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Abstract
The risk of emergence and spread of novel human pathogens originating from an animal reservoir has increased in the past decades. However, the unpredictable nature of disease emergence makes surveillance and preparedness challenging. Knowledge of general risk factors for emergence and spread, combined with local level data is needed to develop a risk-based methodology for early detection. This involves the implementation of the One Health approach, integrating human, animal and environmental health sectors, as well as social sciences, bioinformatics and more. Recent technical advances, such as metagenomic sequencing, will aid the rapid detection of novel pathogens on the human-animal interface.
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Venturi G, Aberle SW, Avšič-Županc T, Barzon L, Batejat C, Burdino E, Carletti F, Charrel R, Christova I, Connell J, Corman VM, Emmanouil M, Jääskeläinen AJ, Kurolt I, Lustig Y, Martinez MJ, Koopmans M, Nagy O, Nguyen T, Papa A, Pérez-Ruiz M, Pfeffer M, Protic J, Reimerink J, Rossini G, Sánchez-Seco Fariñas MP, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Söderholm S, Sudre B, Van Esbroeck M, Reusken CB. Specialist laboratory networks as preparedness and response tool - the Emerging Viral Diseases-Expert Laboratory Network and the Chikungunya outbreak, Thailand, 2019. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25. [PMID: 32265004 PMCID: PMC7140599 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020.25.13.1900438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We illustrate the potential for specialist laboratory networks to be used as preparedness and response tool through rapid collection and sharing of data. Here, the Emerging Viral Diseases-Expert Laboratory Network (EVD-LabNet) and a laboratory assessment of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in returning European travellers related to an ongoing outbreak in Thailand was used for this purpose. EVD-LabNet rapidly collected data on laboratory requests, diagnosed CHIKV imported cases and sequences generated, and shared among its members and with the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Data across the network showed an increase in CHIKV imported cases during 1 October 2018–30 April 2019 vs the same period in 2018 (172 vs 50), particularly an increase in cases known to be related to travel to Thailand (72 vs 1). Moreover, EVD-LabNet showed that strains were imported from Thailand that cluster with strains of the ECSA-IOL E1 A226 variant emerging in Pakistan in 2016 and involved in the 2017 outbreaks in Italy. CHIKV diagnostic requests increased by 23.6% between the two periods. The impact of using EVD-LabNet or similar networks as preparedness and response tool could be improved by standardisation of the collection, quality and mining of data in routine laboratory management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulietta Venturi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephan W Aberle
- Center for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tatjana Avšič-Županc
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luisa Barzon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Christoph Batejat
- Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (CIBU), Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Burdino
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carletti
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rémi Charrel
- Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE: Aix Marseille Univ, IRD 190, INSERM 1207, IRBA, IHU Méditerranée Infection), Marseille, France
| | - Iva Christova
- National Reference Vector-borne pathogens Laboratory, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jeff Connell
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Victor Max Corman
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Virology, Labor Berlin, Charité-Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mary Emmanouil
- Diagnostic Services Laboratory, Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
| | - Anne J Jääskeläinen
- Virology and Immunology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivan Kurolt
- Research unit, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases 'Dr. Fran Mihaljević', Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Yaniv Lustig
- Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Miguel J Martinez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marion Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Orsolya Nagy
- Department of Virology, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Trung Nguyen
- Département de Microbiologie, Laboratoire national de santé, Luxemburg
| | - Anna Papa
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mercedes Pérez-Ruiz
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Granada, Spain
| | - Martin Pfeffer
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jelena Protic
- National Reference Laboratory for ARBO viruses and haemorrhagic fever, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Johan Reimerink
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Giada Rossini
- Regional Reference Centre for Microbiological Emergencies (CRREM), Unit of Clinical Microbiology, St Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Haemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Söderholm
- Department of Microbiology, The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden
| | - Bertrand Sudre
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden
| | - Marjan Van Esbroeck
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Chantal B Reusken
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.,Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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- The members of the CHIKV-Working Group are listed at the end of the article
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Mögling R, Zeller H, Revez J, Koopmans M, Reusken C. Status, quality and specific needs of Zika virus (ZIKV) diagnostic capacity and capability in National Reference Laboratories for arboviruses in 30 EU/EEA countries, May 2016. Euro Surveill 2017; 22:30609. [PMID: 28920574 PMCID: PMC5685210 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.36.30609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
With international travel, Zika virus (ZIKV) is introduced to Europe regularly. A country's ability to robustly detect ZIKV introduction and local transmission is important to minimise the risk for a ZIKV outbreak. Therefore, sufficient expertise and diagnostic capacity and capability are required in European laboratories. To assess the capacity, quality, operational specifics (guidelines and algorithms), technical and interpretation issues and other possible difficulties that were related to ZIKV diagnostics in European countries, a questionnaire was conducted among national reference laboratories in 30 countries in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) in May 2016. While the coverage and capacity of ZIKV diagnostics in the EU/EEA national reference laboratories were found to be adequate, the assessment of the quality and needs indicated several crucial points of improvement that will need support at national and EU/EEA level to improve ZIKV preparedness, response and EU/EEA ZIKV surveillance activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Mögling
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hervé Zeller
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joana Revez
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marion Koopmans
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Reusken
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Oei W, Lieshout-Krikke RW, Kretzschmar ME, Zaaijer HL, Coutinho RA, Eersel M, Jubithana B, Halabi Y, Gerstenbluth I, Maduro E, Tromp M, Janssen MP. Estimating the risk of dengue transmission from Dutch blood donors travelling to Suriname and the Dutch Caribbean. Vox Sang 2016; 110:301-9. [PMID: 26765798 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of dengue transmitted by travellers is known. Methods to estimate the transmission by transfusion (TT) risk from blood donors travelling to risk areas are available, for instance, the European Up-Front Risk Assessment Tool (EUFRAT). This study aimed to validate the estimated risk from travelling donors obtained from EUFRAT. METHODS Surveillance data on notified dengue cases in Suriname and the Dutch Caribbean islands (Aruba, Curaçao, St. Maarten, Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba) in 2001-2011 was used to calculate local incidence rates. Information on travel and donation behaviour of Dutch donors was collected. With the EUFRAT model, the TT risks from Dutch travelling donors were calculated. Model estimates were compared with the number of infections in Dutch travellers found by laboratory tests in the Netherlands. RESULTS The expected cumulative number of donors becoming infected during travels to Suriname and the Dutch Caribbean from 2001 to 2011 was estimated at 5 (95% CI, 2-11) and 86 (45-179), respectively. The infection risk inferred from the laboratory-based study was 19 (9-61) and 28 (14-92). Given the independence of the data sources, these estimates are remarkably close. The model estimated that 0·02 (0·001-0·06) and 0·40 (0·01-1·4) recipients would have been infected by these travelling donors. CONCLUSIONS The EUFRAT model provided an estimate close to actual observed number of dengue infections. The dengue TT risk among Dutch travelling donors can be estimated using basic transmission, travel and donation information. The TT risk from Dutch donors travelling to Suriname and the Dutch Caribbean is small.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Oei
- Transfusion Technology Assessment Unit, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - R W Lieshout-Krikke
- Department of blood-borne infections, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M E Kretzschmar
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - H L Zaaijer
- Department of blood-borne infections, Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - R A Coutinho
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - M Eersel
- Department of Public Health Suriname, Epidemiology Unit, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - B Jubithana
- Department of Public Health Suriname, Epidemiology Unit, Paramaribo, Suriname
| | - Y Halabi
- Epidemiology and Research Unit, Ministry of Health, The Environment and Nature, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - I Gerstenbluth
- Epidemiology and Research Unit, Ministry of Health, The Environment and Nature, Willemstad, Curaçao
| | - E Maduro
- Department of Public Health Aruba, Epidemiology and Research Unit, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - M Tromp
- Department of Public Health Aruba, Epidemiology and Research Unit, Oranjestad, Aruba
| | - M P Janssen
- Transfusion Technology Assessment Unit, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Syndromic Approach to Arboviral Diagnostics for Global Travelers as a Basis for Infectious Disease Surveillance. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0004073. [PMID: 26372010 PMCID: PMC4570817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arboviruses have overlapping geographical distributions and can cause symptoms that coincide with more common infections. Therefore, arbovirus infections are often neglected by travel diagnostics. Here, we assessed the potential of syndrome-based approaches for diagnosis and surveillance of neglected arboviral diseases in returning travelers. METHOD To map the patients high at risk of missed clinical arboviral infections we compared the quantity of all arboviral diagnostic requests by physicians in the Netherlands, from 2009 through 2013, with a literature-based assessment of the travelers' likely exposure to an arbovirus. RESULTS 2153 patients, with travel and clinical history were evaluated. The diagnostic assay for dengue virus (DENV) was the most commonly requested (86%). Of travelers returning from Southeast Asia with symptoms compatible with chikungunya virus (CHIKV), only 55% were tested. For travelers in Europe, arbovirus diagnostics were rarely requested. Over all, diagnostics for most arboviruses were requested only on severe clinical presentation. CONCLUSION Travel destination and syndrome were used inconsistently for triage of diagnostics, likely resulting in vast under-diagnosis of arboviral infections of public health significance. This study shows the need for more awareness among physicians and standardization of syndromic diagnostic algorithms.
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Cunha BA, Raza M. During influenza season: all influenza-like illnesses are not due to influenza: dengue mimicking influenza. J Emerg Med 2015; 48:e117-20. [PMID: 25736548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During influenza season, many patients present to the emergency department (ED) for evaluation with influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). ILIs are commonly due to influenza A or B, but other infections may mimic influenza in their clinical presentation. With the high volume of ILIs presenting to the ED during influenza season, the ED physician should be alert to other infections masquerading as influenza. CASE REPORT We report an interesting case of a 31-year-old female who presented with an ILI during influenza season. She had recently been in contact with multiple people with influenza. Her nonspecific laboratory tests done in the ED were consistent with influenza, except for a highly elevated serum ferritin level. The serum ferritin level was the key finding that led to the correct diagnosis of dengue fever, which she acquired during a recent trip to Haiti. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: During influenza season, facing high patient volumes of ILIs in the ED, the ED physician needs to be aware of clinical features in ILIs that may suggest a mimic of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burke A Cunha
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York; State University of New York School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Muhammad Raza
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York; State University of New York School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
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