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Putra RP, Astuti D, Respati AN, Ningsih N, Triswanto, Yano AA, Gading BMWT, Jayanegara A, Sholikin MM, Hassim HA, Azmi AFM, Adli DN, Irawan A. Protective effects of feed additives on broiler chickens exposed to aflatoxins-contaminated feed: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:225-244. [PMID: 37644237 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10199-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination in feed is a common problem in broiler chickens. The present systematic review and meta-analysis examined the impact of aflatoxin-contaminated feed and the efficacy of various feed additives on the production performance of broiler chickens fed aflatoxin-contaminated feed (AF-feed). A total of 35 studies comprising 53 AF-feed experiments were selected following PRISMA guidelines. Feed additives included in the analyses were toxins binder (TB), mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS), organic acid (OA), probiotics (PRO), protein supplementation (PROT), phytobiotics (PHY), and additive mixture (MIX). Random effects model and a frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA) were performed to rank the efficacy of feed additives, reported as standardized means difference (SMD) at 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Overall, broiler chickens fed AF-feed had significantly lower final body weight (BW) (SMD = 198; 95% CI = 198 to 238) and higher feed conversion ratio (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.21) than control. Treatments with TB, MOS, and PHY improved the BW of birds fed AF-feed (P < 0.05) to be comparable with non-contaminated feed or control. Predictions on final BW from the broiler-fed aflatoxin-contaminated diet were 15% lower than the control diet. Including feed additives in the aflatoxins diet could ameliorate the depressive effect. Remarkably, our network meta-analysis highlighted that TB was the highest-performing additive (P-score = 0.797) to remedy aflatoxicosis. Altogether, several additives, especially TB, are promising to ameliorate aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens, although the efficacy was low regarding the severity of the aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Pratama Putra
- Department of Agriculture and Horticulture, Province of Jambi, Jambi, 36122, Indonesia
- Animal Health Vocational Program, Jambi University, Muaro Jambi, 36361, Indonesia
| | - Dian Astuti
- Agrotechnology Innovation Center, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, 55573, Indonesia
| | - Adib Norma Respati
- Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, 68101, Indonesia
| | - Niati Ningsih
- Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, 68101, Indonesia
| | - Triswanto
- Department of Feed Technology, PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, Jakarta Utara, 14350, Indonesia
| | - Aan Andri Yano
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia
| | | | - Anuraga Jayanegara
- Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin
- Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
- Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, 16915, Indonesia
- Meta-Analysis in Plant Science (MAPS) Research Group, Bandung, 40621, Indonesia
- Center For Tropical Animal Studies (CENTRAS), The Institute of Research and Community Empowerment of IPB (LPPM IPB), Bogor, 16680, Indonesia
| | - Hasliza Abu Hassim
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
| | - Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, 16100, Malaysia
| | - Danung Nur Adli
- Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Agung Irawan
- Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia.
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
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Lin X, Zhang J, Chu Y, Nie Q, Zhang J. Berberine prevents NAFLD and HCC by modulating metabolic disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 254:108593. [PMID: 38301771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global metabolic disease with high prevalence in both adults and children. Importantly, NAFLD is becoming the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Berberine (BBR), a naturally occurring plant component, has been demonstrated to have advantageous effects on a number of metabolic pathways as well as the ability to kill liver tumor cells by causing cell death and other routes. This permits us to speculate and make assumptions about the value of BBR in the prevention and defense against NAFLD and HCC by a global modulation of metabolic disorders. Herein, we briefly describe the etiology of NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC, with a particular emphasis on analyzing the potential mechanisms of BBR in the treatment of NAFLD from aspects including increasing insulin sensitivity, controlling the intestinal milieu, and controlling lipid metabolism. We also elucidate the mechanism of BBR in the treatment of HCC. More significantly, we provided a list of clinical studies for BBR in NAFLD. Taking into account our conclusions and perspectives, we can make further progress in the treatment of BBR in NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Lin
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Juanhong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yajun Chu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiuying Nie
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Alipour Noghabi S, Ghamari kargar P, Bagherzade G, Beyzaei H. Comparative study of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of berberine-derived Schiff bases, nitro-berberine and amino-berberine. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22783. [PMID: 38058428 PMCID: PMC10696212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the scientific community has focused on traditional natural products and their potential therapeutic benefits. Berberine is a plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloid with a variety of biological properties and identified as a promising pharmacophore for discovering new therapeutic agents against various diseases. However, unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties of berberine have limited its clinical application so much that researchers pursue its structure modification to overcome this problem. This study focuses on the synthesis of new berberine derivatives to improve its antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, which were characterized using CHNO and NMR instruments. Berberine extracted from barberry root was nitrated, reduced to amine and condensed with benzaldehyde derivatives to produce berberine-based Schiff bases. The H atom donating ability of all compounds was measured against DPPH free radicals, with IC50 values ranging from 18.28 to 108.20 μg ml-1. All berberine-based Schiff bases exhibited stronger antioxidant activity than nitro-berberine and amino-berberine. Only Schiff base derived from 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde showed slightly better antioxidant effects than original berberine. The inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against important pathogenic fungal and bacterial strains using disk diffusion assays, with inhibition zone diameters ranging from 8.36 to 25.48 μg ml-1. Berberine itself only affected Candida albicans fungus. Nitrated berberine was effective against all microorganisms except Gram-negative Acinetobacter baumannii. The results suggest that structural modifications and functionalization can enhance the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Alipour Noghabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Pouya Ghamari kargar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Ghodsieh Bagherzade
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Birjand, Birjand, 97175-615, Iran
| | - Hamid Beyzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
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Oner E, Al-Khafaji K, Mezher MH, Demirhan I, Suhail Wadi J, Belge Kurutas E, Yalin S, Choowongkomon K. Investigation of berberine and its derivatives in Sars Cov-2 main protease structure by molecular docking, PROTOX-II and ADMET methods: in machine learning and in silico study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9366-9381. [PMID: 36369803 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2142848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds found in plants also have pharmacological antiviral effects. Berberine (BBR), an alkaloid found naturally in plants, is one of the phytochemicals with a wide range of biological activities, including antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory. In this study, we firstly aimed to predict pIC50 values for selcted compounds and then extract the binding patterns of berberine and its derivatives in the Sars Cov-2 Master Protease structure via employing molecular docking approache. Our results showed that berberine and its derivatives have good binding affinities towared Sars Cov2 main protease protein. Based on docking results the pharamaccokinetic studies for berberine, berberrubine, demethylen-berberine, jatrorrhizin, and thalifendine, were conducted and showed a good pharamacokinetic properties as an oral drugs. For deep inspection, we utiilized molecular dynmaics simulation to examine the Sars Cov2 main protease-ligand stabilities. The molecular dynamics simulation and PCA investigations revealed that thalifendine have a strong willing to act as good bindinder to SARS-CoV-2 protease. Further, the network based pharamacology showed that these drugs mediate different pathways such as human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, viral carcinogenesis, human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection and epstein-Barr virus infection.The findings of this study have an important recomendation for thalifendine for more in vivo and in vitro studies to work.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Oner
- Departmant of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Khattab Al-Khafaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kastsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- College of Dentistry, The University of Mashreq, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Mezher H Mezher
- Department of Computer Technique Engineering, Islamic university, Babel, Iraq
| | - Ilter Demirhan
- Department of Electronic-Automation, Vocational School of Health Sciences, HarranUniversity, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Ergul Belge Kurutas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - Serap Yalin
- Departmant of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Phogat A, Singh J, Kumar V, Malik V. Berberine mitigates acetamiprid-induced hepatotoxicity and inflammation via regulating endogenous antioxidants and NF-κB/TNF-α signaling in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:87412-87423. [PMID: 37421530 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Acetamiprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used on a large scale and has been reported for oxidative stress-mediated toxicity and physiological alterations in mammals. The plant-derived natural antioxidant berberine (BBR) possesses protective potential against inflammation, structural changes, and cellular toxicity. The current study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of acetamiprid exposure and the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory efficacy of BBR in rat liver tissue. The results showed that intragastric exposure of acetamiprid (21.7 mg/kg b.wt, i.e., 1/10 of LD50) for 21 days significantly elicited oxidative stress as evidenced by lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and depletion of endogenous antioxidants. Furthermore, acetamiprid exposure elevated NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 expression and caused structural alterations in liver tissue. Biochemical results showed that 2-h pre-treatment of BBR (150 mg/kg b.wt; 21 days) reduced damage to lipids and proteins, replenished GSH, enhanced SOD and catalase activities, and offered antioxidative effects against acetamiprid toxicity. Also, BBR suppressed inflammation by regulating NF-κB/TNF-α signaling in hepatic tissue of acetamiprid-intoxicated rats. Histopathological examination confirmed the hepatoprotective effects of BBR. Our findings indicate that BBR might be a potential ameliorative agent against oxidative stress-mediated hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annu Phogat
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Jagjeet Singh
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vinay Malik
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Hajipour S, Farbood Y, Dianat M, Nesari A, Sarkaki A. Effect of Berberine against Cognitive Deficits in Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy (Behavioral, Biochemical, Molecular and Histological Evaluations). Brain Sci 2023; 13:944. [PMID: 37371422 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis (LC) is one of the chronic liver diseases with high disability and mortality accompanying hepatic encephalopathy (HE) followed by cognitive dysfunctions. In this work, the effect of berberine (Ber) on spatial cognition was studied in a rat model of LC induced by thioacetamide (TAA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into six groups: (1) control; (2) TAA, 200 mg/kg/day, i.p.; (3-5) TAA + Ber; received Ber (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg, i.p., daily after last TAA injection); (6) Dizocilpine (MK-801) + TAA, received MK-801 (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) 30 m before TAA injection. The spatial memory, BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, serum and brain total bilirubin, oxidative stress and cytokine markers in the hippocampus were measured. Furthermore, a histological examination of the hippocampus was carried out. RESULTS The BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, total bilirubin levels in serum and hippocampal MDA and TNF-α increased significantly after TAA injection (p < 0.001); the spatial memory was impaired (p < 0.001), and hippocampal IL-10 decreased (p < 0.001). Ber reversed all the above parameters significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). MK-801 prevented the development of LC via TAA (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Results showed that Ber improves spatial learning and memory in TAA-induced LC by improving the BBB function, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Ber might be a promising therapeutic agent for cognitive improvement in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hajipour
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Ali Nesari
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- National Institute for Medical Research Development "NIMAD", Tehran 1419693111, Iran
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Pandey B, Baral R, Kaundinnyayana A, Panta S. Promising hepatoprotective agents from the natural sources: a study of scientific evidence. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-023-00248-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Natural bioactive components derived from plant secondary metabolites have been pronounced as valuable alternatives for anticipating and subsiding hepatotoxic effects and its chronic complications based on experimental verification. The focus of this review is to elucidate the commonly used modern medicine for the treatment of liver disease and how major phytoconstituents have been tested for hepatoprotective activity, mechanism of action of some promising agents from natural sources, and clinical trial data for treating in patients with different liver diseases by the aid of natural phytoconstituents.
Main text
The review shows fifteen major isolated phytoconstituents, their biological sources, chemical structures, utilized plant parts, type of extracts used, hepatoprotective assay method, and their possible mechanism of action on the hepatoprotection. Nine promising hepatoprotective leads from natural sources with their chemistry and hepatoprotective mechanism are mentioned briefly. The review further includes the recent clinical trial studies of some hepatoprotective leads and their clinical outcome with different liver disease patients. Scientific studies revealed that antioxidant properties are the central mechanism for the phytoconstituents to subside different disease pathways by upsurging antioxidant defense system of cells, scavenging free radicals, down surging lipid peroxidation, improving anti-inflammatory potential, and further protecting the hepatic cell injury. In this review, we summarize recent development of natural product-based hepatoprotective leads and their curative potential for various sort of liver diseases. Furthermore, the usefulness of hit and lead molecules from natural sources for significant clinical benefit to discover new drug molecule and downsizing the problems of medication and chemical-induced hepatotoxic effects is extrapolated.
Conclusion
Further research are encouraged to elucidate the pharmacological principle of these natural-based chemical agents which will stimulate future pharmaceutical development of therapeutically beneficial hepatoprotective regimens.
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Mazumder A, Sharma A, Azad MAK. A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacological Importance of Dietary Flavonoids as Hepatoprotective Agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:4139117. [PMID: 37123086 PMCID: PMC10147524 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4139117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a crucial organ that is involved in various kinds of metabolic activity and a very stable accessory gland for the digestive system. Long-term or persistent inflammation and oxidative stress due to any reasons have a substantial impact on the beginning and continuation of chronic diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, and other hepatic conditions. There are many sources which can help the liver to be healthy and enhance its metabolic potential of the liver. Since the diet is rich origin of bioactive along with antioxidant chemicals including flavonoids and polyphenols, it can control different stages of inflammation and hepatic diseases. Numerous food sources, notably vegetables, nuts, fruits, cereals, beverages, and herbal medicinal plants, are rich in bioactive chemicals called flavonoids and their derivatives like Flavones, Anthocyanins, Iso-flavonoid, Flavanones, Flavanols, and Flavan-3-ols. Most recently occurred research on flavonoids has demonstrated that they can regulate hepatoprotective properties. This is because they are essential parts of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products due to their hepatoprotective, antioxidative, and immune-modulating characteristics. However, the characteristics of their hepatoprotective impact remain unclear. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to survey the flavonoid structure and enriched sources for their hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects concerning liver toxicity or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) 19, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida 201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, Haryana, India
| | - Md. A. K. Azad
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia 1216, Bangladesh
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Dos Santos Nascimento IJ, da Silva-Júnior EF. TNF-α Inhibitors from Natural Compounds: An Overview, CADD Approaches, and their Exploration for Anti-inflammatory Agents. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2022; 25:2317-2340. [PMID: 34269666 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210715165943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a natural process that occurs in the organism in response to harmful external agents. Despite being considered beneficial, exaggerated cases can cause severe problems for the body. The main inflammatory manifestations are pain, increased temperature, edema, decreased mobility, and quality of life for affected individuals. Diseases such as arthritis, cancer, allergies, infections, arteriosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic problems are mainly characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory response. Inflammation is related to two categories of substances: pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Among the pro-inflammatory mediators is Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α). It is associated with immune diseases, cancer, and psychiatric disorders which increase its excretion. Thus, it becomes a target widely used in discovering new antiinflammatory drugs. In this context, secondary metabolites biosynthesized by plants have been used for thousands of years and continue to be one of the primary sources of new drug scaffolds against inflammatory diseases. To decrease costs related to the drug discovery process, Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) techniques are broadly explored to increase the chances of success. In this review, the main natural compounds derived from alkaloids, flavonoids, terpene, and polyphenols as promising TNF-α inhibitors will be discussed. Finally, we applied a molecular modeling protocol involving all compounds described here, suggesting that their interactions with Tyr59, Tyr119, Tyr151, Leu57, and Gly121 residues are essential for the activity. Such findings can be useful for research groups worldwide to design new anti-inflammatory TNF-α inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edeildo Ferreira da Silva-Júnior
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.,Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil
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Akhzari M, Barazesh M, Jalili S, Farzinezhadi Zadeh MM. Berberine Recovered Oxidative Stress Induced by Sodium Nitrite in Rat Erythrocytes. DRUG METABOLISM AND BIOANALYSIS LETTERS 2022; 15:192-201. [PMID: 36056864 DOI: 10.2174/2949681015666220902114519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine, a plant derived alkaloid, present in Berberis species is well known as one of the most important antioxidants. The current research aimed to study the heamatoprotective characteristics of berberine and clarify its plausible mechanisms against sodium nitrite. METHODS Forty numbers of male Sprague Dawley rats were categorized into five equal groups, including group 1: control (normal saline); group 2: berberine (100 mg/kg); group 3: sodium nitrite (80 mg/kg); group 4: sodium nitrite (80 mg/kg) plus berberine (50 mg/kg) and group 5: sodium nitrite (80 mg/kg) plus berberine (100 mg/kg) groups. All animals were orally administrated for two months once daily. At the end of the 60th day, blood samples were withdrawn by cardiac puncture and collected in test vials when the animals had been anesthetized with ketamine (70 mg/kg). Then, hemolysate was prepared and the oxidative stress biomarkers, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes were evaluated. RESULTS Feeding of rats with sodium nitrite remarkably enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) (p=0.001) levels and considerably reduced the levels of glutathione (GSH) (p=0.001), and also reduced the enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p=0.02), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p=0.001), glutathione reductase (GR) (p=0.02), and catalase (CAT) (p=0.01). However, the co-administration of these animals with 100 mg/kg of berberine remarkably reverted the values to reach nearly a normal level. While 50 mg/kg berberine failed to restore significantly all of these antioxidant biomarkers at a normal level. CONCLUSION Our results clearly demonstrated that berberine in a dose-dependent manner led to protection against sodium nitrite-induced oxidative injury in rat erythrocytes, which possibly reflects the antioxidant ability of this alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Akhzari
- School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Barazesh
- School of Paramedical, Gerash University of Medical Sciences, Gerash. Iran
| | - Sajad Jalili
- Department of Ortopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz, Jundishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ghavipanje N, Fathi Nasri MH, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E. An insight into the potential of berberine in animal nutrition: Current knowledge and future perspectives. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 107:808-829. [PMID: 36031857 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In animal nutrition, the interest for novel feed additives has expanded with elevating industry standards and consumer awareness besides the demand for healthy animal-derived food products. Consumer and animal health are leading concerns dictating the importance of novel animal feed additives. Berberine (BBR) is a natural pentacyclic isoquinoline alkaloid that has exhibited diverse pharmacological properties, including metabolism-regulating, hepatoprotective, and inflammatory alleviative in addition to its antioxidant activity. Despite detailed information on cellular mechanisms associated with BBR therapeutics, and strong clinical evidence, only a few studies have focused on BBR applied to animal nutrition. However, great pieces of evidence have shown that dietary BBR supplementation could result in improved growth performance, enhanced oxido-inflammatory markers, and mitigated metabolic dysfunctions in both monogastric and ruminant animals. The data discussed in the present review may set the basis for further research on BBR in animal diets for developing novel strategies aiming to improve animal health as well as products with beneficial properties for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Ghavipanje
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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12
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Berberis integerrima hydro-alcoholic root extract ant its constituent berberine protect against cisplatin-induced nephro- and hepato-toxicity. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:76-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Liu X, Wang L, Tan S, Chen Z, Wu B, Wu X. Therapeutic Effects of Berberine on Liver Fibrosis are associated With Lipid Metabolism and Intestinal Flora. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:814871. [PMID: 35308208 PMCID: PMC8924518 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.814871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is a form of liver fibrosis resulting from chronic hepatitis caused by various liver diseases, such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver damage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, and by parasitic diseases such as schistosomiasis. Liver fibrosis is the common pathological base and precursors of cirrhosis. Inflammation and disorders of lipid metabolism are key drivers in liver fibrosis. Studies have determined that parts of the arachidonic acid pathway, such as its metabolic enzymes and biologically active products, are hallmarks of inflammation, and that aberrant peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-mediated regulation causes disorders of lipid metabolism. However, despite the ongoing research focus on delineating the mechanisms of liver fibrosis that underpin various chronic liver diseases, effective clinical treatments have yet to be developed. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid with multiple biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities. Many studies have also found that BBR acts via multiple pathways to alleviate liver fibrosis. Furthermore, the absorption of BBR is increased by nitroreductase-containing intestinal flora, and is strengthened via crosstalk with bile acid metabolism. This improves the oral bioavailability of BBR, thereby enhancing its clinical utility. The production of butyrate by intestinal anaerobic bacteria is dramatically increased by BBR, thereby amplifying butyrate-mediated alleviation of liver fibrosis. In this review, we discuss the effects of BBR on liver fibrosis and lipid metabolism, particularly the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and highlight the potential mechanisms by which BBR relieves liver fibrosis through lipid metabolism related and intestinal flora related pathways. We hope that this review will provide insights on the BBR-based treatment of liver cirrhosis and related research in this area, and we encourage further studies that increase the ability of BBR to enhance liver health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Lifu Wang
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zebin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoying Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Liver Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China
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14
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Huang S, Zhou Y, Wu F, Shi C, Yan H, Chen L, Yang C, Luo Y. Berberine Facilitates Extinction and Prevents the Return of Fear. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:748995. [PMID: 35185532 PMCID: PMC8851465 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to a catastrophic event or intense stimulation can trigger fear memories, and the threatening memories persist even over a lifetime. Exposure therapy is based on extinction learning and is widely used to treat fear-related disorders, but its effect on remote fear memory is modest. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid derived from Coptis chinensis or Berberis spp., has been recently reported to exert a diversity of pharmacological effects on the central nervous system, such as facilitating extinction of drug memory. Here, we explored the effect of berberine on extinction of fear memory using a classical contextual fear conditioning (CFC) paradigm, which is Pavlovian conditioning, can rapidly create fear memories related to contexts. Twenty-four hours or 30 days after CFC training, mice were subjected to context extinction (10 days) to extinguish their behaviors and treated with 12.5 or 25 mg/kg berberine intragastrically 1 or 6 h after each extinction session, followed by reinstatement and spontaneous recovery tests. The results showed that intragastric administration of 25 mg/kg berberine 1 h after extinction significantly promoted the extinction of recent and remote fear memories and prevented reinstatement and spontaneous recovery of extinguished fear in mice. These findings indicate that berberine combined with extinction training could serve as a promising novel avenue for the treatment of fear-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, China
| | - Feilong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Cuijie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liangpei Chen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- China Hunan Province People’s Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsh, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Yang, ; Yixiao Luo,
| | - Yixiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- China Hunan Province People’s Hospital, The First-affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsh, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Yang, ; Yixiao Luo,
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Teja PK, Mithiya J, Kate AS, Bairwa K, Chauthe SK. Herbal nanomedicines: Recent advancements, challenges, opportunities and regulatory overview. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153890. [PMID: 35026510 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal Nano Medicines (HNMs) are nano-sized medicine containing herbal drugs as extracts, enriched fractions or biomarker constituents. HNMs have certain advantages because of their increased bioavailability and reduced toxicities. There are very few literature reports that address the common challenges of herbal nanoformulations, such as selecting the type/class of nanoformulation for an extract or a phytochemical, selection and optimisation of preparation method and physicochemical parameters. Although researchers have shown more interest in this field in the last decade, there is still an urgent need for systematic analysis of HNMs. PURPOSE This review aims to provide the recent advancement in various herbal nanomedicines like polymeric herbal nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, phytosomes, nano-micelles, self-nano emulsifying drug delivery system, nanofibers, liposomes, dendrimers, ethosomes, nanoemulsion, nanosuspension, and carbon nanotube; their evaluation parameters, challenges, and opportunities. Additionally, regulatory aspects and future perspectives of herbal nanomedicines are also being covered to some extent. METHODS The scientific data provided in this review article are retrieved by a thorough analysis of numerous research and review articles, textbooks, and patents searched using the electronic search tools like Sci-Finder, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, ACS, Medline Plus and Web of Science. RESULTS In this review, the authors suggested the suitability of nanoformulation for a particular type of extracts or enriched fraction of phytoconstituents based on their solubility and permeability profile (similar to the BCS class of drugs). This review focuses on different strategies for optimising preparation methods for various HNMs to ensure reproducibility in context with all the physicochemical parameters like particle size, surface area, zeta potential, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, and drug release, along with the consistent therapeutic index. CONCLUSION A combination of herbal medicine with nanotechnology can be an essential tool for the advancement of herbal medicine research with enhanced bioavailability and fewer toxicities. Despite the challenges related to traditional medicine's safe and effective use, there is huge scope for nanotechnology-based herbal medicines. Overall, it is well stabilized that herbal nanomedicines are safer, have higher bioavailability, and have enhanced therapeutic value than conventional herbal and synthetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parusu Kavya Teja
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Jinal Mithiya
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Khemraj Bairwa
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India..
| | - Siddheshwar K Chauthe
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India..
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16
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Das R, Mitra S, Tareq AM, Emran TB, Hossain MJ, Alqahtani AM, Alghazwani Y, Dhama K, Simal-Gandara J. Medicinal plants used against hepatic disorders in Bangladesh: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 282:114588. [PMID: 34480997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Liver disease is a major cause of illness and death worldwide which accounts for approximately 2 million deaths per year worldwide, 1 million due to complications of cirrhosis and 1 million due to viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. That's why it is seeking the researchers' attention to find out the effective treatment strategies. Phytochemicals from natural resources are the main leads for the development of noble hepatoprotective drugs. The majority of the natural sources whose active compounds are currently employed actually have an ethnomedical use. Ethnopharmacological research is essential for the development of these bioactive compounds. These studies not only provide scientific evidence on medicinal plants utilized for particular therapeutic purposes, but they also ensure cultural heritage preservation. Plenty of experimental studies have been well-documented that the ethnomedicinal plants are of therapeutics' interest for the advanced pharmacological intervention in terms of hepatic disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY This study summarizes the processes of hepatotoxicity induced by various toxins and explores identified hepatoprotective plants and their phytoconstituents, which can guide the extraction of novel phytochemical constituents from plants to treat liver injury. This review aimed to summarize the hepatoprotective activity of Bangladeshi medicinal plants where the bioactive compounds may be leads for the drug discovery in future. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature searches in electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink, PubMed, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, BanglaJOL, and so on, were performed using the keywords 'Bangladesh', 'ethnomedicinal plants', 'Hepatoprotective agents' as for primary searches, and secondary search terms were used as follows, either alone or in combination: traditional medicine, medicinal plants, folk medicine, liver, hepatitis, therapeutic uses, and anti-inflammatory. Besides, several books, including the book entitled "Medicinal plants of Bangladesh: chemical constituents and uses" authored by Abdul Ghani, were carefully considered, which contained pharmacological properties and phytoconstituents of many medicinal plants growing and traditionally available in Bangladesh. Among them, the most promising plant species with their latest therapeutic effects against hepatic disorders were deeply considered in this review. RESULTS The results of this study revealed that in most cases, therapy using plant extracts stabilized altered hepatic biochemical markers induced by hepatotoxins. Initially, we investigated 32 plant species for hepatoprotective activity, however after extensive literature searching; we observed that 20 plants offer good pharmacological evidence of hepatoprotective function. Consequently, most bioactive compounds derived from the herbs including berberine, thymoquinone, andrographolide, ursolic acid, luteolin, naringenin, genistein, quercetin, troxerutin, morin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, chlorogenic acid, emodin, curcumin, resveratrol, capsaicin, ellagic acid, etc. are appeared to be effective against hepatic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Flavonoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, diterpenoids, triterpenoids, alkaloids, chromenes, capsaicinoids, curcuminoids, and anthraquinones are among the phytoconstituents were appraised to have hepatoprotective activities. All the actions displayed by these ethnomedicinal plants could make them serve as leads in the formulation of drugs with higher efficacy to treat hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Jamal Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ali M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahia Alghazwani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareil-ly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
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Ali H, Jahan A, Samrana S, Ali A, Ali S, Kabir N, Ali A, Ullah R, Mothana RA, Murtaza BN, Kalim M. Hepatoprotective Potential of Pomegranate in Curbing the Incidence of Acute Liver Injury by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:694607. [PMID: 34899284 PMCID: PMC8662995 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.694607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver and is considered one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to its scavenging activity, Punica granatum may be used for the treatment and prevention of liver diseases. The current study investigated the protective mechanism underlying the effects of pomegranate against a rat model of carbon tetrachloride–induced liver injury. Intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 resulted in liver inflammation, oxidative stress, and accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes. CCl4 induced a downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and melonaldehyde (MDA). Pomegranate protection was assessed in terms of biochemical parameters, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Promegranate administration decreased inflammation, elevated serum enzymes and ROS production, and countered the debilitating effects caused by CCl4. In addition, CCl4-induced histological changes were absent in the crude pomegranate extract group, which also enhanced the scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species by enhancing the antioxidant defense mechanism as confirmed by detecting MDA, SOD, and GSH expressions. The migration of CD68+ macrophages was halted at the injured area of the central vein and the number of macrophages was reduced to the normal control by the crude extract compared to the positive control silymarin group. Likewise, protective effects of ethylacetate and the aqueous fraction of the crude extract were also observed. However, the butanol and n-hexane fractions displayed increased levels of ALT, AST, and ALP as compared to silymarin. About 25% damage to hepatocytes was observed in the butanol and n-hexane group by histopathological examination, which is a little better compared to the CCl4-treated group. The crude extract and its ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions may be accountable for the hepatoprotective potential of Punica granatum, which was further confirmed by in vivo experiments. Together, these findings confirm that pomegranate exerts hepatoprotective activity against CCl4-induced oxidative stress and liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ali
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Azra Jahan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Samrana Samrana
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abid Ali
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Safdar Ali
- Department of Physics, University of Swabi-Anbar, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nurul Kabir
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Amjad Ali
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Ullah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi A Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bibi Nazia Murtaza
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kalim
- Cancer Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
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Ebob OT, Babiaka SB, Ntie-Kang F. Natural Products as Potential Lead Compounds for Drug Discovery Against SARS-CoV-2. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:611-628. [PMID: 34515981 PMCID: PMC8435765 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00317-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
For the past 2 years, the coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 infection has become a world pandemic, ruining the lives and economies of several nations in the world. This has scaled up research on the virus and the resulting infection with the goal of developing new vaccines and therapies. Natural products are known to be a rich source of lead compounds for drug discovery, including against infectious diseases caused by microbes (viruses, bacteria and fungi). In this review article, we conducted a literature survey aimed at identifying natural products with inhibitory concentrations against the coronaviruses or their target proteins, which lie below 10 µM. This led to the identification of 42 compounds belonging to the alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, phenolic, xanthone and saponin classes. The cut off concentration of 10 µM was to limit the study to the most potent chemical entities, which could be developed into therapies against the viral infection to make a contribution towards limiting the spread of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyere Tanyi Ebob
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Smith B. Babiaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Fidele Ntie-Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
- Institute for Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Shalaby MA, Elbanna HA, Mohamed SM, Nabil GA, Elbanna AH. In-depth hepatoprotective mechanistic study of Echinacea purpurea flowers: In vitro and in vivo studies. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Echinacea purpurea is a flowering plant commonly used as an herbal medicine despite insufficient scientific bases to validate its usage. The present study aimed to examine in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. purpurea flowers. Methods: In vitro protection against hepato-cytotoxicity was carried out on human HepG-2 cells using colorimetric tetrazolium (MTT) assay, while the in vivo hepatoprotective activity was studied against carbon-tetrachloride (CCl4) induced acute hepatotoxicity in rats. Results: The results revealed that the extracts of E. purpurea induced discernable in vitro protection on HepG-2 cells and in vivo against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity. Both extracts were significantly able to restore the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, total protein, and albumin to normal levels compared to the CCl4 intoxicated group. In addition, the extracts markedly mitigated the oxidative stress by decreasing Malondialdehyde (MDA) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) markers compared to the CCl4 intoxicated group. It was also associated with the down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in liver tissues. Histopathological examination revealed a decrease in hepatocytes’ degenerative changes and noticeable improvement of the liver damage by extracts of E. purpurea. Conclusion: These findings have proven that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of E. purpurea flowers have a significant hepatoprotective effect, probably owing to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities, and regulating apoptotic-related genes. This confirms the ethnomedicinal uses of E. purpurea in patients suffering from liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossny Awad Elbanna
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | | | - Ghazal A Nabil
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hossny Elbanna
- Pharmacology Department, Michael Sayegh Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Jordan
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20
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Bhasin J, Thakur B, Kumar S, Chopra V. Tree Turmeric: A Super Food and Contemporary Nutraceutical of 21st Century - A Laconic Review. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:728-746. [PMID: 34757887 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1958104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Since ancient times the medicinal plants have been under use as food and potential therapeutic agent for the management of overall health and the use of all plant parts including fruits, seeds, is well reported in the literature. One such plant is Berberis aristata which is rich in vitamins, minerals, and various phytochemicals amongst which Berberine is the principal bioactive compound with a range of reported health benefits, and some of the commercial formulations like Rasaut, Darvyadi Leha are being used for the treatments of jaundice, malaria, typhoid fever, inflammation, eye infection, diarrhea, wound healing, etc. The hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antitumor, anti-cancerous, properties are the recent additions to its functional importance. Berberine has significant bioactivities in the treatments of different diseases. Besides its remarkable applications, the berberine has low efficacy due to its low solubility in water, poor absorption, and low bioavailability. This problem can be solved by using some techniques like Nanotechnology which has been found to increase its solubility in water, bioavailability, and absorption and hence provide a better delivery system of berberine. This review illuminates the therapeutic applications of the plant Berberis aristata, scientific validation to its traditional uses, role of berberine in the treatment of various diseases through its different bioactivities, major flaws in berberine treatment, and the role of nanotechnology in minimizing those flaws and increasing its overall efficacy. Key teaching pointsPlant Berberis aristata has been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments like jaundice, hepatitis, fever, bleeding, inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, skin and eye infections, chronic rheumatism, and urinary disorders.Berberine is the major and most significant phytochemical among numerous phytochemicals present in plant Berberis aristata.Berberine has significantly shown many potent effect against emerging diseases like cancer and diabetes. Besides that, it has also shown antioxidant, anti-inflamation, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and anti-gastrointestinal disorder properties.Berberine can be very effective in overcoming the demerits of berberine treatment like poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and poor absorption in the human body in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen Bhasin
- Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Baneet Thakur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Phagwara, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Food Technology and Nutrition, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, India
| | - Vikas Chopra
- Department of Food Science and Technology, PAU, Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India
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21
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Berberine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers mitigate warm hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced lesion through modulation of HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling and autophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112122. [PMID: 34489150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine (BBR) is a known alkaloid that has verified its protective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/RN) lesion in multiple organs but its poor oral bioavailability limited its use. Despite the previous works, its possible impact on the warm hepatic I/RN-induced lesion is not clear. Accordingly, a nanostructured lipid carrier of BBR (NLC BBR) was developed for enhancing its efficiency and to inspect its protective mechanistic against warm hepatic I/RN. METHODS NLC BBR formula was evaluated pharmaceutically. Wistar rats were orally pre-treated with either BBR or NLC BBR (100 mg/kg) for 2 weeks followed by hepatic I/RN (30 min/24 h). Biochemical, ELISA, qPCR, western blot, histopathological, and immunohistochemical studies were performed. KEY FINDINGS Optimized NLC BBR was prepared with a particle size of 130 ± 8.3 nm. NLC BBR divulged its aptitude to safeguard the hepatic tissues partly due to anti-inflammatory capacity through downsizing the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB trajectory with concomitant rebating of TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2, and MPO content. Furthermore, NLC BBR antiapoptotic trait was confirmed by boosting the prosurvival protein (Bcl-2) and cutting down the pro-apoptotic marker (Bax). Moreover, its antioxidant nature was confirmed by TAC uplifting besides MDA subsiding. On the other hand, NLC BBR action embroiled autophagy flux spiking merit exemplified in Beclin-1 and LC3-II enhancement. Finally, NLC BBR administration ascertained its hepatocyte guarding action by recovering the histopathological ailment and diminishing serum transaminases. CONCLUSION NLC BBR purveyed reasonable shielding mechanisms and subsided incidents contemporaneous to warm hepatic I/RN lesion in part, by moderating HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory signaling, autophagy, and apoptosis.
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Berberine, A Phytoalkaloid, Inhibits Inflammatory Response Induced by LPS through NF-Kappaβ Pathway: Possible Involvement of the IKKα. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164733. [PMID: 34443321 PMCID: PMC8400273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), a plant alkaloid, is known for its therapeutic properties of anticancer, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. The present study was to determine the molecular mechanism of BBR’s pharmacological activity in human monocytic (THP-1) cells induced by arachidonic acid (AA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effect of BBR on AA/LPS activated proinflammatory markers including TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-8 and COX-2 was measured by ELISA or quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, the effect of BBR on LPS-induced NF-κB translocation was determined by immunoblotting and confocal microscopy. AA/ LPS-induced TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8, and COX-2 markers were markedly attenuated by BBR treatment in THP-1 cells by inhibiting NF-κB translocation into the nucleus. Molecular modeling studies suggested the direct interaction of BBR to IKKα at its ligand binding site, which led to the inhibition of the LPS-induced NF-κB translocation to the nucleus. Thus, the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of BBR via NF-κB in activated monocytes, whose interplay is key in health and in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic development in blood vessel walls. The present study findings suggest that BBR has the potential for treating various chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060976. [PMID: 34207230 PMCID: PMC8235740 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the protective effect of baicalein on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were orally administrated baicalein at 25 and 100 mg/kg/day for 7 consecutive days or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) at 10 mg/kg was i.p. injected in mice at 2 and 24 h prior to CCl4 injection or the vehicle. Our results showed that baicalein or Fer-1 supplementation significantly attenuated CCl4 exposure-induced elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and malondialdehyde levels in the liver tissues and unregulated glutathione levels. Baicalein treatment inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, activated the erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway in liver tissues, and markedly improved CCl4-induced apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis in liver tissues exposed with CCl4. In vitro, baicalein treatment improved CCl4 -induced decreases of cell viabilities and knockdown of Nrf2 and arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) genes partly abolished the protective effect of baicalein on CCl4 -induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, our results reveal that baicalein supplementation ameliorates CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice by upregulating the antioxidant defense pathways and downregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and ferroptosis, which involved the activation of Nrf2 pathway and the inhibition of ALOX12 and NF-κB pathways.
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Chen Y, Que R, Lin L, Shen Y, Liu J, Li Y. Inhibition of oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome by Saikosaponin-d alleviates acute liver injury in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatitis in mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420950593. [PMID: 32816567 PMCID: PMC7444099 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420950593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NLRP3 inflammasome activation results in severe liver inflammation and injury. Saikosaponin-d (SSd) possesses anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of SSd on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in mice, and whether oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation participate in the process. The CCl4 mice model and controls were induced. The mice were treated with SSd at 1, 1.5, or 2.0 mg/kg in a total volume of 100 µl/25 g of body weight. Liver injury was assessed by histopathology. Oxidative stress was determined using mitochondrial superoxide production (MSP), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) activities. NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase 1 were determined by real-time PCR and western blot. IL-1β and IL-18 levels were determined by ELISA. Significantly elevated oxidative stress was induced in the liver by CCl4, as demonstrated by histopathology and increases of MDA and MSP levels and decreases of SOD, GPx, and CAT activities (all P < 0.01). SSd significantly decreased the MDA and MSP levels and increased the activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT (all P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase 1, and the protein expression of Caspase 1-p10, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β, and IL-18 were significantly increased after CCl4 induction (all P < 0.01). These changes were reversed by SSd (all P < 0.05). Suppression of the oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were involved in SSd-alleviated acute liver injury in CCl4-induced hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renye Que
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai TCM Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liubing Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanting Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinkai Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery I, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital Affiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Abdulredha A, Abosaooda M, Al-Amran F, Hadi NR. Berberine Protests the Heart from Ischemic Reperfusion Injury via Interference with Oxidative and Inflammatory Pathways. Med Arch 2021; 75:174-179. [PMID: 34483445 PMCID: PMC8385727 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.174-179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is a pathological condition characterized by an initial restriction of blood supply to an organ followed by the subsequent restoration of perfusion and concomitant reoxygenation. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to assess the possible cardioprotective potential effect of berberine in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a male rat model. METHODS Total amount of 28 adult male albino rats were randomized into 4 equal groups: 1) Sham group, rats underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the control group except for LAD ligation; 2), Active control group, rats subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours, 3), Control vehicle group, rats received dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) (vehicle of berberine) via IP route and subjected to ischemia for 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery & reperfusion for 2 hr; 4), Berberine treated group, rats pretreated with berberine10 mg/kg via IP injection 30minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery & then subjected to reperfusion for 2 hr. RESULTS In the control group, as compared with sham, tissue TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, caspase-3 and BAX, plasma cTn-T and serum MDA significantly increased (P<0.05), while serum GSH significantly decreased (P<0.05). The histopathological control group showed a significant cardiac injury (P<0.05) compared with the sham group. Berberine significantly counteracted (P<0.05) the increase of TNF-α, IL-6, caspase-3 and BAX and counteracted the increase in plasma cTn-T and serum MDA. Berberine produces a significant elevation (P<0.05) in cardiac IL-10 and serum GSH with a significant reduction in (P<0.05) cardiac injury. CONCLUSION Berberine attenuates myocardial I/R injury in male rats via interfering with inflammatory reactions and apoptosis which were induced by I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Abdulredha
- Al-Sadar Teaching Medical City, Al-Najaf Open Heart and Interventional Cardiac Center. Najaf, Iraq
| | | | - Fadhil Al-Amran
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, College of Medicine, Kufa University, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Najah R. Hadi
- Al-Sadar Teaching Medical City, Al-Najaf Open Heart and Interventional Cardiac Center. Najaf, Iraq
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Bansod S, Saifi MA, Godugu C. Molecular updates on berberine in liver diseases: Bench to bedside. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5459-5476. [PMID: 34056769 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases are life-threatening illnesses and are the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. These may include liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and drug-induced liver toxicity. Liver diseases have a wide prevalence globally and the fifth most common cause of death among all gastrointestinal disorders. Several novel therapeutic approaches have emerged for the therapy of liver diseases that may provide better clinical outcomes with improved safety. The use of phytochemicals for the amelioration of liver diseases has gained considerable popularity. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid of the protoberberine type, has emerged as a promising molecule for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Accumulating studies have proved the hepatoprotective effects of BBR. BBR has been shown to modulate multiple signaling pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of liver diseases including Akt/FoxO2, PPAR-γ, Nrf2, insulin, AMPK, mTOR, and epigenetic pathways. In the present review, we have emphasized the important pharmacological activities and mechanisms of BBR in liver diseases. Further, we have reviewed various pharmacokinetic and toxicological barriers of this promising phytoconstituent. Finally, formulation-based novel approaches are also summarized to overcome the clinical hurdles for BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapana Bansod
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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Jahan A, Shams S, Ali S, Samrana S, Ali A, Adhikari A, Sajid M, Ali A, Ali H. Govaniadine Ameliorates Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Kupffer Cell Activation in Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2462-2472. [PMID: 33553864 PMCID: PMC7859953 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Liver diseases such as hepatic carcinoma are one of the main health problems worldwide. Herbal drugs are largely used to treat liver injury in the indigenous system of medicine and may provide lead compounds for hepatoprotective drug discovery. The present study is investigated to test the Corydalis govaniana Wall. extract, fraction, and isolate therapeutically active constituents to explore their hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. For this purpose, the antioxidant activity of govaniadine, caseadine, caseamine, and protopine was performed by assessing the scavenging events of the stable 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Hepatoprotection of govaniadine was assessed in terms of reduction in serum enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase) caused by CCl4-induced liver injury in rats and by histopathological techniques. All the compounds showed significant antioxidant activity with a percentage inhibition of 92.2, 86.7, 85.3, and 79.7, respectively, compared to propyl gallate 90.3%. Treatment with govaniadine reduced the serum enzyme level down to normal levels in the CCl4-treated group while inhibiting the increase of malondialdehyde, and the induction of superoxide dismutase and the glutathione level was upregulated. Histopathology showed ∼47% damage to the liver cells in the CCl4-treated group; reduction in this damaged area was found to be better upon using govaniadine. Immunohistochemistry results showed that govaniadine as compared to silymarin has exceedingly decreased the inflammation by halting the CCl4-induced activation of hepatic macrophages. In carrageenan-induced paw edema assay, govaniadine significantly alleviated the edema after 1-5 h at a dose of 20 mg/kg (26.00 and 28.5%), 50 mg/kg (22.05 and 27.0%), and 100 mg/kg (20.02 and 25.30%), respectively. The results of our experiments suggest that govaniadine showed antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity in liver injury. The hepatoprotective function of govaniadine may be associated to the scavenging of the free radical and attenuation of oxidative stress as well as inflammatory responses in the liver. Hence, govaniadine may be a lead compound for the hepatoprotective drug discovery process and further research is needed to find out their molecular mechanism of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Jahan
- Department
of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Shams
- Department
of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Safdar Ali
- Department
of Physics, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Samrana Samrana
- College
of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- Department
of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan
| | - Achyut Adhikari
- H.
E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical
and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Central Department
of Chemistry, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department
of Biochemistry, Hazara University, Mansehra 21300, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abid Ali
- College
of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang
University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hamid Ali
- Department
of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Alsahli MA, Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Khan AA, Anwar S, Almutary AG, Alrumaihi F, Rahmani AH. 6-Gingerol, a Major Ingredient of Ginger Attenuates Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Liver Injury in Rats through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6661937. [PMID: 33531877 PMCID: PMC7837795 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6661937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a well-known hepatocarcinogen, and its oral administration causes severe liver damage including cancer. DEN induces the pathogenesis of the liver through reactive oxygen species mediated inflammation and modulation of various biological activities. 6-Gingerol, a major component of ginger, is reported to prevent liver diseases by reducing the oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators. The present study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of 6-gingerol through the measurement of oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory markers, liver function enzyme parameter, and histopathological analysis. The rats were randomly divided into four groups as the control, DEN treated (50 mg/kg b.w.), DEN+6-gingerol (each 50 mg/kg b.w.), and 6-gingerol only. To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects, liver function enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), oxidative stress markers (SOD, GSH, GST, and TAC), lipid peroxidation, inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM1), haematoxylin and eosin staining, Sirius red staining, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy were performed. The results showed a significant increase in liver function enzymes, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in the DEN-treated group as compared to the control group. Besides this, altered architecture of hepatocytes (infiltration of inflammatory cells, congestion, blood vessel dilation, and edema), abundant collagen fiber and organelle structures like distorted shaped and swollen mitochondria, and broken endoplasmic reticulum were noticed. The administration of 6-gingerol significantly ameliorated the biochemical and histopathological changes. The increased expression of TNF-α protein was noticed in the DEN-treated group whereas the administration of 6-gingerol significantly decreased the expression of this protein. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that 6-gingerol may be an alternative therapy for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shehwaz Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Chiu YJ, Wu KC, Tsai JC, Kao CP, Chao J, Peng WH, Cheng HY. Hepatoprotective Effect of the Fruits of Polygonum orientale L. Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Mice. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20971501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of the fruits of Polygonum orientale L. (POE) against fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. Bioactive components of POE were identified using liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS by comparison with standards. Treatment with either silymarin (200 mg/kg) or POE (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) caused significant decreases in the serum levels of enzymes and reduced the extent of liver lesions and fibrosis in histological analysis. POE (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg) decreased the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, proinflammatory cytokines (ie, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6), an inflammatory cytokine (ie, cyclooxygenase-2), a profibrotic cytokine (ie, transforming growth factor-β), and fibrosis-related proteins (ie, connective tissue growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin) in the liver and enhanced the activities of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and catalase. Quantitative analysis of the active constituents in POE revealed an extract composition of 3.4 mg/g of protocatechuic acid, 20.8 mg/g of taxifolin, and 5.6 mg/g of quercetin. We have demonstrated that the hepatoprotective mechanisms of POE are likely to be associated with the decrease in inflammatory cytokines by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Our findings provide evidence that POE possesses a hepatoprotective activity to ameliorate chronic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Jia Chiu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chieh Tsai
- Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Health Applications, College of Biotechnology and Bio-Resources, Da-Yeh University, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Da-Yeh University, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Kao
- Hsin Sheng College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jung Chao
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen Huang Peng
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Jen Junior College of Nursing, Health Sciences and Management, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan
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Malekinezhad P, Ellestad LE, Afzali N, Farhangfar SH, Omidi A, Mohammadi A. Evaluation of berberine efficacy in reducing the effects of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A added to male broiler rations. Poult Sci 2020; 100:797-809. [PMID: 33518134 PMCID: PMC7858088 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many types of mycotoxins are found in food sources contaminated with fungi, and if these are ingested in large quantities or over a long period, they can affect the health of humans and domestic animals. Berberine (BBR) is a plant alkaloid with multiple pharmacological functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of the plant alkaloid BBR on reducing toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in broilers by examining performance characteristics, blood biochemistry, antioxidant systems, ileum morphology, and histopathology of the liver. The experiment was performed with 288 Ross 308 broilers reared in floor pens for 42 d in a randomized design with 9 treatments. Each treatment was replicated 4 times, and each replicate contained 8 chicks. Experimental treatments included (1) negative control diet with no additives (NC); (2) NC + 2 ppm AFB (positive control AFB; PCAFB); (3) NC + 2 ppm OTA (positive control OTA; PCOTA); (4) PCAFB + 200 mg/kg BBR; (5) PCAFB + 400 mg/kg BBR; (6) PCAFB + 600 mg/kg BBR; (7) PCOTA + 200 mg/kg BBR; (8) PCOTA + 400 mg/kg BBR; and (9) PCOTA + 600 mg/kg BBR. Compared with NC, feeding PCAFB and PCOTA diets reduced average daily feed intake, weight gain, serum concentrations of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and the length and width of ileum villi (P < 0.05). At the same time, these parameters increased in birds fed PCAFB or PCOTA diets supplemented with 600 mg/kg of BBR (P < 0.05). Feeding PCAFB and PCOTA diets increased feed conversion ratio (FCR), serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, serum urea, and liver lesions compared with NC. By contrast, compared with PCAFB and PCOTA, adding 600 mg/kg BBR decreased FCR, AST, LDH, ALT, and GGT activities, urea, and liver lesions (P < 0.05). Overall, supplementation with 600 mg/kg BBR may improve growth performance, liver function, and antioxidant status of broilers fed diets contaminated with AFB and OTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouyan Malekinezhad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran; Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Laura E Ellestad
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nazar Afzali
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
| | | | - Arash Omidi
- Department of Animal Health Management, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Mohammadi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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The pharmacological activity of berberine, a review for liver protection. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 890:173655. [PMID: 33068590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liver plays an important role in bile synthesis, metabolic function, degradation of toxins, new substances synthesis in body. However, hepatopathy morbidity and mortality are increasing year by year around the world, which become a major public health problem. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a prominent role in the treatment of liver diseases due to its definite curative effect and small side effects. The hepatoprotective effect of berberine has been extensively studied, so we comprehensively summarize the pharmacological activities of lipid metabolism regulation, bile acid adjustment, anti-inflammation, oxidation resistance, anti-fibrosis and anti-cancer and so on. Besides, the metabolism and toxicity of berberine and its new formulations to improve its effectiveness are expounded, providing a reference for the safe and effective clinical use of berberine.
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Abstract
Plants are a rich source of new antiviral, pharmacologically active agents. The naturally occurring plant alkaloid berberine (BBR) is one of the phytochemicals with a broad range of biological activity, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity. BBR targets different steps in the viral life cycle and is thus a good candidate for use in novel antiviral drugs and therapies. It has been shown that BBR reduces virus replication and targets specific interactions between the virus and its host. BBR intercalates into DNA and inhibits DNA synthesis and reverse transcriptase activity. It inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus (HSV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human papillomavirus (HPV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This isoquinoline alkaloid has the ability to regulate the MEK-ERK, AMPK/mTOR, and NF-κB signaling pathways, which are necessary for viral replication. Furthermore, it has been reported that BBR supports the host immune response, thus leading to viral clearance. In this short review, we focus on the most recent studies on the antiviral properties of berberine and its derivatives, which might be promising agents to be considered in future studies in the fight against the current pandemic SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
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Xiao L, Poudel AJ, Huang L, Wang Y, Abdalla AM, Yang G. Nanocellulose hyperfine network achieves sustained release of berberine hydrochloride solubilized with β-cyclodextrin for potential anti-infection oral administration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:633-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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34
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Tarabasz D, Kukula-Koch W. Palmatine: A review of pharmacological properties and pharmacokinetics. Phytother Res 2019; 34:33-50. [PMID: 31496018 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to collect together the results of the numerous studies over the last two decades on the pharmacological properties of palmatine published in scientific databases like Scopus and PubMed, which are scattered across different publications. Palmatine, an isoquinoline alkaloid from the class of protoberberines, is a yellow compound present in the extracts from different representatives of Berberidaceae, Papaveraceae, Ranunculaceae, and Menispermaceae. It has been extensively used in traditional medicine of Asia in the treatment of jaundice, liver-related diseases, hypertension, inflammation, and dysentery. New findings describe its possible applications in the treatment of civilization diseases like central nervous system-related problems. This review intends to let this alkaloid come out from the shade of a more frequently described alkaloid: berberine. The toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and biological activities of this protoberberine alkaloid will be developed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Gao Z, Yuan F, Li H, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Zhang J, Song Z, Jia L. The ameliorations of Ganoderma applanatum residue polysaccharides against CCl 4 induced liver injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 137:1130-1140. [PMID: 31295484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the protective effects of Ganoderma applanatum residue polysaccharides (GRP) on the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity. The results indicated that GRP showed significantly effects on preventing the increase of AST, ALT and ALP levels in serum, elevating the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT, decreasing the contents of MDA and LPO, and reducing the CYP2E1 and TGF-β concentrations in CCl4-induced mice, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased, while the value of IL-10 was increased by GRP treatment. Besides, the western blot assay showed the IκBα expressions were significantly increased and the p-p65 was decreased by the treatment with GRP. The characterizations indicated that the GRP was heteropolysaccharide with lower molecular weights and α-furanoside residues. These results demonstrated that GRP might be a potential material for drug and functional food development against chemical hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China; College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Fangfang Yuan
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Huaping Li
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Yanbo Feng
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China
| | - Zhen Song
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Le Jia
- College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, PR China.
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Cao B, Sun RB, Yan G, Yang GY, Aa JY, Li J. Berberine reverses LPS-induced repression of CYP7A1 through an anti-inflammatory effect. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Mao T, Yang L, Liu G, Wei Y, Gou Y, Wang J, Tao L. Ferrocene-Containing Polymer via the Biginelli Reaction for In Vivo Treatment of Oxidative Stress Damage. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:639-645. [PMID: 35619538 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule antioxidants have little impact on oxidative stress in vivo because of their poor bioavailability. To explore an antioxidant for in vivo applications, a polymeric antioxidant containing a ferrocene moiety was developed. The ferrocene-containing monomer was synthesized through the robust tricomponent Biginelli reaction with a high yield. The corresponding water-soluble copolymer was conveniently prepared via radical polymerization. Both the ferrocene moiety and the Biginelli structure (dihydropyrimidin-2(H)-one) contributed to the remarkable radical scavenging ability of this highly biocompatible copolymer. It was more efficient than traditional small molecule antioxidants at protecting cells against fatal oxidative stress. This copolymer also showed clear therapeutic activity in counteracting oxidation-induced acute liver damage in a live mouse model. Our study into functional organometallic polymers resulted in a promising polymeric biomaterial that may find therapeutic applications and have important implications in the fields of organic chemistry and polymer chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Cancer Institute and Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanzi Gou
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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Du J, Ding X, Zhang X, Zhao X, Shan H, Wang F. Berberine attenuate staphylococcal enterotoxin B-mediated acute liver injury via regulating HDAC expression. AMB Express 2018; 8:158. [PMID: 30276552 PMCID: PMC6167266 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0684-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) has been documented to be implicated in the pathogenesis of liver injury in the experimental models of hepatitis. However, the underlying mechanism of SEB-induced acute liver injury (ALI) remains to be further explored. In our study, we explored the therapeutic effectiveness of berberine (BBR), a natural isoquinoline alkaloid, in the SEB-induced ALI. In our study, we found that injection of SEB into d-galactosamine (d-gal)-sensitized mice induced ALI, as demonstrated by an increase of levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, massive infiltration of immune cells into the liver, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. However, intragastric administration of BBR attenuated SEB-induced ALI in mice. Meanwhile, we discovered that BBR treatment suppressed activation of splenocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Moreover, mechanistic analyses demonstrated that BBR was effective at inhibiting the expression of class I HDAC, but not class II, in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Furthermore, trichostatin A, a standard HDAC inhibitor, alleviated activation of splenocytes and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in SEB-stimulated splenocytes. Taken together, we inferred from these results that BBR attenuated SEB-mediated ALI through repressing the class I HDAC enzyme, suggesting that BBR may constitute a novel therapeutic modality to prevent SEB-mediated inflammation and ALI.
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Wu YY, Li TM, Zang LQ, Liu B, Wang GX. Effects of berberine on tumor growth and intestinal permeability in HCT116 tumor-bearing mice using polyamines as targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1447-1453. [PMID: 30257361 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is seriously affected by high intestinal mucosal permeability accompanied by increasing tumor load. Berberine, a natural plant-derived product, can protect the intestinal mucosal barrier and suppress tumor growth, but its effects on the intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction of CRC have not yet been evaluated. Herein, we assessed the effects of berberine on the intestinal mucosal permeability of HCT116 tumor-bearing mice and the underlying mechanism. Berberine (6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/kg) was administered to tumor-bearing mice for 3 weeks by intraperitoneal injection, and saline was given to controls and models. Compared with the control group, tumor-bearing mice had increased intestinal mucosal permeability in the third week. Meanwhile, the body weight decreased by 4%-7%, the concentration of D-lactic acid in plasma increased, and the expressions of ZO1 and Occludin were down-regulated. The intestinal mucosa was impaired. Compared with the model group, berberine inhibited tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner (6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/kg), reduced the permeability of intestinal mucosa, and alleviated intestinal mucosal damage. HPLC showed that berberine decreased the content of polyamines in tumor tissue, whereas increased that in intestinal mucosa tissue. Western blot showed that berberine inhibited the expressions of ODC, C-MYC and HIF-1α, but up-regulated those of OAZ1 and SSAT. In short, berberine may exert antitumor effects by suppressing tumor growth and elevating the intestinal mucosal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China; The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Tong-Ming Li
- School of Chinese Herbology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Quan Zang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.
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Neag MA, Mocan A, Echeverría J, Pop RM, Bocsan CI, Crişan G, Buzoianu AD. Berberine: Botanical Occurrence, Traditional Uses, Extraction Methods, and Relevance in Cardiovascular, Metabolic, Hepatic, and Renal Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:557. [PMID: 30186157 PMCID: PMC6111450 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine-containing plants have been traditionally used in different parts of the world for the treatment of inflammatory disorders, skin diseases, wound healing, reducing fevers, affections of eyes, treatment of tumors, digestive and respiratory diseases, and microbial pathologies. The physico-chemical properties of berberine contribute to the high diversity of extraction and detection methods. Considering its particularities this review describes various methods mentioned in the literature so far with reference to the most important factors influencing berberine extraction. Further, the common separation and detection methods like thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry are discussed in order to give a complex overview of the existing methods. Additionally, many clinical and experimental studies suggest that berberine has several pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidative, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects. This review summarizes the main information about botanical occurrence, traditional uses, extraction methods, and pharmacological effects of berberine and berberine-containing plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Neag
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Raluca M. Pop
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina I. Bocsan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gianina Crişan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca D. Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hesari A, Ghasemi F, Cicero AFG, Mohajeri M, Rezaei O, Hayat SMG, Sahebkar A. Berberine: A potential adjunct for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers? J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9655-9663. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AmirReza Hesari
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Mohammad Mohajeri
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Omid Rezaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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Ren J, Liu C, Zhao D, Fu J. The role of heat shock protein 70 in oxidant stress and inflammatory injury in quail spleen induced by cold stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21011-21023. [PMID: 29766433 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) in oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in the spleen of quails which were induced by cold stress. One hundred ninety-two 15-day-old male quails were randomly divided into 12 groups and kept at 12 ± 1 °C to examine acute and chronic cold stress. We first detected the changes in activities of antioxidant enzymes in the spleen tissue under acute and chronic cold stress. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) fluctuated in acute cold stress groups, while they were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) after chronic cold stress. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitric oxide (NO) content were decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both of the acute and chronic cold stress groups. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly increased (p < 0.05) under cold stress except the 0.5 h group of acute cold stress. Besides, histopathological analysis showed that quail's spleen tissue was inflammatory injured seriously in both the acute and chronic cold stress groups. Additionally, the inflammatory factors (cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), iNOS, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α)) and Hsp70 mRNA levels were increased in both of the acute and chronic cold stress groups compared with the control groups. These results suggest that oxidative stress and inflammatory injury could be induced by cold stress in spleen tissues of quails. Furthermore, the increased expression of Hsp70 may play a role in protecting the spleen against oxidative stress and inflammatory damage caused by cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chunpeng Liu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Dimethylthiourea ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in ovariectomized mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:427-436. [PMID: 29787990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In order to clarify hepato-protective actions of estrogen, we examined the progress of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in sham and ovariectomized (ovx) mice and the effects of dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a hydroxyl radical scavenger, and meloxicam (Melo), a selective cox-2 inhibitor, on the development of CCl4-induced ALI. MAIN METHODS Female C57BL/6 J mice weighing 15-20 g were performed sham or ovx operation at 8 weeks of age. Blood and liver samples were collected 15 and 24 h after CCl4 administration. Sham and ovx mice were given DMTU, Melo or saline intraperitoneally 30 min before CCl4 or corn oil administration. KEY FINDINGS ALT levels in ovx mice were significantly increased compared to those in sham mice. DMTU reduced ALT levels in ovx mice to the same levels as those in sham mice after CCl4 injection. CCl4 upregulated TNF-α, IL-6, cox-2 and iNOS expression in ovx mice compared to the levels in sham mice. DMTU significantly reduced cox-2 and iNOS expression levels upregulated by CCl4 in ovx mice. However, pretreatment with Melo had no effects on ALT levels and the gene expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and HO-1 in either sham or ovx mice, indicating that cox-2 may not participate in increase of CCl4-induced ALI caused by estrogen deficiency. SIGNIFICANCE Ovariectomy accelerated the development of CCl4-induced acute liver injury, and DMTU reduced liver injury. These results suggest that estrogen may act as an antioxidant in the development CCl4-induced acute liver injury.
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Wei DD, Wang JS, Duan JA, Kong LY. Metabolomic Assessment of Acute Cholestatic Injuries Induced by Thioacetamide and by Bile Duct Ligation, and the Protective Effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:458. [PMID: 29867467 PMCID: PMC5952270 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction, a traditional Chinese formula, has been reported to protect liver from various injuries. Two cholestasis models of rats induced by thioacetamide and by bile duct ligation were established and treated with Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-based urinary metabolic profiles were analyzed by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and univariate analysis to excavate differential metabolites associated with the injuries of the two models and the treatment effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction. The two cholestatic models shared common metabolic features of excessive fatty acid oxidation, insufficient glutathione regeneration and disturbed gut flora, with specific characteristics of inhibited urea cycle and DNA damage in thioacetamide-intoxicated model, and perturbed Kreb's cycle and inhibited branched chain amino acid oxidation in bile duct ligation model. With good treatment effects, Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Decoction could regain the balance of the disturbed metabolic status common in the two cholestasis injuries, e.g., unbalanced redox system and disturbed gut flora; and perturbed urea cycle in thioacetamide-intoxicated model and energy crisis (disturbed Kreb's cycle and oxidation of branched chain amino acid) in bile duct ligation model, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Wei
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Song Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Soliman AF, Anees LM, Ibrahim DM. Cardioprotective effect of zingerone against oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by cisplatin or gamma radiation in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:819-832. [PMID: 29736620 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1506-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite their clinical benefits in cancer treatment, the deleterious effects on heart following chemo/radiotherapy are of increasing importance. Zingerone, a natural polyphenol, possesses multiple biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Thus, the current study was designed to assess the potential cardioprotective effects of zingerone against cisplatin or γ-radiation. Zingerone was given by intragastric intubation (25 mg/kg) daily for three successive weeks prior to the induction of cardiotoxicity using a single dose of cisplatin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) or a whole body γ-irradiation at a single dose of 6 Gy. Zingerone pre-treatment significantly reduced the abnormalities in heart histology and the increase in the cardiotoxicity indices, serum lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase-MB activities, as well as plasma cardiac troponin T and B-natriuretic peptide, induced by cisplatin or γ-radiation. Further, zingerone, except for superoxide dismutase, notably ameliorated the state of oxidative stress as evidenced by a significant decrease in malondialdehyde level accompanied with a significant increase in the reduced glutathione content and catalase activity. Additionally, zingerone mitigated the increase in the inflammatory markers including serum level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cardiac myeloperoxidase activity, and cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression. Moreover, zingerone alleviated the elevation of caspase-3 gene expression and the prominent nuclear DNA fragmentation and attenuated the decrease in mitochondrial complexes' activities. This study sheds the light on a probable protective role of zingerone as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic agent against cisplatin- or γ-radiation-induced cardiotoxicity and holds a potential in regard to therapeutic intervention for chemo/radiotherapy mediated cardiac damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Lobna M Anees
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Addition of Berberine to Preservation Solution in an Animal Model of Ex Vivo Liver Transplant Preserves Mitochondrial Function and Bioenergetics from the Damage Induced by Ischemia/Reperfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010284. [PMID: 29351246 PMCID: PMC5796230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is a therapeutic regimen to treat patients with non-malignant end-stage liver diseases and malignant tumors of hepatic origin. The ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in liver transplantation is associated with disruption of mitochondrial function in the hepatic parenchyma. Several studies have been conducted in animal models to identify pharmacological therapeutic strategies to minimize the injury induced by the cold/warm I/R in liver transplantation. Most of these studies were conducted in unrealistic conditions without the potential to be translated to clinical usage. Berberine (BBR) is a pharmacological compound with a potential protective effect of the mitochondrial function in the context of I/R. For the future clinical application of these pharmacological strategies, it is essential that a close resemblance exists between the methodology used in the animals models and real life. In this study, we have demonstrated that the addition of BBR to the preservation solution in an I/R setting preserves mitochondrial function and bioenergetics, protecting the liver from the deleterious effects caused by I/R. As such, BBR has the potential to be used as a pharmacological therapeutic strategy.
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Hydroalcoholic extract of Stevia rebaudiana bert. leaves and stevioside ameliorates lipopolysaccharide induced acute liver injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1040-1050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Mahmoud AM, Hozayen WG, Ramadan SM. Berberine ameliorates methotrexate-induced liver injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and PPARγ, and suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:280-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We set out to examine whether berberine (BBR) might affect the severity of pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury in choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet-induced severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS Severe acute pancreatitis was induced by feeding a CDE diet for 3 days. Berberine was administered intraperitoneally during CDE diet. Mice were killed on days 1, 2, and 3 after the onset of CDE diet. The severity of pancreatitis was assessed by evaluating changes to the pancreas and lung and survival rate. Blood, pancreas, and lung were harvested for further examination. Furthermore, the regulating mechanisms of BBR were evaluated on the pancreas. RESULTS Administration of BBR significantly inhibited histological damage to the pancreas and lung and decreased serum level of amylase and lipase, myeloperoxidase activity, cytokine production, and the mortality rate. Furthermore, administration of BBR inhibited activation of nuclear factor kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinases, and p38 in the pancreas during CDE diet. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that BBR attenuates the severity of pancreatitis by inhibiting activation of nuclear factor kappa B, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 and that BBR could be used as a beneficial agent to regulate AP.
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50
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Zahran WE, Elsonbaty SM, Moawed FSM. Selenium nanoparticles with low-level ionizing radiation exposure ameliorate nicotine-induced inflammatory impairment in rat kidney. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19980-19989. [PMID: 28691127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to low-level ionizing radiation (<1 Gy) was shown to enhance cell protection via attenuating an established inflammatory process. Nicotine, a major toxic component of cigarette smoke, is responsible for smoking-mediated renal dysfunction. The present study was therefore aimed to investigate the protective impact of ginger Zingiber officinale selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with whole-body low-dose gamma radiation (γ-R) against nicotine-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. Nicotine intoxication was induced with 0.5 mg/kg BW. Rats received 0.1 mg SeNPs/kg BW by gastric gavage concomitant with 0.5 Gy γ-R over 4 weeks. Characterization studies showed the formation of spherical SeNPs with a size ranged from 10 to 30 nm in diameter with a thin film encapsulating the nanoballs. Our data revealed that nicotine induced renal dysfunction manifested by significant abnormal levels of kidney function markers (creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium) accompanied by increased levels of malondialdehyde along with a reduction in glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities. It is worthy to note that nicotine toxicity induced significant increments in serum inflammatory markers: tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular cell adhesion protein 1. Western blotting showed marked significant elevation in caspase-3 activities against nicotine. The mRNA gene expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 gene was highly increased with nicotine intoxication while that of cyclooxygenase-1 did not show any changes. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that SeNPs in synergistic interaction with γ-R are efficacious control against nicotine-induced nephrotoxicity via anti-oxidant-mediated anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, it is tempting to recommend dietary approaches with ginger SeNPs for smokers at workplaces exposed occupationally and regularly to low-level ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid E Zahran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sawsan M Elsonbaty
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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