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Teng Z, Jiang B, Wang J, Liu T, Aniagu S, Zhu Z, Chen T, Jiang Y. Regulation of Cx43 and its role in trichloroethylene-induced cardiac toxicity in H9C2 rat cardiomyocytes. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 323:138249. [PMID: 36842555 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widespread environmental contaminant, has been linked to congenital heart defects. Abnormal regulation of Connexin 43 is closely associated with various cardiac diseases. However, it is yet to be established how Cx43 responds to environmental pollutants. Here, we aim to explore the role of Cx43 in TCE-induced cardiac toxicity using H9C2 cardiomyocytes. EdU incorporation assay and cell cycle analysis revealed that increased number of TCE-treated cells entered into the S stage, indicating that TCE exposure provoked cell proliferation. Additionally, compromised mitochondrial function was observed in TCE-treated cells, and inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) with Cyclosporin A or eliminating mitochondrial ROS by MitoQ alleviated the TCE-induced cardiac toxicity. Importantly, TCE exposure increased the protein expression levels of Cx43 and stimulated the recruitment of Cx43 to the mitochondria. TCE exposure disrupted canonical Wnt signal pathway, resulting in downregulation of antioxidant genes and β-catenin. The adverse effects of TCE on Wnt signal pathway activation, mitochondrial function and cell proliferation were efficiently counteracted by either Cx43 knockdown or pharmaceutical activator of Wnt signaling, CHIR-99021. Taken together, our results for the first time revealed that dysregulation of Cx43 mediates TCE-induced heart defects via mitochondrial dysfunction and Wnt signaling inhibition, suggesting that Cx43 can be a potential molecular marker or therapeutic target for cardiac diseases caused by environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkun Teng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment, and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Zhang JX, Yang Y, Huang H, Xie HB, Huang M, Jiang W, Ding BW, Zhu QX. TNF-α/TNFR1 regulates the polarization of Kupffer cells to mediate trichloroethylene-induced liver injury. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113141. [PMID: 34974362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown trichloroethylene (TCE) induced immune liver injury, and TNF-α/TNFR1 pathway as a probably mechanism underlying the immune damage, but the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. The study aims to investigate whether TNF-α and its receptors regulate Kupffer cell polarization and downstream inflammation signaling pathways during TCE sensitization, to clarify the mechanism of TCE-mediated immune liver injury. 6-8 weeks old SPF BALB/c female mice were used to establish a TCE sensitization model. We found that in the TCE sensitization positive group, liver injury was aggravated, Kupffer cells activated and polarized to M1 type. The expression of M1 Kupffer cell marker proteins CD11c and CD16/32 increased in the TCE positive group, so did TNF-α and TNFR1 in liver. The expression of P-IKK protein, PP65 protein and P-STAT3 protein increased in the TCE sensitization positive group, and the downstream inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6 also increased in the TCE sensitization positive group. After using the TNFR1 inhibitor R7050, we found that M1 Kupffer cell polarization, TNF-α expression, signal pathway expression and inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-6 expression declined, and the liver damage relieved. Briefly, the use of R7050 to inhibit TNF-α/TNFR1 changing the polarization of liver M1 Kupffer cell, thereby inhibiting the activation of related downstream signaling pathways and reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors. TNF-α/TNFR1 regulates the polarization of M1 Kupffer cells inflammatory play an important role in liver immune damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Institute of Dermatology, Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Bo Xie
- Institute of Dermatology, Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of dermatological, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bai-Wang Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qi-Xing Zhu
- Institute of Dermatology, Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of dermatological, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Das R, Mishra P, Jha R. In ovo Feeding as a Tool for Improving Performance and Gut Health of Poultry: A Review. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:754246. [PMID: 34859087 PMCID: PMC8632539 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.754246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early growth and development of the gastrointestinal tract are of critical importance to enhance nutrients' utilization and optimize the growth of poultry. In the current production system, chicks do not have access to feed for about 48-72 h during transportation between hatchery and production farms. This lag time affects early nutrient intake, natural exposure to the microbiome, and the initiation of beneficial stimulation of the immune system of chicks. In ovo feeding can provide early nutrients and additives to embryos, stimulate gut microflora, and mitigate the adverse effects of starvation during pre-and post-hatch periods. Depending on the interests, the compounds are delivered to the embryo either around day 12 or 17 to 18 of incubation and via air sac or amnion. In ovo applications of bioactive compounds like vaccines, nutrients, antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, creatine, follistatin, L-carnitine, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide, growth hormone, polyclonal antimyostatin antibody, peptide YY, and insulin-like growth factor-1 have been studied. These compounds affect hatchability, body weight at hatch, physiological functions, immune responses, gut morphology, gut microbiome, production performance, and overall health of birds. However, the route, dose, method, and time of in ovo injection and host factors can cause variation, and thereby inconsistencies in results. Studies using this method have manifested the benefits of injection of different single bioactive compounds. But for excelling in poultry production, researchers should precisely know the proper route and time of injection, optimum dose, and effective combination of different compounds. This review paper will provide an insight into current practices and available findings related to in ovo feeding on performance and health parameters of poultry, along with challenges and future perspectives of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razib Das
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Pravin Mishra
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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Liu Z, Wang M, Yu P, Li X, Lin Y, Duan Y, Tian Y, Zhu J, Deng Y, Li N. Maternal trichloroethylene exposure and metabolic gene polymorphisms may interact during fetal cardiovascular malformation. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 106:1-8. [PMID: 34555461 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the potential association between trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure and congenital heart disease (CHD) and to explore the effect of metabolic enzyme gene polymorphisms on heart development. A multicenter case-control study was conducted. The trichloroethylene concentrations were measured by UPLC-MSMS in urine. Fourteen SNPs in the GSTA1, GSTP1, MPO, NAT1, NAT2, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and EPHX1 genes were genotyped using an improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) technique. A total of 283 cases and 331 controls with maternal urine and/or venous blood were included in the present study. The median NAcDCVC was 7.65 ng/mL in the case group and 7.43 ng/mL in the control group. There was no significant difference in the NAcDCVC concentration between the CHD subtypes and controls (P > 0.05). The GA/AA of GSTA1 rs3957357 could increase the risk of CHDs under the dominant model (aOR = 2.26, 95 % CI: 1.31, 3.90), but other SNPs were not associated with CHDs (P > 0.05). GA or AA genotypes of GSTA1 rs3957357 with lower levels of TCE exposure were 3.53 times at risk relative to mothers carrying the wild type genotype. In conclusion, maternal exposure to trichloroethylene alone is not associated with the occurrence of fetal CHD and CHD subtypes. Maternal GSTA1 rs3957357 may increase the risk of CHD in offspring. TCE exposure and metabolic gene polymorphisms probably interact with each other to induce fetal cardiovascular malformation, but larger sample size studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meixian Wang
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yinghong Duan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Huize Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Liupanshui, Liupanshui, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Deng
- National Center for Birth Defect Monitoring, Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Xie H, Wang H, Wu Q, Peng J, Huang H, Wang Y, Huang M, Jiang W, Yang Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhu Q. Endothelin-1/Endothelin Receptor Type A-Angiopoietins/Tie-2 Pathway in Regulating the Cross Talk Between Glomerular Endothelial Cells and Podocytes in Trichloroethylene-Induced Renal Immune Injury. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:761-776. [PMID: 33727850 PMCID: PMC7955787 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s301104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the mechanism in regulating the cross talk between glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes in “occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis induced by trichloroethylene (OMLDT)” patients. Methods Totally 6 OMLDT patients, 18 controls, and 102 BALB/c female mice were involved in this study. Patient’s serum endothelin-1 (ET-1), angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and podocalyxin (PCX) were detected. All the mice were used to establish the trichloroethylene (TCE) sensitized mouse model. Transmission electron microscope results were used to reflect renal glomerulus injury. Protein levels were detected by Western blot. Ang-1/Ang-2 gene level was reflected by RT-PCR. Cell apoptosis level was detected by using TUNEL assay kit. Results We found that in OMLDT patients, ET-1, Ang-2, BUN, and PCX were highly expressed but Ang-1 was inhibited. In TCE sensitized positive mouse, the downregulation of Ang-1, pTie-2 and the upregulation of Ang-2 were mediated by ET-1/ETAR but not ET-1/ETBR. The promotor of apoptosis proteins was downregulated and the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins was upregulated by treating with BQ123. Discussion ET-1/ETAR-Angs/Tie-2 pathway mediated the cross talk between glomerular endothelial cells and podocytes. BQ123 can alleviate glomerulus immune injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Xie
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qifeng Wu
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Peng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yican Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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Xie H, Yang L, Yang Y, Jiang W, Wang X, Huang M, Zhang J, Zhu Q. C5b-9 membrane attack complex activated NLRP3 inflammasome mediates renal tubular immune injury in trichloroethylene sensitized mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111439. [PMID: 33039874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) induced occupational medicamentosa-like dermatitis (OMLDT) in patients is accompanied, typically, by renal damage. But the role of C5b-9 and IL-1β in TCE-sensitized mouse renal tubular damage is unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether TCE-sensitized mouse renal tubular epithelial cell damage was induced by NLRP3 inflammasome and whether NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by sublytic C5b-9. In total, 52 specific pathogen-free BALB/c female mice, 6- to 8-week-old, were used for establishing the TCE-sensitized mouse model. Renal tubular epithelial cells were isolated and used for determining the sublytic level of C5b-9. Kidney histological examination, serum neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) level were used for kidney damage evaluation. Renal protein levels of C5b-9, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were measured. The renal lesions, serum NGAL level, renal NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1 and IL-1β protein levels all increased significantly in TCE sensitized positive group. However, pretreatment with recombinant protein sCD59-Cys inhibited the expression of C5b-9, NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, IL-18, and attenuated renal tubular epithelial cell damage. The sublytic C5b-9 activated NLRP3 inflammasome and aggravated renal tubular epithelial cell damage. Pretreatment with recombinant protein sCD59-Cys blocked the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting the expression of C5b-9, and alleviating renal tubular epithelial cell damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Xie
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Meng Huang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.
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Rouget F, Bihannic A, Cordier S, Multigner L, Meyer-Monath M, Mercier F, Pladys P, Garlantezec R. Petroleum and Chlorinated Solvents in Meconium and the Risk of Hypospadias: A Pilot Study. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:640064. [PMID: 34150682 PMCID: PMC8206475 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.640064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hypospadias is a male congenital malformation that occurs in ~2 of 1,000 births. The association between hypospadias and fetal exposure to environmental chemicals has been studied, but the results are inconsistent. Although several petroleum and chlorinated solvents are suspected to have teratogenic effects, their role in the occurrence of hypospadias has been little studied and never using biomarkers of exposure. We aimed to evaluate the association between fetal exposure to petroleum and chlorinated solvents measured in meconium and the occurrence of hypospadias. Methods: We conducted a pilot case-control study in the maternity of the University Hospital of Rennes (France). Eleven cases of hypospadias and 46 controls were recruited between October 2012 and January 2014. Data from hospital records and maternal self-reported questionnaires, including socio-demographic characteristics and occupational and non-occupational exposure to chemicals, were collected. Meconium samples were collected using a standardized protocol. Levels of petroleum solvents (toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, and p, m, and o xylene), certain metabolites (mandelic acid, hippuric acid, methylhippuric acid, S-phenylmercapturic acid, S-benzylmercapturic acid, and phenylglyoxylic acid), and two chlorinated solvents (trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene) were measured in meconium by gas and liquid chromatography, both coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Associations between the concentration of each chemical and the occurrence of hypospadias were analyzed using exact logistic regressions adjusted for maternal age, educational level, pre-pregnancy body mass index, and alcohol, and tobacco consumption during pregnancy. Results are presented with odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Quantification rates for petroleum and chlorinated solvents or metabolites ranged from 2.2% (for methylhippuric acid) to 77.1% (for trichloroethylene) of the meconium samples. We found a significant association between the quantification of phenylglyoxylic acid (metabolite of styrene and ethylbenzene) in the meconium and a higher risk of hypospadias (OR = 14.2, 95% CI [2.5-138.7]). The risk of hypospadias was non-significantly elevated for most of the other solvents and metabolites. Conclusion: This exploratory study, on a limited number of cases, suggests an association between petroleum solvents and hypospadias. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results and identify the determinants for the presence of these solvents in meconium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Rouget
- CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France.,Brittany Registry of Congenital Anomalies, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Adèle Bihannic
- Brittany Registry of Congenital Anomalies, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | | | - Fabien Mercier
- LERES, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Patrick Pladys
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, LTSI-UMR 1099, Rennes, France
| | - Ronan Garlantezec
- CHU Rennes, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail)-UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
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