoflavones may provide therapeutic effects in PCOS owing to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Alivandi Farkhad
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homayoun Khazali
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Shaaban Z, Khoradmehr A, Amiri-Yekta A, Jafarzadeh Shirazi MR, Tamadon A. Pathophysiologic mechanisms of obesity- and chronic inflammation-related genes in etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:1378-1386. [PMID: 32133054 PMCID: PMC7043875 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.14029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES One of the common heterogeneous reproductive disorders in women of childbearing age is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). It is characterized by lack of fertility due to anovulatory cycles, hyperandrogenemia, polycystic ovaries, hyperinsulinemia, and obesity. Both reproductive anomalies and metabolic disorders are involved in PCOS pathology. Although the role of increased levels of androgens in initiation of PCOS is almost proven, mechanisms of PCOS pathophysiology are not clear. Here we discuss roles of altered metabolic conditions, obesity, and chronic inflammation in PCOS pathophysiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this review, we attempted to identify genes related to obesity and chronic inflammation aspects of PCOS and their physiological functions to explain the pathways that are regulated by these genes and can be a prominent function in PCOS predisposition. For this purpose, published articles and reviews dealing with genetic evaluation of PCOS in women in peer-reviewed journals in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were included in this review. RESULTS Obesity and chronic inflammation are not prominent diagnostic features of PCOS, but they play an important role in exacerbating metabolic and hyperandrogenic states. ADIPOQ, FTO TGFβ, and DENND1A as the main obesity- and chronic inflammation-related genes have roles in PCOS pathophysiology. CONCLUSION It seems that genes related to obesity pathology in genomic research association, are related to metabolic aspects and body mass index in PCOS patients. Genomes have roles in chronic inflammation, followed by obesity, in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Shaaban
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amir Amiri-Yekta
- Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Dawood A, Alkafrawy N, Saleh S, Noreldin R, Zewain S. The relationship between IL-18 and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in Egyptian lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Gynecol Endocrinol 2018; 34:294-297. [PMID: 29105530 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2017.1395835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. The evidence in support of low-grade inflammation in PCOS as an etiology is emerging. Inflammation is likely to be associated with other prominent aspects of PCOS including insulin resistance (IR) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is considered as a strong marker of inflammation. OBJECTIVES Evaluation of the relation between serum IL-18 and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk in Egyptian lean females with PCO. METHODS This study included control group of healthy lean normally menstruating females, lean PCOS group (BMI < 25 kg/m2), and obese PCOS group (BMI > 25 kg/m2) presented with infertility and diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria. Measurements of serum lipid profile, IR, and IL-18 were done. RESULTS Lipid accumulation product (LAP), IR and ASCVD risk were significantly higher in PCOS patients (lean and obese) compared to controls and in obese compared to lean. Serum IL-18 was significantly higher in the PCOV groups compared to the controls and correlated directly with LAP, IR and ASCVD risk. CONCLUSION IL-18 is elevated in PCOS patients even in lean ones and is correlated with IR and ASCVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaaeldin Dawood
- a Internal Medicine , Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom , Egypt
| | - Nabil Alkafrawy
- a Internal Medicine , Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom , Egypt
| | - Said Saleh
- b Obstetrics and Gynecology , Faculty of Medicine-Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom , Egypt
| | - Rasha Noreldin
- c Clinical Pathology , Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom , Egypt
| | - Shimaa Zewain
- a Internal Medicine , Menoufia University , Shebin El-Kom , Egypt
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Seow KM, Lee WL, Wang PH. A challenge in the management of women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 55:157-8. [PMID: 27125394 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Min Seow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Oriental Institute of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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