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Pando P, Vattamparambil AS, Sheth S, Landry GM. Acute lead (Pb 2+) exposure increases calcium oxalate crystallization in the inner medullary collecting duct, and is ameliorated by Ca 2+/Mg 2+-ATPase inhibition, as well as Capa receptor and SPoCk C knockdown in a Drosophila melanogaster model of nephrolithiasis. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 402:111201. [PMID: 39153536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones accumulate within the renal tubule due to high concentrations of insoluble deposits in the urine. Pb2+-induced Ca2+ mobilization along with Pb2+-induced nephrotoxic effects within the proximal tubule have been well established; however, Pb2+ mediated effects within the collecting duct remains insufficiently studied. Thus in vitro and ex vivo model systems were treated with increasing concentrations of lead (II) acetate (PbAc) ± sodium oxalate (Na2C2O4) for 1 h, both individually and in combination. Pb2+-mediated solution turbidity increased 2 to 5 times greater post-exposure to 75, 100 and 200 μM Pb2+ with the additional co-treatment of 10 mM oxalate in mouse inner medullary collecting duct (mIMCD-3) cells. Additionally, 100 μM and 200 μM Pb2+ alone induced significant levels of intracellular Ca2+ release. To validate Pb2+-mediated effects on the formation of CaOx crystals, alizarin red staining confirmed the presence of CaOx crystallization. Pb2+-induced intracellular Ca2+ was also observed ex vivo in fly Malpighian tubules with significant increases in CaOx crystal formation via Pb2+-induced intracellular Ca2+ release significantly increasing the average crystal number, size, and total area of crystal formation, which was ameliorated by tissue-specific SPoCk C transporter and Capa receptor knockdown. These studies demonstrate Pb2+-induced Ca2+ release likely increases the formation of CaOx crystals, which is modulated by a Gq-linked mechanism with concurrent Ca2+ extracellular mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penelope Pando
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anoushka S Vattamparambil
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanjana Sheth
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Greg M Landry
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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2
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Quan Y, Yu X. The Cytotoxic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by Uranium. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:525. [PMID: 39056718 PMCID: PMC11274140 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Bone is a major tissue for uranium deposition in human body. Considering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a vital role in bone formation and injury recovery, studying the mechanism of MSCs responding to uranium poisoning can benefit the understanding of bone damage and repair after uranium exposure. Cellular structural alterations were analyzed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Changes in cellular behaviors were assessed through cellular viability, apoptosis, and the production of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In addition, the influence of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) on uranium toxicity was assessed. The disruption of MSCs was elevated with the increase in uranyl nitrate concentration, as shown by TEM micrograph. This was verified by the results of cellular viability and DSB production. Interestingly, the results of apoptosis assay indicated significant apoptosis occurred, which was accompanied with an obvious disruption of cellular membranes. Furthermore, closely contacted cell confluence groups exhibited resistant to uranium poisoning in contrast to sparse growth groups, which can be eliminated with the pretreatment of a GJIC inhibitor in the close connection group. To verify the association between GJIC and cytotoxic effects of uranyl nitrate, GJIC function was evaluated by wound healing and cellular migration. The results showed an inhibition of the healing ratio and migration ability induced by the exposure of uranyl nitrate. The low transfer efficiency of the dye coupling experiment and depressed expression of gap functional protein connexins confirmed the impairment of GJIC function. These results suggest that uranium toxicity is involved with GJIC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Quan
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China;
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Senwitz C, Butscher D, Holtmann L, Vogel M, Steudtner R, Drobot B, Stumpf T, Barkleit A, Heller A. Effect of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on rat NRK-52E and human HEK-293 kidney cells in vitro. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 923:171374. [PMID: 38432374 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a potential health risk to humans when they enter the organism. Renal excretion is one of the elimination pathways and, therefore, investigations with kidney cells are of particular interest. In the present study, the effects of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on rat and human renal cells were investigated in vitro. A combination of microscopic, biochemical, analytical, and spectroscopic methods was used to assess cell viability, cell death mechanisms, and intracellular metal uptake of exposed cells as well as metal speciation in cell culture medium and inside cells. For Eu(III) and U(VI), cytotoxicity and intracellular uptake are positively correlated and depend on concentration and exposure time. An enhanced apoptosis occurs upon Eu(III) exposure whereas U(VI) exposure leads to enhanced apoptosis and (secondary) necrosis. In contrast to that, Ba(II) exhibits no cytotoxic effect at all and its intracellular uptake is time-independently very low. In general, both cell lines give similar results with rat cells being more sensitive than human cells. The dominant binding motifs of Eu(III) in cell culture medium as well as cell suspensions are (organo-) phosphate groups. Additionally, a protein complex is formed in medium at low Eu(III) concentration. In contrast, U(VI) forms a carbonate complex in cell culture medium as well as each one phosphate and carbonate complex in cell suspensions. Using chemical microscopy, Eu(III) was localized in granular, vesicular compartments near the nucleus and the intracellular Eu(III) species equals the one in cell suspensions. Overall, this study contributes to a better understanding of the interactions of Ba(II), Eu(III), and U(VI) on a cellular and molecular level. Since Ba(II) and Eu(III) serve as inactive analogs of the radioactive Ra(II) and Am(III)/Cm(III), the results of this study are also of importance for the health risk assessment of these radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Senwitz
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, SG 4.6 Radiation Protection, Central Radionuclide Laboratory, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Butscher
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Linus Holtmann
- Leibniz Universität Hannover, Institute of Radioecology and Radiation Protection, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Manja Vogel
- VKTA - Strahlenschutz, Analytik & Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Barkleit
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Heller
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Professorship of Radiochemistry/Radioecology, 01062 Dresden, Germany; Technische Universität Dresden, SG 4.6 Radiation Protection, Central Radionuclide Laboratory, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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Coyte RM, Harkness JS, Darrah TH. The Abundance of Trace Elements in Human Bone Relative to Bone Type and Bone Pathology. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2021GH000556. [PMID: 35663618 PMCID: PMC9148180 DOI: 10.1029/2021gh000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As the global population ages and the proportion of individuals afflicted with musculoskeletal disease spirals upward, there is an increasing interest in understanding and preventing bone-related diseases. Bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, are known to be influenced by a variety of factors including age, gender, nutrition, and genetics, but are also inherently linked to the human body's ability to produce biominerals of suitable quality. Because the crystal lattice structure and mineralogy of bone hydroxyapatite is surprisingly analogous to geological hydroxyapatite, trace element levels and exposure have long been proposed to influence the structure of biominerals as they do geological minerals (e.g., strontium substitution changes the crystal lattice of bone minerals, while toxic lead disrupt bone cellular processes leading to bone disease). Here, we explore the distribution of trace elements in human bones to evaluate the distribution of these elements with respect to bone type (cortical vs. trabecular) and bone disease (osteoarthritis vs. osteoporosis). We find higher concentrations of many metabolically active transition metals, as well as lead, in cortical bone compared to trabecular bone. When compared to patients who have osteoarthritis, and thus presumably normal bone minerals, osteoporosis patients have higher concentrations of scandium and chromium (Cr) in trabecular bone, and Cr and lead in cortical bone. Lower concentrations of barium and titanium are associated with osteoporotic trabecular bone. This survey is an exploratory cross-sectional geochemical examination of several trace element concentrations previously understudied in human bone minerals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Coyte
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
| | - Jennifer S. Harkness
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Now at California Water Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveySacramentoCAUSA
| | - Thomas H. Darrah
- School of Earth SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
- Global Water InstituteThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA
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Guéguen Y, Frerejacques M. Review of Knowledge of Uranium-Induced Kidney Toxicity for the Development of an Adverse Outcome Pathway to Renal Impairment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084397. [PMID: 35457214 PMCID: PMC9030063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An adverse outcome pathway (AOP) is a conceptual construct of causally and sequentially linked events, which occur during exposure to stressors, with an adverse outcome relevant to risk assessment. The development of an AOP is a means of identifying knowledge gaps in order to prioritize research assessing the health risks associated with exposure to physical or chemical stressors. In this paper, a review of knowledge was proposed, examining experimental and epidemiological data, in order to identify relevant key events and potential key event relationships in an AOP for renal impairment, relevant to stressors such as uranium (U). Other stressors may promote similar pathways, and this review is a necessary step to compare and combine knowledge reported for nephrotoxicants. U metal ions are filtered through the glomerular membrane of the kidneys, then concentrate in the cortical and juxtaglomerular areas, and bind to the brush border membrane of the proximal convoluted tubules. U uptake by epithelial cells occurs through endocytosis and the sodium-dependent phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-IIa). The identified key events start with the inhibition of the mitochondria electron transfer chain and the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, due to cytochrome b5/cytochrome c disruption. In the nucleus, U directly interacts with negatively charged DNA phosphate, thereby inducing an adduct formation, and possibly DNA strand breaks or cross-links. U also compromises DNA repair by inhibiting zing finger proteins. Thereafter, U triggers the Nrf2, NF-κB, or endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways. The resulting cellular key events include oxidative stress, DNA strand breaks and chromosomal aberrations, apoptosis, and pro-inflammatory effects. Finally, the main adverse outcome is tubular damage of the S2 and S3 segments of the kidneys, leading to tubular cell death, and then kidney failure. The attribution of renal carcinogenesis due to U is controversial, and specific experimental or epidemiological studies must be conducted. A tentative construction of an AOP for uranium-induced kidney toxicity and failure was proposed.
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Joseph SJ, Arunachalam KD, Murthy PB, Ramalingam R, Musthafa MS. Uranium induces genomic instability and slows cell cycle progression in human lymphocytes in acute toxicity study. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 73:105149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Low doses of uranium and osteoclastic bone resorption: key reciprocal effects evidenced using new in vitro biomimetic models of bone matrix. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:1023-1037. [PMID: 33426622 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Uranium is widely spread in the environment due to its natural and anthropogenic occurrences, hence the importance of understanding its impact on human health. The skeleton is the main site of long-term accumulation of this actinide. However, interactions of this metal with biological processes involving the mineralized extracellular matrix and bone cells are still poorly understood. To get a better insight into these interactions, we developed new biomimetic bone matrices containing low doses of natural uranium (up to 0.85 µg of uranium per cm2). These models were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic approaches before being used as a support for the culture and differentiation of pre-osteoclastic cells. In doing so, we demonstrate that uranium can exert opposite effects on osteoclast resorption depending on its concentration in the bone microenvironment. Our results also provide evidence for the first time that resorption contributes to the remobilization of bone matrix-bound uranium. In agreement with this, we identified, by HRTEM, uranium phosphate internalized in vesicles of resorbing osteoclasts. Thanks to the biomimetic matrices we developed, this study highlights the complex mutual effects between osteoclasts and uranium. This demonstrates the relevance of these 3D models to further study the cellular mechanisms at play in response to uranium storage in bone tissue, and thus better understand the impact of environmental exposure to uranium on human bone health.
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Hurault L, Creff G, Hagège A, Santucci-Darmanin S, Pagnotta S, Farlay D, Den Auwer C, Pierrefite-Carle V, Carle GF. Uranium Effect on Osteocytic Cells In Vitro. Toxicol Sci 2020; 170:199-209. [PMID: 31120128 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Once absorbed in the body, natural uranium [U(VI)], a radionucleotide naturally present in the environment, is targeted to the skeleton which is the long-term storage organ. We and others have reported the U(VI) negative effects on osteoblasts (OB) and osteoclasts (OC), the main two cell types involved in bone remodeling. In the present work, we addressed the U(VI) effect on osteocytes (OST), the longest living bone cell type and the more numerous (> 90%). These cells, which are embedded in bone matrix and thus are the more prone to U(VI) long-term exposure, are now considered as the chief orchestrators of the bone remodeling process. Our results show that the cytotoxicity index of OST is close to 730 µM, which is about twice the one reported for OB and OC. However, despite this resistance potential, we observed that chronic U(VI) exposure as low as 5 µM led to a drastic decrease of the OST mineralization function. Gene expression analysis showed that this impairment could potentially be linked to an altered differentiation process of these cells. We also observed that U(VI) was able to trigger autophagy, a highly conserved survival mechanism. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis at the U LIII edge of OST cells exposed to U(VI) unambiguously shows the formation of an uranyl phosphate phase in which the uranyl local structure is similar to the one present in Autunite. Thus, our results demonstrate for the first time that OST mineralization function can be affected by U(VI) exposure as low as 5 µM, suggesting that prolonged exposure could alter the central role of these cells in the bone environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Hurault
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Université Côte d'Azur 06107 Nice
| | - Gaelle Creff
- UMR7272 Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Nice
| | - Agnès Hagège
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon
| | - Sabine Santucci-Darmanin
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Université Côte d'Azur 06107 Nice
| | - Sophie Pagnotta
- Centre Commun de Microscopie Appliquée, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice
| | | | | | - Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Université Côte d'Azur 06107 Nice
| | - Georges F Carle
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, Université Côte d'Azur 06107 Nice
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Creff G, Zurita C, Jeanson A, Carle G, Vidaud C, Den Auwer C. What do we know about actinides-proteins interactions? RADIOCHIM ACTA 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/ract-2019-3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the early 40s when the first research related to the development of the atomic bomb began for the Manhattan Project, actinides (An) and their association with the use of nuclear energy for civil applications, such as in the generation of electricity, have been a constant source of interest and fear. In 1962, the first Society of Toxicology (SOT), led by H. Hodge, was established at the University of Rochester (USA). It was commissioned as part of the Manhattan Project to assess the impact of nuclear weapons production on workers’ health. As a result of this initiative, the retention and excretion rates of radioactive heavy metals, their physiological impact in the event of acute exposure and their main biological targets were assessed. In this context, the scientific community began to focus on the role of proteins in the transportation and in vivo accumulation of An. The first studies focused on the identification of these proteins. Thereafter, the continuous development of physico-chemical characterization techniques has made it possible to go further and specify the modes of interaction with proteins from both a thermodynamic and structural point of view, as well as from the point of view of their biological activity. This article reviews the work performed in this area since the Manhattan Project. It is divided into three parts: first, the identification of the most affine proteins; second, the study of the affinity and structure of protein-An complexes; and third, the impact of actinide ligation on protein conformation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Creff
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice , 06108 Nice , France
| | - Cyril Zurita
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice , 06108 Nice , France
| | - Aurélie Jeanson
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice , 06108 Nice , France
| | - Georges Carle
- Université Côte d’Azur, CEA, UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs , 06100 Nice , France
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA DRF, CNRS, UMR 7265, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies d’Aix-Marseille , 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance , France
| | - Christophe Den Auwer
- Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice , 06108 Nice , France
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Paisrisarn P, Tepaamorndech S, Khongkow M, Khemthong P, Kasamechonchung P, Klysubun W, Wutikhun T, Huang L, Chantarasakha K, Boonrungsiman S. Alterations of mineralized matrix by lead exposure in osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) culture. Toxicol Lett 2018; 299:172-181. [PMID: 30312686 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of lead (Pb) on bone ultrastructure and chemistry using an in vitro bone model. MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were differentiated and treated with lead acetate at 0.4, 2, 10, and 50 μM. No abnormalities in either cell growth or bone nodule formation were observed with the treated dose of lead acetate. However, Pb treatments could significantly increase Pb accumulation in differentiated osteoblast cultures and upregulate expression of Divalent metal transporter 1 (Dmt1) in a dose dependent manner. Pb treatments also altered the expression of osteogenic genes, including secreted phosphoprotein 1, osteocalcin, type I collagen, and osteoprotegerin. Moreover, in mineralized osteoblast cultures, Pb was found to be mainly deposited as Pb salts and oxides, respectively. Ultrastructure analysis revealed Pb localizing with calcium and phosphorus in the mineralized matrix. In mineralizing osteoblast cells, Pb was found in the intracellular calcified vesicles which is one of the bone mineralization mechanisms. Pb was also present in mineral deposits with various shapes and sizes, such as small and large globular or needle-like mineral deposits representing early to mature stages of mineral deposits. Furthermore, Pb was found more in the globular deposits than the needle shaped mineral crystals. Taken together, our observations revealed how Pb incorporates into bone tissue, and showed a close association with bone apatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyawan Paisrisarn
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Surapun Tepaamorndech
- National Center of Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Mattaka Khongkow
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Pongtanawat Khemthong
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Panita Kasamechonchung
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wantana Klysubun
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute, 111 University Avenue, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Tuksadon Wutikhun
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Liping Huang
- USDA/ARS/Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kanittha Chantarasakha
- National Center of Genetic engineering and Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Suwimon Boonrungsiman
- National Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 111 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand.
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Liu SY, Huang Q, Gu X, Zhang B, Shen W, Tian P, Zeng Y, Qin LZ, Ye LX, Ni ZM, Wang Q. Association of Bone Turnover Levels with MTHFR Gene Polymorphisms among Pregnant Women in Wuhan, China. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:602-609. [PMID: 30128868 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1920-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a critical stimulator of bone mineral resorption. We used to find the MTHFR gene polymorphisms are related with blood lead levels among pregnant women. Pregnancy-stimulated bone turnover may be associated with MTHFR gene polymorphisms too. In this article, we aimed to determine the relationship between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and bone turnover rates among the pregnant women. The participants including pregnant and non-pregnant women were selected and recruited during their routine prenatal or physical examination from July to October in 2012. A total of 1000 participants, including 250 pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters and 250 non-pregnant women, were enrolled in the study. Finally, after excluding 27 participants unable to provide blood samples, 973 eligible participants (i.e., 234,249, and 248 pregnant women in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively, and 242 non-pregnant women) were included in the research. The MTHFR gene 1298CC homozygote carriers were more susceptible to yield higher plasma homocysteine levels than the 1298AA/AC carriers, with standardized coefficients of 0.086 (P<0.05) and 0.104 (P<0.01) of all the participants and the pregnant women, respectively. The MTHFR gene 1793AA homozygote carriers more likely showed higher plasma osteocalcin levels (standardized β=0.091,P<0.01) than the 1793GG/GA carriers among all the subjects. Plasma homocysteine levels were positively correlated with blood lead levels among the participants and the pregnant women with standardized coefficients of 0.320 (P<0.01) and 0.179 (P<0.01), respectively. Plasma osteocalcin levels were positively associated with blood lead levels among pregnant and non-pregnant women with standardized coefficients of 0.084 (P<0.05) and 0.125 (P<0.01), respectively. In conclusion, homocysteine and osteocalcin contents in plasma are associated with the MTHFR gene A1298C polymorphism and blood lead levels among pregnant women. The MTHFR gene A1298C polymorphism-related homocysteine is a possible risk factor for increased blood lead levels among Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xue Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Wuhan Women and Children Medical Care Center, Wuhan, 430016, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ping Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yun Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ling-Zhi Qin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lin-Xiang Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ze-Min Ni
- Women and Children Medical Center of Jiang-an District, Wuhan, 430017, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Gritsaenko T, Pierrefite-Carle V, Creff G, Vidaud C, Carle G, Santucci-Darmanin S. Methods for Analyzing the Impacts of Natural Uranium on In Vitro Osteoclastogenesis. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29443101 DOI: 10.3791/56499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranium has been shown to interfere with bone physiology and it is well established that this metal accumulates in bone. However, little is known about the effect of natural uranium on the behavior of bone cells. In particular, the impact of uranium on osteoclasts, the cells responsible for the resorption of the bone matrix, is not documented. To investigate this issue, we have established a new protocol using uranyl acetate as a source of natural uranium and the murine RAW 264.7 cell line as a model of osteoclast precursors. Herein, we detailed all the assays required to test uranium cytotoxicity on osteoclast precursors and to evaluate its impact on the osteoclastogenesis and on the resorbing function of mature osteoclasts. The conditions we have developed, in particular for the preparation of uranyl-containing culture media and for the seeding of RAW 264.7 cells allow to obtain reliable and highly reproductive results. Moreover, we have optimized the use of software tools to facilitate the analysis of various parameters such as the size of osteoclasts or the percentage of resorbed matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gaëlle Creff
- UMR 7272 Institut de Chimie de Nice CNRS, Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis
| | - Claude Vidaud
- CEA, Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Biosciences and Biotechnologies Institute (BIAM)
| | - Georges Carle
- UMR E-4320 TIRO-MATOs CEA/DRF/BIAM, Université Nice Sophia-Antipolis
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13
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Levina A, Crans DC, Lay PA. Speciation of metal drugs, supplements and toxins in media and bodily fluids controls in vitro activities. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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14
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Natural uranium impairs the differentiation and the resorbing function of osteoclasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:715-726. [PMID: 28089586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uranium is a naturally occurring radionuclide ubiquitously present in the environment. The skeleton is the main site of uranium long-term accumulation. While it has been shown that natural uranium is able to perturb bone metabolism through its chemical toxicity, its impact on bone resorption by osteoclasts has been poorly explored. Here, we examined for the first time in vitro effects of natural uranium on osteoclasts. METHODS The effects of uranium on the RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophage mouse cell line and primary murine osteoclastic cells were characterized by biochemical, molecular and functional analyses. RESULTS We observed a cytotoxicity effect of uranium on osteoclast precursors. Uranium concentrations in the μM range are able to inhibit osteoclast formation, mature osteoclast survival and mineral resorption but don't affect the expression of the osteoclast gene markers Nfatc1, Dc-stamp, Ctsk, Acp5, Atp6v0a3 or Atp6v0d2 in RAW 274.7 cells. Instead, we observed that uranium induces a dose-dependent accumulation of SQSTM1/p62 during osteoclastogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We show here that uranium impairs osteoclast formation and function in vitro. The decrease in available precursor cells, as well as the reduced viability of mature osteoclasts appears to account for these effects of uranium. The SQSTM1/p62 level increase observed in response to uranium exposure is of particular interest since this protein is a known regulator of osteoclast formation. A tempting hypothesis discussed herein is that SQSTM1/p62 dysregulation contributes to uranium effects on osteoclastogenesis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We describe cellular and molecular effects of uranium that potentially affect bone homeostasis.
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Guéguen Y, Roy L, Hornhardt S, Badie C, Hall J, Baatout S, Pernot E, Tomasek L, Laurent O, Ebrahimian T, Ibanez C, Grison S, Kabacik S, Laurier D, Gomolka M. Biomarkers for Uranium Risk Assessment for the Development of the CURE (Concerted Uranium Research in Europe) Molecular Epidemiological Protocol. Radiat Res 2017; 187:107-127. [DOI: 10.1667/rr14505.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Pierrefite-Carle V, Santucci-Darmanin S, Breuil V, Gritsaenko T, Vidaud C, Creff G, Solari PL, Pagnotta S, Al-Sahlanee R, Auwer CD, Carle GF. Effect of natural uranium on the UMR-106 osteoblastic cell line: impairment of the autophagic process as an underlying mechanism of uranium toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1903-1914. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1833-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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17
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Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 and DNA repair by uranium. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 291:13-20. [PMID: 26627003 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Uranium has radiological and non-radiological effects within biological systems and there is increasing evidence for genotoxic and carcinogenic properties attributable to uranium through its heavy metal properties. In this study, we report that low concentrations of uranium (as uranyl acetate; <10 μM) is not cytotoxic to human embryonic kidney cells or normal human keratinocytes; however, uranium exacerbates DNA damage and cytotoxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that uranium may inhibit DNA repair processes. Concentrations of uranyl acetate in the low micromolar range inhibited the zinc finger DNA repair protein poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 and caused zinc loss from PARP-1 protein. Uranyl acetate exposure also led to zinc loss from the zinc finger DNA repair proteins Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Complementation Group A (XPA) and aprataxin (APTX). In keeping with the observed inhibition of zinc finger function of DNA repair proteins, exposure to uranyl acetate enhanced retention of induced DNA damage. Co-incubation of uranyl acetate with zinc largely overcame the impact of uranium on PARP-1 activity and DNA damage. These findings present evidence that low concentrations of uranium can inhibit DNA repair through disruption of zinc finger domains of specific target DNA repair proteins. This may provide a mechanistic basis to account for the published observations that uranium exposure is associated with DNA repair deficiency in exposed human populations.
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18
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Sachs S, Heller A, Weiss S, Bok F, Bernhard G. Interaction of Eu(III) with mammalian cells: Cytotoxicity, uptake, and speciation as a function of Eu(III) concentration and nutrient composition. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1555-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Low-concentration uranium enters the HepG2 cell nucleus rapidly and induces cell stress response. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 30:552-60. [PMID: 26362510 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the cell stress effects of low and high uranium concentrations and relate them to its localization, precipitate formation, and exposure time. The time-course analysis shows that uranium appears in cell nuclei as a soluble form within 5 min of exposure, and quickly induces expression of antioxidant and DNA repair genes. On the other hand, precipitate formations began at the very beginning of exposure at the 300-μM concentration, but took longer to appear at lower concentrations. Adaptive response might occur at low concentrations but are overwhelmed at high concentrations, especially when uranium precipitates are abundant.
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20
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Arzuaga X, Gehlhaus M, Strong J. Modes of action associated with uranium induced adverse effects in bone function and development. Toxicol Lett 2015; 236:123-30. [PMID: 25976116 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Uranium, a naturally occurring element used in military and industrial applications, accumulates in the skeletal system of animals and humans. Evidence from animal and in-vitro studies demonstrates that uranium exposure is associated with alterations in normal bone functions. The available studies suggest that upon absorption uranium directly affects bone development and maintenance by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation and normal functions, and indirectly by disrupting renal production of Vitamin D. Animal studies also provide evidence for increased susceptibility to uranium-induced bone toxicity during early life stages. The objective of this review is to provide a summary of uranium-induced bone toxicity and the potential mechanisms by which uranium can interfere with bone development and promote fragility. Since normal Vitamin D production and osteoblast functions are essential for bone growth and maintenance, young individuals and the elderly may represent potentially susceptible populations to uranium-induced bone damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Arzuaga
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, WA, DC 20460, USA
| | - Martin Gehlhaus
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, WA, DC 20460, USA
| | - Jamie Strong
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, WA, DC 20460, USA.
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21
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Chatelain G, Bourgeois D, Ravaux J, Averseng O, Vidaud C, Meyer D. Alternate dipping preparation of biomimetic apatite layers in the presence of carbonate ions. Biomed Mater 2013; 9:015003. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/9/1/015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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22
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Molecular, cellular, and tissue impact of depleted uranium on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Arch Toxicol 2013; 88:227-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Bao Y, Wang D, Hu Y, Xu A, Chen H. Efficacy of Chelator CBMIDA-CaNa2 for the Removal of Uranium and Protection against Uranium-induced Cell Damage in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Cells. HEALTH PHYSICS 2013; 105:31-38. [PMID: 35606995 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e31828911a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In animal experiments, catechol-3,6-bis(methyleiminodiacetic acid) (CBMIDA) was proven to be an effective chelator for the decorporation of uranium (U)(VI). In the present study, the authors investigated the molecular processes of CBMIDA-CaNa2 on the removal of U(VI) at the cellular level and explored its protective effects and mechanism against U(VI)-induced cell damage in HK-2 human renal proximal tubular cells. The results indicated that the chelating U(VI) effect of CBMIDA-CaNa2 was superior compared to that of DTPA-CaNa3; more specifically, at concentrations of 50 and 250 μM, CBMIDA-CaNa2 can significantly reduce U(VI) uptake and increase U(VI) release in U(VI)-exposed HK-2 cells after immediate or 24-h and 48-h delayed chelator administration better than those of DTPA-CaNa3. Furthermore, CBMIDA-CaNa2 significantly decreased the lactate dehydrogenase release and the formation of micronuclei and inhibited the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HK-2 cells exposed to U(VI), whereas DTPA-CaNa3 was demonstrated to be ineffective. By reviewing the results of animal experiments conducted by several other investigators, including this lab, the authors found that removal efficacy and protective effects of these two chelators for U(VI) at the cellular level agreed well with those of animal studies. In addition, although U(VI) induced the increase of metallothionein protein expression in HK-2 cells, CBMIDA-CaNa2 can mobilize and remove the U(VI) from metallothionen (MT) after 48-h delayed chelator treatment. These results suggested that CBMIDA-CaNa2 protected against U(VI)-induced HK-2 cells damaged by reducing U(VI) uptake, increasing U(VI) release and scavenging the U(VI)-induced intracellular ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhong Bao
- *Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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24
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Lead biomonitoring in different organs of lead intoxicated rats employing GF AAS and different sample preparations. Talanta 2013; 104:90-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Wade-Gueye NM, Delissen O, Gourmelon P, Aigueperse J, Dublineau I, Souidi M. Chronic exposure to natural uranium via drinking water affects bone in growing rats. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2012; 1820:1121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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26
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Vidaud C, Bourgeois D, Meyer D. Bone as Target Organ for Metals: The Case of f-Elements. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1161-75. [DOI: 10.1021/tx300064m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claude Vidaud
- CEA, IBEB, LEPC, BP 17171, F-30207
Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Damien Bourgeois
- ICSM, UMR 5257/CEA/CNRS/UM2/ENSCM,
BP17171, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Daniel Meyer
- ICSM, UMR 5257/CEA/CNRS/UM2/ENSCM,
BP17171, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
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27
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Gundacker C, Scheinast M, Damjanovic L, Fuchs C, Rosner M, Hengstschläger M. Proliferation potential of human amniotic fluid stem cells differently responds to mercury and lead exposure. Amino Acids 2011; 43:937-49. [PMID: 22101983 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There are considerable gaps in our knowledge on cell biological effects induced by the heavy metals mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb). In the present study we aimed to explore the effects of these toxicants on proliferation and cell size of primary human amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells. Monoclonal human AFS cells were incubated with three dosages of Hg and Pb (single and combined treatment; ranging from physiological to cytotoxic concentrations) and the intracellular Hg and Pb concentrations were analyzed, respectively. At different days of incubation the effects of Hg and Pb on proliferation, cell size, apoptosis, and expression of cyclins and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 were investigated. Whereas we found Hg to trigger pronounced effects on proliferation of human AFS cells already at low concentrations, anti-proliferative effects of Pb could only be detected at high concentrations. Exposure to high dose of Hg induced pronounced downregulation of cyclin A confirming the anti-proliferative effects observed for Hg. Co-exposure to Hg and Pb did not cause additive effects on proliferation and size of AFS cells, and on cyclin A expression. Our here presented data provide evidence that the different toxicological effects of Pb and Hg on primary human stem cells are due to different intracellular accumulation levels of these two toxicants. These findings allow new insights into the functional consequences of Pb and Hg for mammalian stem cells and into the cell biological behavior of AFS cells in response to toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gundacker
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 10, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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28
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Ma Y, Fu D, Liu Z. Effect of lead on apoptosis in cultured rat primary osteoblasts. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:136-46. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711407956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effect of lead exposure on apoptosis of cultured rat primary osteoblasts (ROBs), which were derived from newborn calvariae of Sprague Dawley rat. They were identified by the staining of alkaline phosphatase and mineralized matrix. The ROBs were received at 0, 20, 40 and 80 μM Pb2+ of lead acetate solution for 24 h, respectively, before being doubly marked by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide. The intracellular concentration of calcium ([Ca2+]i) was detected under the laser scan confocal microscope. The activities of phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) were measured and the effect of lead exposure on the expression of PC-PLC was observed by immunoblotting assay. The results showed that when compared with that of the control group, lead exposure induced an increase of [Ca2+]i of lead-treated ROBs, resulting in a significant development in apoptosis. In the meantime, a significant decline in protein level and enzymatic activities of PC-PLC were observed in a dose-dependent manner. It was concluded that lead can induce apoptosis in ROBs, and one of the mechanisms of lead-induced apoptosis may be that activating intracellular calcium stores by decreasing protein levels and enzymatic activities of PC-PLC can increase the [Ca2+]i, and consequently, the apoptotic signal pathway can be induced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushui Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
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29
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Zhang XF, Ding CL, Liu H, Liu LH, Zhao CQ. Protective effects of ion-imprinted chitooligosaccharides as uranium-specific chelating agents against the cytotoxicity of depleted uranium in human kidney cells. Toxicology 2011; 286:75-84. [PMID: 21645583 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Occupational internal contamination with depleted uranium (DU) compounds can induce radiological and chemical toxicity, and an effective and specific uranium-chelating agent for clinical use is urgently needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a series of synthesized water-soluble metal-ion-imprinted chitooligosaccharides can be used as uranium-specific chelating agents, because the chitooligosaccharides have excellent heavy metal ion chelation property and the ion-imprinting technology can improve the selective recognition of template ions. DU-poisoned human renal proximal tubule epithelium cells (human kidney 2 cells, HK-2) were used to assess the detoxification of these chitooligosaccharides. The DU-chelating capacity and selectivity of the chitooligosaccharides were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cell viability, cellular accumulation of DU, membrane damage, DNA damage, and morphological changes in the cellular ultrastructure were examined to assess the detoxification of these chitooligosaccharides. The results showed that the Cu²⁺-imprinted chitooligosaccharides, especially the Cu²⁺-imprinted glutaraldehyde-crosslinked carboxymethyl chitooligosaccharide (Cu-Glu-CMC), chelated DU effectively and specifically, and significantly reduced the loss of cell viability induced by DU and reduced cellular accumulation of DU in a dose-dependent manner, owing to their chelation of DU outside cells and their prevention of DU internalization. The ultrastructure observation clearly showed that Cu-Glu-CMC-chelated-DU precipitates, mostly outside cells, were grouped in significantly larger clusters, and they barely entered the cells by endocytosis or in any other way. Treatment with Cu-Glu-CMC also increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced membrane damage and DNA damage induced by DU oxidant injury. Cu-Glu-CMC was more effective than the positive control drug, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), in protection of HK-2 cells against DU cytotoxicity, as a result of its chelation of UO₂²⁺ to prevent the DU internalization and its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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30
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Arnold T, Großmann K, Baumann N. Uranium speciation in biofilms studied by laser fluorescence techniques. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1641-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Revised: 10/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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31
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Milgram S, Carrière M, Malaval L, Gouget B. Cellular accumulation and distribution of uranium and lead in osteoblastic cells as a function of their speciation. Toxicology 2008; 252:26-32. [PMID: 18708117 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2008.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 06/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Uranium (U) and lead (Pb) are accumulated and fixed for long periods in bone, impairing remodeling processes. Their toxicity to osteoblasts, the cells responsible for bone formation, is poorly documented. It has been previously shown that cytotoxicity and phenotypic effects of both metals on osteoblasts are highly influenced by metal speciation. Differences in sensitivity between cell types have been underlined as well. In this paper, cellular accumulation of U and Pb in cultured and primary osteoblastic cells was assessed by trace element analysis. Distribution of different species at the cell scale was investigated by electron microscopy. Internalization of both metals was shown to be correlated to cytotoxicity and population growth recovery after exposure. For each metal, the amount of metal uptake leading to 50% cell death was shown to be speciation-dependent. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of precipitates with phosphate in lysosomes for both metals, whose role in toxicity or cell defence remains to be clarified. Although a clear link was established between cytotoxicity and accumulation, differences in sensitivity observed in terms of speciation could not be fully explained and other studies seem necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Milgram
- Laboratoire Pierre Süe, Groupe Toxicologie Humaine et Environnementale, CEA-CNRS UMR 9956, Gif-sur-Yvette F91191, France
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